2 "National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine": Callicarpa 2. 1 Pinyin name zhǐzh
2.2 Callicarpa Callicarpa alias Callicarpa Callicarpa, hemostatic grass
2.3 Extracted from Callicarpa longipedunculata and Callicarpa bifida. ) K. Koch, Callicarpa verbena, whose stems, leaves and roots are used as medicine. Pick leaves and tender stems in spring, summer and autumn, use less or dry them in the sun and grind them into powder; Roots can be harvested, sliced and dried in all seasons.
2.4 Sexual taste is bitter, astringent and flat.
2.5 Functions are mainly used for stopping bleeding, removing blood stasis and diminishing inflammation. Used for epistaxis, hemoptysis, gastrointestinal bleeding, uterine bleeding, upper respiratory tract infection, tonsillitis, pneumonia and bronchitis; External use for treating traumatic hemorrhage and burn.
2.6 The usage and dosage of Callicarpa Callicarpa is 1 ~ 3 yuan RMB; Appropriate amount for external use, grinding and applying to the affected area.
2.7 Excerpted from the National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicine
3 "Chinese Materia Medica": Callicarpa 3. 1 From Compendium of Materia Medica and Callicarpa: Callicarpa, the name of Bauhinia, the tree is like Vitex negundo, the leaves are small and innocent, and it is not the essence of the field. Mature purple in Qiu Zi, as round as beads. Born between Jiangdong and Lin Ze.
3.2 Pinyin Name Zh
3.3 English name Taiwan Province Callicarpa leaf
3.4 Callicarpa Callicarpa alias Bauhinia, Callicarpa Callicarpa
3.5 Source of medicinal materials: leaves of dicotyledonous plants of Verbenaceae, such as Flos Carthami, Begonia, Callicarpa, and Laoyatie.
Latin animal and plant mineral name: 1. Callicarpa Taiwan Province. Ebach ] 2. Callicarpa. ) K. Koch [C. dichotoma (Lour.) loucks. ; Porphyra bifida ]3.4. Callicarpa. [C. Girardina Hesse; Perilla frutescens ]
Harvest and storage: harvest in July and dry in the sun.
3.6 The original form is 1. Du Honghua shrub, height 13m. Branchlets, petioles and inflorescences are densely covered with gray-yellow star hairs and branched hairs. The single leaf is opposite, with thick veins and length of12.5 cm; ; The leaf blade is ovoid or ovoid, 6 15cm long and 38cm wide, the tip is tapered, the base is obtuse or truncated, the edge is serrated, the surface has short bristles, and the back has gray-yellow stellate hairs and tiny yellow glandular spots; Transverse pulse 8 12 pairs. Cymes axillary, 47 times forked, peduncle 65438 0.52.5 cm long; ; Having tiny bracts; Calyx cup-shaped, covered with gray-yellow stellate hairs. Calyx teeth obtuse triangle; Corolla purple to lavender, glabrous, about 2.5 mm long, lobes 4, obtuse, about 65438 0 mm long; Stamens 4, about 5 mm long; Ovary glabrous. The fruit is nearly spherical, purple and about 2mm in diameter. Flowering in May and fruiting in August165438+1October.
2. Small shrub of Chinese Begonia, height 13m. Multi-branched branchlets are slender, purplish red, and have a little stellate hair when they are young. Single leaf opposite; Petiole length 25 mm; ; Leaf blade obovate-lanceolate, with long apex or tail tip, glabrous on both sides, and densely covered with tiny yellow glandular spots on the back; 56 contralateral veins. Cymes axillary, slender, 12.5 cm wide, 23 times forked; Peduncle is about 1cm long, with a little stellate hair, and bears no hair when it bears fruit; Having linear bracts; Calyx cup-shaped, apex with inconspicuous 4 teeth or subtruncate; Corolla purple, long 1.52cm, apex 4-lobed, obtuse; Stamens 4, filaments about twice as long as corolla, anthers elliptic and small; Ovary glabrous with yellow glandular spots. The fruit is spherical, purple and about 2mm in diameter. The flowering period is May, and the fruiting period is 7165438+1October.
