Common diseases can be caused by abnormal embryonic development, such as constipation caused by congenital factors such as anal atresia and rectal atresia, deafness caused by congenital deafness, and menstrual obstruction caused by vaginal or hymen atresia. It can also be caused by the mixture of excess and deficiency, such as qi deficiency, blood deficiency, body fluid injury to pulp emptiness, qi deficiency and blood stasis, body fluid injury to body fluid and qi stagnation. Qi stagnation, food retention, phlegm accumulation, blood stasis, insect accumulation, cold coagulation and fiery heat, trauma and physical and chemical factors are mostly acquired factors.
The manifestations of diseases and syndromes caused by different parts, different properties and different reasons are quite different. Taking Neijing as an example, the diseases and symptoms related to blood stasis in its chapters mainly include pain, accumulation, swelling, sores, joint pain, syncope, bleeding, asthma, fever, thirst, unconsciousness, abnormal monthly events, color change and abnormal pulse condition. From the essence of blood stasis, the related aspects mainly include microcirculation disturbance, abnormal hemorheology and abnormal connective tissue metabolism.
Due to the wide range of common diseases and pathogenesis, the treatment of intractable diseases should be clearly discussed in the clinical practice of "strictly observing the pathogenesis and performing their duties", such as "the prescription of reconciliation must pass through yin and yang" (Ling Shu. At the beginning), "make up its deficiency, purge its surplus, adjust its deficiency and excess, dredge its meridians and clear its evil" (Lingshu. Evil guest) and "treat your own dirty veins" (Su Wen. Re Lun)。 Qi Ping (Su Wen's classics), nine needles and nine orifices (Su Wen's Jie Zhen), the beauty of five flavors ... each has its own method (Su Wen's theory of six dirty images), Biography and Tongyin General. As for the methods of communication, eight methods of Chinese medicine treatment can be used. If it is because of deficiency, it must be supplemented; if it is because of cold, it must be warm. Take Qing Linghuan's Biography of Medical Truth, for example. Take abdominal pain as an example: "The husband's pain is unreasonable and reasonable, but the way of communication is different. Regulating qi to blood, regulating blood to harmony; It is nothing more than the method of communication to help the weak and warm the cold. If necessary, this will be a general rule. " This paper intends to analyze the common faults as follows.
1 Triple energizer blocked.
"Five flavors of Lingshu": "Bitterness in the stomach, the qi of five grains, can not overcome bitterness, suffering in the lower abdomen, the triple energizer meridian can not be closed, so it becomes vomiting." Because the triple energizer is "the road to Shui Gu, and the gas stops here" (difficult to pass. Thirty-one difficulty), the triple energizer is blocked, so there is vomiting. Lingshu Yingjian Association believes that triple energizer can be divided into upper energizer, middle energizer and lower energizer, and multiple reasons can lead to triple energizer obstruction. For example, "Su Wen Tiaojing Lun" said: "Yang is affected by the qi of the upper energizer, which warms the skin and divides the muscles. The cold is outside, the upper coke is blocked, and the cold is left alone, so the cold is pressing. " "I'm tired, I'm weak, I'm not full of grain, my upper coke is not good, and my lower coke is blocked." This is because the upper coke is blocked due to cold and the lower coke is blocked due to fatigue. In "Su Wen". "On lifting pain" holds that "sadness leads to impatience, lung lifting, obstruction of upper jiao, persistence of camp and health, heat in the middle and qi disappearing."
2 Four Seas Occlusion
Helen Lingshu believes that the four seas refer to the sea of marrow (brain), the sea of blood (impulse), the sea of qi (middle qi) and the sea of water valley (stomach) respectively, while at the entrance of Shui Gu, the five flavors are injected into the sea (the five-stage body fluid of Lingshu), and the body fluid goes its own way, and the physiological body fluid is different from the five. Once the yin and yang are not harmonious, "it will make the body fluid overflow and flow down to the yin, and the pulp fluid will decrease." If you overdo it, you will be empty, so your back hurts. Yin-Yang airway is blocked, the four seas are blocked, triple energizer does not diarrhea, body fluid does not melt, and Shui Gu is in parallel. In the stomach, unlike the ileum, it stays in the lower coke. If it is not allowed to seep into the bladder, the lower jiao will swell, and the overflow is water swelling, which is also the inverse of the five differences of body fluid "(Lingshu. Five different body fluids).
