stay up late or all night on New Year's Eve
origin
It is an interesting custom for China people to keep watch on New Year's Eve during the Spring Festival. It is said that the original purpose of keeping watch on New Year's Eve is to drive away "evil beasts". Later, with the change of history, people gradually forgot the significance of driving away "evil beasts", and New Year's Eve was given new meanings: First, it means energy, and staying up all night on New Year's Eve symbolizes good health in the coming year, and all diseases will not invade; The second is to cherish time. Ten thousand ancient books Miscellaneous Notes say: "It's a pity to sit together on New Year's Eve"; Third, the longevity of young people is to add longevity to their elders. In the Song Dynasty, there was a saying among the people that "Master Dong lived long and his mother lived long". Now it has become an annual family gathering for people to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.
When did shou sui originate? The Chronicle of the Middle Qin Dynasty at the Age of Years contains: "There were no words in the three generations of ancient books until Du Fu's poem" Keeping the Year at Home "in the Tang Dynasty, and it was suspected that" keeping the Year at Axian's house, the pepper plate has sung flowers "began in the Tang Dynasty." . There are records of "feeding the old", "separating the old", "separating the old" and "guarding the old" in the local customs of the Jin Dynasty and the early Zhou Dynasty. There are many descriptions of observing age customs in Tang poetry. Bai Juyi's poem "Stay in the Year" says: "Stay in the Year without wine, and homesickness is full of tears." Meng Haoran has a poem, "Continue to draw candles, and then have a long banquet in the old days". In the Song Dynasty, the concept of providing for the aged spread all over urban and rural areas. Su Dongpo's "Children are strong and don't sleep, and they are happy at night" describes the scene of keeping old. In the Song Dynasty, Meng Lao Yuan's Dream of Tokyo recorded: "On New Year's Eve ... the houses of ordinary people sit around the stove, which is called Shounian." Interestingly, in Japan, Vietnam, Thailand and so on. Due to the influence of China, there is a saying of observing the old age on New Year's Eve, and even Europe, America and Africa have similar customs. As the saying goes, "gold is easy to get, but youth is hard to stay." Love life and cherish time, which may be the reason why the whole world keeps aging! Xi Qi Zhen said in the poem "Keeping the Year": "Invite Ashan's family to keep the Year, and the wax torch will turn to ashes in Bisha, Anh Hong; Thirty-six years have passed, and I cherish the years since this night. " Is an example.
The "longevity" of observing the old year means nostalgia for the past old year and hope for the coming new year. "One night for two years, five classes for two years", relatives and friends sat around the fire, while the old cloth was new. Looking back on the past and looking forward to the future is not without benefits. Xin, a scholar in the Yuan Dynasty, wrote a biography of talented people in the Tang Dynasty, which recorded the wonderful story of Jia Dao's "New Year's Eve Sacrifice Poem": Every New Year's Eve, Jia Dao "must put his one-year-old work on it, burn incense and worship it again, and propose a toast and say,' It's hard all the year round'." "Every New Year's Eve, he will sum up the gains and losses of the past year. Can't we learn from it? If "the wave of thirty-six years old has passed" and the years from this night have not been "partial", then "guarding the age" will lose its meaning.
Ancient poems about viewing the new year
Throughout the ages, countless scholars have described the custom of "observing the age".
Liang Xu wrote in the poem "Wife Sitting at Night Watching Life":
Don't stop drinking if you are not enthusiastic enough.
Peaches in wine, bayberry in zongzi.
Open the curtain and enter the account, and the candle will burn ash.
Don't worry about the thick sideburns, because Guang Xiao will destroy them.
This reflects in many ways the sight of people waiting for dawn on New Year's Eve more than 400 years ago.
More funds will be raised in winter, and barrel handles will return in spring.
Greetings are separated overnight, and the guest temple is destroyed for two years.
Li Deyu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, described people staying up all night on New Year's Eve.
Another poet in the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Yue, said that the poem "Qinzhou Shousui" vividly reproduces the homesickness of those wanderers who can't reunite with their families on New Year's Eve due to official duties or other reasons:
So, the New Year is over tonight, and the New Year will come tomorrow.
Sorrow with bucket handle, the northeast of spring.
In the Song Dynasty, it was even more popular to keep watch on New Year's Eve. The famous phrase written by Su Dongpo, a great writer, such as "Children are strong and sleepless, and the night comes noisily", shows the noisy scene of children's vigil on New Year's Eve. As for the palace or some wealthy families, it is naturally much more luxurious to keep watch on New Year's Eve than ordinary families.
Li Shimin once wrote a poem entitled "Shousui":
The setting sun shines obliquely on the splendid palace of Jinbi, and the years make the palace more beautiful.