3. Callicarpa formosana shrub, elevation13m. Branchlets are slender, slightly star-shaped when they are young, and fall off when they are old. Single leaf opposite; Petiole length 28 mm; ; Leaf blade elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, 4 10 cm long and 0/0.53 cm wide, tapering at the top, wedge-shaped at the base, densely serrated at the edge, nearly hairless on both sides, with obvious red glandular spots; 57 contralateral veins Cymes are slender, born in leaf axils, branched 34 times, with a little stellate hair, and the total pedicel is slightly longer than petiole or nearly as long as bracts; Calyx cup-shaped, with stellate hairs and red glandular spots, calyx teeth obvious or obtuse triangle; Corolla lavender, sparsely stellate hairy, with red glandular spots; Stamens 4, filaments subequal to corolla; Ovary glabrous. The fruit is purple, spherical and about 2mm in diameter. Flowering in May and fruiting in August165438+1October.
4. Old toothpaste shrub, 13m high. Branchlets grayish yellow, cylindrical, stellate hairy. Single leaf opposite; Petiole length12 cm; ; Leaf blade is papery, oval, 5 15cm long and 27cm wide, with tapering apex, narrow wedge-shaped base or downward extension, serrated edge, yellowish green surface, slightly hairy, light green back, sparse stellate hairs and tiny yellow glandular spots; 8 10 contralateral vein. Cymes axillary, 23 cm wide, 45 times branched, stellate hairs; Calyx bell-shaped, about 65438 0.5 cm long, sparsely stellate hairs, falling off later, with yellow glandular spots, and obtuse triangular calyx teeth; Corolla purple, about 3 mm long, slightly hairy, with yellow glandular spots; Stamens 4, connective with yellow glandular spots; The ovary is hairy. The fruit is spherical, purple, initially covered with stellate hairs, colorless at maturity, with a diameter of about 2.54 mm. The flowering period is May, and the fruit period is 7165438+1October.
3.7 Ecological environment of habitat distribution: 1. Born in half of the altitude 1590 meters, born in forests or bushes on hillsides and streams.
2. Born in low hills and bushes below 600 meters above sea level.
3. Born in mountain valleys and stream bushes below the altitude of1200m.
Born in sparse forests and bushes at an altitude of 2003400 meters. ..
Resource distribution: 1. Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong, Guangxi and Yunnan.
2. Distributed in East China, South China, Hebei, Taiwan Province, Henan, Hubei and Guizhou. Japan and Vietnam are also distributed.
3 Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan.
4. Distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan.
3.8 Characterization (1) The mosaics in Du Hong are wrinkled and curled, and some are broken. After flattening, the whole blade is oval, 4 19cm long and 2.5gcm wide. The apex is tapered or blunt, the base is wide wedge-shaped or blunt, the edge is serrated, and it is near the whole base. The upper surface is grayish green or brownish green, and stellate hairs and short coarse hairs can be seen under the magnifying glass. The lower surface is light green or brownish green, with brownish yellow branch hairs. The main and lateral veins are prominent, with 8 12 pairs of lateral veins, and the venules extend into the tooth tips. The petiole is 0.5 1.5 cm long. Bright yellow, sometimes with small white punctate lenticels. Slight gas and bitter taste.
(2) The complete leaves of Malus chinensis are in the shape of inverted ellipse or quilt, with a length of 26 cm and a width of 13 cm; ; The apex is sharp or tail-shaped, the base is wedge-shaped, there are several coarse serrations below the middle of the edge, the upper surface is rough, the lower surface is hairless, and there are 56 pairs of lateral veins. Petiole short, about 0.5cm long.
(3) The whole leaf of Callicarpa Taiwan Province is oval or oval, 48cm long and 65438±0.53cm； wide; ; The apex is tapered, the base is wedge-shaped, the edge is densely serrated, both sides are nearly hairless, there are obvious reddish-brown glandular spots, 57 pairs of lateral veins are slightly raised on both sides, and veinlets and reticular veins are depressed; The petiole is 0.4 0.8 cm long.