3 five zang-organs are blocked
"Su Wen. Jade machine is really dirty "thinks:" The five internal organs are interlinked and all move twice. If the five internal organs are sick, they will win. " At the same time, Su Wen's theory of six dirty images says: "The heart is connected with the summer heat. Lung qi ... ventilate autumn qi. Kidney ... has something to do with winter air. The liver ... is connected with the qi of spring. Spleen, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, triple energizer bladder ... ". It can be seen that under normal circumstances, the five zang-organs should be interlinked, and the five zang-organs are interlinked with the five qi, but the five zang-organs are not interlinked, which is a symptom, and even fatal in severe cases. Su Wen Re Lun first put forward the theory of "five zang-organs are blocked", saying that "three Yin San yang, all five zang-organs are sick, can't, and if the five zang-organs are blocked, they will die." At the same time, Su Wen Bi Lun also discusses the five zang-organs bi respectively, which refers to the diseases caused by pathogenic factors blocking the five zang-organs (A Concise Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine). Such as "lung paralysis, full asthma and vomiting; Heart blockage leads to pulse blockage, upset leads to heart distension, sudden anger leads to asthma, dryness leads to essence, and anger leads to fear; For patients with liver paralysis, lying down at night will be very surprising, and drinking too much urine will lead to pregnancy; Kidney arthralgia is good at swelling, and the spine is used to replace the heel and head; Patients with spleen paralysis, limbs falling off, coughing and spitting juice, upper part blocked. "As can be seen from the above, in order to maintain its normal functional activities, the five internal organs must be properly stored, and at the same time, they cannot be hindered by evil spirits. The five internal organs are not only suitable for physiological functions (such as heart, mind and blood), otherwise they will have heart disease; If the lung qi is unobstructed, the liver should drain blood and the kidney should be opened and closed), and it should also be clear from the structure of viscera, such as the kidney storing semen, which will overflow when it is full, but not ejaculating is semen blocked for various reasons; Kidney governs water as dirty water, which will inevitably reach the bladder under the action of gasification, and kidney calculi will affect the metabolism of water and liquid, and even lead to incontinence. Su Wen "On Ancient Innocence" also holds that "the kidney governs water and hides in the essence of the five internal organs, so the five internal organs can be full of diarrhea"; The lungs inhale clear air and exhale turbid air. Pneumothorax and tracheal obstruction can lead to dyspnea, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and even suffocation and death. It can be seen that the abnormal physiological function or tissue structure of the five zang-organs can not only cause qi stagnation and blood stasis, but also cause pathological changes such as phlegm coagulation and dampness resistance.
4 the six fu organs are blocked.
"Su Wen Re Lun" says: "The five internal organs are injured, the six internal organs are blocked, and the camp and health are not born. If so, they will die in three days. " Physiologically, the six fu-organs "purge without hiding", "melt without hiding" and "promote qi circulation and decrease smoothness". Taking the stomach fu-organs as an example, the decline of stomach qi is smooth, and the disharmony of stomach qi is adverse, forming the syndrome of stomach qi hyperactivity. Therefore, Ye said: "Spleen should be healthy when ascending, and stomach should be harmonious when descending", and thought that "Fu-organ diseases should be supplemented by general principles" ("Fu Lin-Zang-fu Diseases"), where six fu-organs are blocked, can also cause five-organ diseases. For example, Su Wen. The general comment of the theory of virtual loss said: "the five internal organs are uneven and the six internal organs are impassable."
5 six meridians are impassable
"LingShu. "All diseases begin" points out: "Stay and don't pass it on. At that time, the six meridians were impassable, the limbs were painful, and the back was strong. " These six meridians refer to the three Yin San Yang meridians of the hands and feet, and the qi and blood of the six meridians can't run smoothly due to the evil spirits in the Shu meridians, so the limbs are sore and the waist is hard. Physiologically, "the cold is mild, so the six fu-organs will melt into the valley, without wind stagnation, and the meridians will be smooth and the limbs will be safe" (Soul Pivot, Ben Zang). However, due to various reasons, such as "the shape and number are shocked, the meridians are blocked, the disease is not governed by people, and the medicine is massaged", or "the evil guest is in the fur, enters the sun, stays and does not go, and is blocked.
Liu Yu couldn't get through.
"LingShu. "At the beginning of all diseases" holds that "sudden death is mostly caused by cold, and if internal injuries are caused by anxiety and anger, qi, qi and six meridians will be blocked, warming qi will not work, blood coagulation will not disperse, and body fluid will be astringent, but will not disperse, but accumulate." It shows that no matter what factors cause the pathological changes of accumulation syndrome, they are nothing more than qi stagnation, body fluid and blood stasis, which provides a basis for the future treatment of accumulation syndrome by regulating qi and resolving phlegm, promoting diuresis and promoting blood circulation.