At the end of the year, winter snow and winter snow melt, and it seems that a warm spring breeze blows in the warm palace.
Huge red candles are lit and look like a bunch of flowers.
* * * Spring Festival, send you all night.
Du Fu, another poet in the Tang Dynasty, also wrote a poem "Keeping the Year", which vividly shows the scenes of talking and laughing and being drunk and red when the dignitaries keep the Year:
In winter and winter, the prince and grandson of Di Zi hold royal banquets.
The Milky Way in Que Palace brushes the trees low, and the lanterns and candles in the palace smoke the sky.
Play the plum wind on the string and explore the biography of cypress wine.
If you want to sing longevity to Jacky, stay for a while and enjoy it before spring.
In Hanshan Temple in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, there is a custom of "ringing the bell every year". At midnight on New Year's Eve, the bell rang 108 to eliminate the world 108 kinds of troubles.
Zhang Ji, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, vividly described this in a night-mooring near maple bridge:
Crows fell on the moon, crowed coldly, slept on maple trees, and slept in fishing lanes by the river.
In the lonely Hanshan Temple outside Suzhou, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship.
Today, when people watch the vigil on New Year's Eve, they are all immersed in happiness and joy, listening to the sound of the bells of Hanshan Temple and thinking about relatives and friends far away.
Wu Jia New Year's Day
(clear) hole
Xiao Shu's white hair is not full of ups and downs, and the old-age stove actually sleeps.
Cut the candles and dry the midnight wine, and spent all the money to buy spring money.
Listen to the childlike innocence of burning firecrackers and see the change of peach blossom characters.
Add a plum blossom to the drum horn to celebrate the New Year in Lian Xiao.
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This winter is the best, and tomorrow is another long year. (Dong Sigong: "Shou Sui")
One legend is that ...
In order to provide food, clothing and shelter for the people all over the world, God opens the bad door on New Year's Eve every year and scatters the gold and silver treasures in the warehouse all over the world. This is the folklore "New Year's Eve, the sky opened, and gold and silver fell from the sky." By then, gold will be everywhere, and bricks, tiles, stones and eggs can be turned into gold and silver. But one thing must be remembered, that is, we must not be greedy. You must put away what you find in the house before you can open the door after the cock crows.
There are two brothers in Wangjiazhuang who live in the same yard. The boss loves money like life, and the second is honest and kind. For thirty nights, the two brothers sat in their rooms, waiting for the south gate to open. The boss was afraid that there were few bricks in front of his house, so he moved to his house and put everything that could be turned into gold and silver in it. As soon as the bad door opened, he moved to his own house, while the second one waited patiently for the bad door to open.
At midnight, the worse gate opened and everything in the yard became a treasure. The second child is busy transporting it home. When he felt almost enough, he closed the door. The boss was very happy to see the gold and silver all over the yard, and all the bricks and stones turned into gold and silver, while the younger brother only moved a little. He moved around, always trying to move all the gold and silver in the yard into his house, but he was busy moving gold and silver, forgetting the creed of "open the door before the cock crows" The rooster crowed and he was still moving. With the cock crowing for the first time, all the gold and silver in the yard turned into bricks again. Looking at the glittering gold and silver in the second room, the boss didn't know what it was like.
Later, when God found that there were too many greedy people in the world, he was very angry and stopped opening the worse door. However, people want to live a well-off life, and still get together with the whole family on New Year's Eve until dawn, perhaps when the floodgates are even worse. People are also used to setting off "closing (closing) cannons" and "flashing (opening) cannons" to remind people not to forget to close the door and open the door. Put a wooden stick horizontally outside the gate to prevent the outflow of gold and silver in the courtyard. In this way, the custom of "guarding the old age" on New Year's Eve was formed and has been passed down to this day.
Spring Festival customs of all ethnic groups
Folk customs songs of the Spring Festival/question/45251130.html
Supplement:
New Year's Eve, Celebration of the Year and Suppression of the Year by Xiangtan Folk Organizations.
The family came back from all directions to have a reunion dinner, which is called "reunion dinner". It is said that beggars also have New Year's Eve dinners. However, in the old society, the poor had to stay late at night to go home for the New Year. The dinner of the reunion dinner is characterized by that the rice should be cooked more than enough, which is called "waist-deep instep rice", the meat should be "thick floor" and the fish should have a head and a tail. I wish my family a whole year and a surplus in the coming year. Children in infancy or relatives who can't come back are set up with symbolic seats and a cup of chopsticks. All visitors have to stay for dinner, all for intimacy and good luck. If someone dies at the age of 30, it's the most unlucky thing, so keep it a secret.