(4) The whole leaf width of Laocrow's patch is oval to needle-like oblong, with a length of 5 15cm and a width of 27cm；; The apex is tapered, the base is wedge-shaped or extends into a narrow wedge shape, the edge is serrated, the upper surface is yellow-green, slightly hairy, the lower surface is light green, sparse stellate hairs and tiny yellow glandular hairs, the lateral veins are 8 10 pairs, and the main veins, lateral veins and veinlets are all raised on the back of the leaves; Leaf car length l2cm.
Microscopic identification of powder characteristics: Du Hong's leaves are yellowish brown. ① There are two kinds of non-glandular hairs. One is overlapping stellate hairs, most of which are broken, with a central axis diameter of 60μm and a wall thickness of 14μm, which is lignified, and the complete one is 1 to several rounds, with 16 lateral cells per round; Another non-glandular hair cell 13 is 60300μm long and has a thick wall. Spiral texture is often seen on the surface of cell wall of non-glandular hair. ② There are 6 1 1 cells in the head of glandular scale, which are oblate, with a diameter of 6 194μm and extremely short stipe cells. ③ There are few glandular hairs, with 24 cells in the head and 2532μm in diameter, and l2 cells in the handle. The diameter of calcium oxalate cluster crystal is 465438±07 μm m.
3.9 The fresh leaves of Flos Rhododendri contain flavonoids (3,5,7,4' tetramethoxyflavone), 3,5,7,4' pentamethoxyflavone (3,5,7,3', 4' pentamethoxyflavone). 7,3' tetramethoxyflavone), 3,4,7,3' tetramethoxyflavone (3,4,7,3' tetramethoxyflavone). It also contains triterpenoids: ursolic acid, 2α, 3α dihydroxy ursolic acid (2α, 3α dihydrous 12β acid). It also contains phytosterols and their glycosides, condensed tannins, neutral resin, sugar, magnesium, calcium and iron salts.
3. 10 pharmacological action 1. Hemostasis: Callicarpa injection can increase platelets and shorten bleeding time, blood clot contraction time and thrombin time. Frog's mesentery shows vasoconstriction. Dropping Callicarpa solution on the intestinal wall of rabbits can cause intense spasm and contraction of the intestine, and the serosa changes from pink to white, which can shorten the bleeding time of rabbits. No.35 hemostatic powder with Callicarpa Callicarpa extract as the main medicine has hemostatic effect on liver and spleen trauma and gunshot wound in dogs.
2. Antibacterial effect: Callicarpa has inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus.
3. 1 1 Identification Physical and chemical identification (1) Take Du Hong mosaic fragments 1g, add 30ml of water, soak in water bath for 2 hours, and filter. (1) take 1ml filtrate, add 12 drops of 2% ferric chloride ethanol solution to produce blue-black precipitate, and shake it gently, and the solution is blue-green. Take another solution and put it on the filter paper. After drying, dip it in potassium ferricyanide ferric chloride solution, and the spots are dark blue. (Check tann5min) ② Take 65438 0 ml of the above aqueous solution, add 65438 0 ml of Fehling solution, and heat it in boiling water bath for 5 minutes to produce red precipitate. (Check reducing sugar) ③ Take the above aqueous solution lml, add 23 drops of 5% α naphthol ethanol solution, shake well, and slowly add 0.5ml concentrated sulfuric acid along the tube wall to produce a purple color ring at the junction of the test solution and sulfuric acid. (Check polysaccharide and monosaccharide) (2) Take 0.55g of Du Hong mosaic fragments, add 20ml of water, put them in a water bath for reflux 1h, and then filter them. The filtrate was concentrated to dryness, dissolved in 6 ml of methanol and filtered. Take filtrate 1ml, add 45 drops of hydrochloric acid and a small amount of magnesium powder, and the solution is orange. Dot the above filtrate on filter paper, and observe it under purple light (254cm), and the spots are sky blue; Spraying with aluminum trichloride ethanol solution showed bright yellow fluorescence. (check flavonoids)
3. 12 is bitter; cool
3. 13 function is mainly used for astringency and hemostasis; Clearing away heat and toxic materials. Main hematemesis; Hemoptysis; Bleeding; Bloody stool; Urinating blood; Gum bleeding; Collapse and leakage; Skin purpura; Traumatic bleeding; Carbuncle swelling poison; Snakebite; burn
3. Usage and dosage of14 Callicarpa Callicarpa Oral: decocted,10/5 g (fresh 3060 g); Or on the ground, 1.53g 13 times a day. External use: appropriate amount, freshly pounded; Still studying until the end.