Keeping the old is always "a fire for thirty nights and a lamp for the Lantern Festival". On New Year's Eve, people in mountainous areas burn big and dry maple trees, which means that the wind will blow away the night for pigs in the coming year. Or burn other trees, the more prosperous the better, and never put out the fire. In order to make children full of vitality, parents will give junior students a small amount of money, which is called "lucky money". Starting from 1980, the "lucky money" market rose, ranging from tens to hundreds of yuan.
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folk song
Invited to stay in Arjun's house, the candle is red and the sand is sprinkled; Thirty-six years have passed, and I cherish the years since this night.
Without next year, my worries will be in vain; Try to do it tonight, and the teenager can still boast.
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Even two years old one night, five classes for two years.
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Nanjing Scenery (Rescued by the Old Man)
Winter goes and spring comes, flowers bloom and fall, and the plan of the year lies in spring. On New Year's Day, Chimonanthus praecox was placed on Tianzhu table, and lotus lanterns were lit in the class. Rich people go out to pay New Year's greetings, wear satin red hats and take a bus, followed by someone. We poor people also pay New Year's greetings, "Congratulations on getting rich" for good luck and just want to live a stable year. On the eighth day of the first month, there is a shrimp lantern festival in Shi Ping Street. A group of young people beat gongs and drums with a seven-character hammer. The fifteenth day of the first month is the Lantern Festival. You can only hit Chengtou once a year on the 16th day of the first month. Zhang Zhidong, an imperial envoy from Beijing, was preoccupied with westernization, and Oriental cars chased back and forth in the street. On February 2, the dragon looked up and picked up his daughter at every door. In March, it was the Qingming Festival, and every family inserted willows at the door, ate and drank gold ingots, and went to the south gate to sweep the grave for sacrifice. There is a kite party in Yuhuatai. The centipede kite is several feet long, and the little kite is ringing its head in the sky. Find the rain flower terrace in the cave and the sarcophagus is full of horses. On March 28th, there was an Dongyue Fair at Shuangqiaomen. Dragon Boat and Phoenix played Yue Xian, and anyone selling sugar cane water chestnuts could play with snakes. On the eighth day of April, there was a release meeting outside Hanximen. There is an ordinary wife of Zhai Gong, holding beads and crucian carp, thinking of Guanyin's mother's compassion. As soon as he entered the door, the monk and Taoist priest took a big copper pot, covered the bowl and made a cup of tea, and the fancy vegetarian meal was served. After dinner, monks and Taoists came to collect bowls. There are forty cents in the bowl, and Amitabha became attached. On the fifth day of May, Dragon Boat Festival, the old dragon in Jinhe got into trouble, and every household hung Zhong Kui, with calamus on the door like a sword. On June 6th, there were long queues of flower boats in Qinhuai River, lotus lanterns were floating on the water, prostitutes in Nanqu and Beiqu were crying, and the Confucius Temple was crowded. The legacy of the Six Dynasties was heartbreaking. On the seventh day of July, bricks will go home and become gold ingots, cowherd and weaver girl will meet on the bridge, and water will be injected into Nv Jiao. On July 15, in Yulan Society, Mu Lian saved her mother and lived alone. On the road, blowing and blowing, counting lotus friends, stretching their necks and screaming like turtles. On the Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th, Emperor Tang Ming committed crimes in the Moon Palace. Tianbao rebellion left the capital, and Ma Yupo killed Queen Yang Guifei. On the ninth day of September, it is Chongyang, and the chrysanthemums on the Arctic Pavilion are fragrant. Everyone climbed the mountain and looked far away, and chrysanthemum wine slept soundly.
In October, everyone burns paper money. The fifteenth day of the winter moon, the full moon. Wendeqiao went to see the half moon, and the left half moon came to the right half moon. Three hours later, it was gone. Eat Laba porridge on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. "Twenty-one" is too soon for Chinese New Year, "Twenty-two, Three, Four" will send the stove, and I will send the stove owner to the Western Heaven. The jade emperor came to ask about human affairs. People in the world are really poor. There are too many poor people, how can we celebrate the New Year? Twenty-five, twenty-six, dust and sweeping the floor in grinding bean curd. On New Year's Eve, firecrackers sounded, red lines were posted on every household, and gatekeepers were posted outside the gate. Weichi Gong has a bad face and a yellow face. They are the generals who guard the door. On New Year's Eve, every family should get together, the whole family should come down to watch the New Year, and the children and grandchildren should bid farewell to the old year. Grandparents were very happy and took out a handful of lucky money. Winter goes and spring comes, and Vientiane is renewed for another year. I sang "Nanjing Custom Scene", so I can only stop here.
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