3. 15 Supplement ① Treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding: dried leaves of Callicarpa formosana scored three to five points. Cold boiled water once every four hours; After using dried Callicarpa powder, it is decocted in water and often used for tea. ② Treatment of hemoptysis: five to seven points at the end of dried leaves of Callicarpa formosana. Adjust the egg white and take it every four hours; After using dried Callicarpa leaves, decoct them with water and drink them regularly without drinking tea. ③ Treatment of epistaxis: dried leaves of Callicarpa formosana cost two yuan. Adjust eggs and clean clothes; Sterilized cotton for external use is dipped in leaves and stuffed in the nose. ④ Treatment of traumatic bleeding: fresh Callicarpa leaves are washed with cold boiled water, mashed evenly and applied to the wound; Or grinding and applying dried Callicarpa leaves, and wrapping with sterile gauze. (1) Fujian folk herbs are announced as follows) (5) Treatment of internal injuries and traumatic bleeding: fresh Callicarpa leaves and true fruits, rock sugar. Stew in boiling water and take it twice. ("Mindong Materia Medica") 6 Treat all sore throat: take one or two fresh Callicarpa leaves. Wash and water two bowls, stir-fry a bowl of clothes, or stir-fry tea. ("Minnan Folk Herbal Medicine") 7 Treatment of bleeding after tooth extraction: Dip sterilized cotton into the end of Callicarpa leaf and plug it. ("Fujian Folk Herbs") 8 Treatment of pink eye: Take the first one or two fresh Callicarpa herb. Wash and cut into pieces, water two bowls and stir-fry a bowl of clothes. ("Minnan Folk Herbs")
3. 16 Various expositions 1. Addendum to Materia Medica: Solve all kinds of poison, carbuncle, laryngitis, toxic swelling, lower fistula, snake bite, rabies poison and boiled juice; Also boil juice to wash sores and reduce swelling, remove blood and grow skin.
2. "Fujian folk herbs": promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, stopping bleeding, diminishing inflammation and relieving depression.
3. List of Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources: Treating Spleen Deficiency and Clearing Heat. At the end of grinding, the skin is itchy and painful, and it kills insects.
4. Illustration of Chinese Medicinal Plants: It has good curative effect on esophageal venous bleeding, gastrointestinal ulcer bleeding, nosebleed, traumatic injury, pulmonary bleeding, tooth extraction bleeding, etc.
5. "Mindong Materia Medica": Treating metrorrhagia and leukorrhagia, aversion to cold and fever.
3. Clinical application of17 Callicarpa formosana. Hemostasis: The following different dosage forms are used for oral administration, injection and topical application: 1. 1. The powder is taken orally 12g each time, three times a day; Or 15g each time and 6 10g daily. It can also be used topically to treat epistaxis, traumatic hemorrhage and hemorrhage after tooth extraction.
1.2. The dried Callicarpa Callicarpa extract was made into 10% solution, and then made into hemostatic gauze, which was used for hemostasis in various operations.
1.3. The injection is made from Callicarpa Callicarpa leaves by ethanol extraction, and each 2ml is equivalent to 2g of crude drug. Intramuscular injection of 2ml each time, twice a day. In addition, it can also be made into decoction, tablet, etc. The preparation is clinically applied to hemoptysis, hematemesis, nosebleed, gingival hemorrhage, hematuria, hematochezia, functional uterine hemorrhage, traumatic hemorrhage and bleeding from various surgical wounds, and has hemostatic effect. According to the observation of 80 cases of active bleeding below moderate level, the total effective rate of oral powder and injection is 95%. Especially for gastrointestinal bleeding and respiratory bleeding. For gastrointestinal bleeding, oral administration is faster than injection; The medication time is generally 28 days, which is faster than the commonly used hemostatic drugs in clinic and the course of treatment is shorter. But for massive bleeding, the curative effect is not good, and other hemostatic drugs need to be used. However, oral powder and decoction can also be used to treat esophageal variceal bleeding, and the hemostatic effect can be achieved quickly. For the treatment of traumatic bleeding, we can quickly stop bleeding by dusting or tamping fresh grass, or pressing the bleeding site with sterilized gauze soaked in Callicarpa. Used for bleeding after tooth extraction. According to the observation of 469 cases, most of them can stop bleeding immediately after taking the medicine, which is faster than the general alveolar compression hemostasis method. It was used to stop bleeding in 164 cases of various operations. Except for 12, the bleeding point of incision and wound surface can be stopped within 13 minutes without hemostatic forceps, ligation or suture. And there are no effective cases of rebleeding on the operating table or postoperative rebleeding, which can shorten the operation time. At the same time, Callicarpa liquid can also prevent and reduce wound infection, and there is no 1 case infection in the use cases. However, for patients with jet bleeding from incision arterioles, ligation is still needed to stop bleeding. The hemostatic effect of Callicarpa Callicarpa seems to lie in contracting blood vessels, promoting platelet coagulation and hemostasis, and reducing blood vessel permeability. It can also stabilize blood pressure in patients with mild shock. Through animal experiments, it is considered that Callicarpa Callicarpa can promote blood coagulation, directly contract intestinal blood vessels, and indirectly compress blood vessels to stop bleeding through intestinal contracture.
2. Treatment of burns: mix Sanhuang powder (rhubarb, scutellaria, phellodendron, etc. ) Apply Callicarpa (1: 1) to the wound surface (not too thick), and form a thin scab after drying. If the scab has cracks, falls off, or has secretions, it should be removed in time and reapplied. Under normal circumstances, the scab does not need to be peeled off, and the wound can fall off by itself after healing. At the same time, rehydration, hangmycin and traditional Chinese medicine were used. According to 1 1 case observation, it has the functions of controlling wound infection, reducing exudation and promoting the healing of first and second degree burns.
3. Hemorrhoid treatment: A dry hemorrhoid liquid (containing 250g of Callicarpa, 3g of alum per 100ml) was made from Callicarpa, and 576 cases of internal hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoids and annular hemorrhoids were treated by injection. Results The cure rate was 56 1 case (97.3%), and the improvement rate was 15 cases (2. Mixed hemorrhoids and circular hemorrhoids need to be treated by stages because of their complicated conditions. When injecting, directly puncture the hemorrhoid core above the tooth line with a fine needle. When you feel a certain "floating feeling" (to prevent injection into the muscle layer), withdraw it slightly. If there is no blood return, you can inject the liquid medicine. Each hemorrhoid nucleus can be injected with 0.3 1 ml according to its size. If there are several hemorrhoids, it can be injected in/kloc-0 times or in batches according to the specific situation of the patient. After internal hemorrhoid injection, the hemorrhoid nucleus shrank about 13 days later and became dark blue spindle induration with smooth surface and healing. A few cases were cured within 1 week. After the injection of mixed hemorrhoids, sometimes the liquid medicine spreads under the skin, causing inflammation and edema of external hemorrhoids, and then the inflammation and edema subside, and the hemorrhoid nucleus atrophy disappears and is cured; This local change mainly occurs in severe cases, and its cure time is slightly longer than that of those without inflammatory reaction. The local changes of circular hemorrhoid after injection are basically the same as those of mixed hemorrhoid, but it takes a long time to cure because of its serious condition, violent reaction. After injection, some patients had chills 1030 minutes. Urinary retention in 2 cases; Two cases were caused by over-injection and dental floss injection, respectively, which caused inflammation of ischiorectal fossa and local infection and suppuration.
3. 18 from Chinese materia medica
Notoginseng Xueshangning Powder plus Callicarpa: Notoginseng Radix, Paris polyphylla, Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, Callicarpa macrophylla and its extract, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Herba Violae, Borneolum Syntheticum, and Cinnabaris: the above eight prescriptions except Zhu. ...
Fuyanling Capsule Phonetic Name: Fuyanling Capsule Prescription: Callicarpa Leaves Borate Sophora Flavescentis Camphora Agrimonia Alumen Stemona Borneolum Cnidium Benzalkonium Bromide. ...
Zhixuening tablets: WS3B378 198 Prescription: Panax notoginseng1g Callicarpa purpurea 370g Portulaca oleracea 370g Sophora japonica (fried) 148g carbonized blood. ...
Callicarpa blood eye standard number: WS3B243597 Prescription: Callicarpa leaves 500g Preparation method: Take Callicarpa leaves, decoct them in water for three times, and combine them. ...
Traumatic injury wine 0g kudingcha 20g Hei Hu root 30g Osmanthus fragrans root 30g Callicarpa macrophylla 20g production method: pulverize the above twelve medicines into coarse powder, and add Chinese liquor 16. ...
There are many recipes for using Callicarpa.
A Chinese patent medicine, Sanqi Xueshangning Powder, made from Callicarpa, is a prescription of Shangning Powder, which comprises Notoginseng Radix, Rhizoma Paridis, Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii, Callicarpa macrophylla and its extract, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Fructus Violae, Veratrum nigrum, Borneolum Syntheticum and Cinnabaris. ...
Fuyanling Capsule Phonetic Name: Fuyanling Capsule Prescription: Callicarpa Leaves Borate Sophora Flavescentis Camphora Agrimonia Alumen Stemona Borneolum Cnidium Benzalkonium Bromide. ...
Prescription of Sanqi Xueshangning Capsule: Radix Notoginseng, Rhizoma Hedyotidis Diffusae, Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii Preparata, Callicarpa Chinensis, and veratrum nigrum. Preparation method: grinding the above seven medicines into fine borneol; part ...
Di Zi Coagulation Powder dosage form: 4g per bottle. The main components of Di Zi coagulation powder are Callicarpa macrophylla and Dictyophora dictyophylla. The main functions of Di Zi Coagulation Powder are: clearing away heat and cooling blood, astringing and stopping bleeding. ...
Zidiningxuesan Zidiningxuesan prescription: Callicarpa macrophylla and Paeonia macrophylla preparation method: decoct the above two ingredients in water twice, the first time is 1.5. ...
More Chinese patent medicines use Callicarpa.
Compendium of Materia Medica of Callicarpa bodinieri: [Volume 36 of Mubu] Bauhinia (Kaibao in Song Dynasty) was corrected and incorporated into Callicarpa bodinieri. Explain the name of Callicarpa Callicarpa ("tonic"), the skin name is soft red ("outline"), and it is internalized. time ...
Materia Medica: [Volume 14] Bauhinia interplanting is gorgeous and lovely. (Attached) Minister Yuxi and others are willing to open the cloud according to Chen Zang: Callicarpa, cold. Mainly solve all kinds of poisons, carbuncle, laryngitis, flying corpse, swelling and snake sting. ...
Compendium of Materia Medica: [Volume 21] The wood is like Vitex negundo leaves, the flowers are small, and it is purple-black, or the name of Tian Yun Bauhinia seedlings (recorded by famous doctors). ...
"Gouyuan Materia Medica": [Volume 24 Fructus Aurantii] Bauhinia is soft. Beautiful purple flowers bloom in spring. The flowers are blooming. Make it for Qiu Zi. As round as a purple pearl. Pedicels and flowers. The sense of smell has the same function. It tastes bitter. Gas level. Purple decreases. ...
Puji Fang: [Volume 60 Laryngeal Gate] Sore throat (attached)