Know nothing about 7
"Lingshu Pulse Degree" said: "The five internal organs are often read from the upper seven orifices, so the lung qi passes through the nose, and the lung is audible; Heart qi communicates with the tongue, and the tongue can know five flavors when the heart is harmonious; Liver qi can clear the eyes, and liver harmony can distinguish five colors; The spleen is in the mouth, and the spleen mouth can know the grains; Kidney-qi leads to the ear, while kidney-harmony leads to five tones. If the five internal organs are not harmonious, there will be no understanding. " It shows that the five zang-organs are hidden inside, and the essence of the five zang-organs passes through the meridians to which they belong. Once the five zang-organs are not harmonious, it will lead to ignorance, such as unfavorable lung qi and stuffy nose. "Confucianism is very important. Volume 6 says: "When I went to Xihua, I suddenly lost my sight and couldn't see anything. Dai Ren said: "This is also a fire. In this regard, The Origin of Miscellaneous Diseases Rhinoceros Candle also thinks that "the heat is depressed in the eyes and there is nothing to see". Deafness or deafness is very common for people who know nothing about their ears. For example, Su Wen. Anger said to heaven, "You can't see if you are blind, but you can't hear if you are closed." In this regard, ancient and modern medical systems believe that "deafness syndrome is caused by airway obstruction, phlegm-fire stagnation and blood stasis." "
8 yin and yang are blocked
In general, "Yin and Yang intersect, like an endless ring" (Lingshu Nutrition Society), "Yin and Yang are combined, but blood gas is so smooth" (Lingshu Walking Needle). Pathological manifestations are: "yin and yang are blocked" (spiritual pivot. Five stages of differentiation of body fluid), "yin and yang are blocked, two heats contend, and purulent" (Lingshu. Emerald version); In treatment, it is believed that "Yin and Yang must be interlinked" (Lingshu. At the end).
9 qi and blood are blocked
"Lingshu Tiannian" pointed out: "Life is ten years old, the five internal organs begin to settle, the qi and blood have passed, and it is easy to go under the qi." "The blood gas has been reconciled, Roewe has passed, the five internal organs have become, the spirit has been abandoned, and the soul has become an adult." Pathologically, the most common diseases are qi stagnation, qi stagnation, qi stagnation and blood stagnation. For example, "the sun is heavy, the sun is not moving to the right, and the air is often blocked, which is the place where the sun is flowing" (Su Wen. Acupuncture "); "Cold into the midnight, but can't cry. The guest is outside the pulse, the blood is less, the guest is in the pulse, and the qi is blocked, so it hurts when you die "(Su Wen. On pain "); "The pulse in the pulse is blocked by blood, which is carbuncle" (Lingshu). Thorn knot ").
10 can't get up or down.
"Su Wen and Diagnosis Final Theory" said: "For those with little yin, the final face is long and dirty, and the abdominal distension is tight, and the upper and lower parts are impassable until the end. At the end of the lunar month, abdominal distension can't stop, just spit, and spit. If you don't reverse it, it will be red. If you don't reverse it, it won't work, and your face will be pasted. " Bing Wang commented on this: "The hand with little yin pulse starts from the heart, belongs to the heart system, and ends in the lower abdomen, so it eventually leads to abdominal distension and tightness, and the upper and lower parts are impassable." "Nausea leads to traffic, so the face is red. If you don't spit, it will be closed, the upper part will be blocked, the heart will burn, and the fur will burn. "
"Su Wen. The General Theory of Virtual Reality says: "If the traffic jam is closed, there will be sudden anxiety diseases. Suddenly fainted and deaf, partially impassable, and the internal gas was violent. " Bing Wang commented on this: "However, those who are worried are blocked by qi, so whether they are closed or not, the qi pulse is broken, and it is blocked up and down."
1 1 is partially blocked.
Partial obstruction is relative to systemic obstruction, such as "choking obstruction" (Su Wen's theory of treating hysteria), "nasal polyp obstruction" (Xie Shu's visceral disease syndrome), "tunnel obstruction" (Su Wengu's naive theory) and "internal obstruction" (Su Wenfeng's theory).
As can be seen from the above, there are quite a wide range of common diseases, some of which are blocked by pathogenic factors (the most common tangible and tangible pathogens are blood stasis, phlegm, stones, ascaris, etc.). ), while others are hindered by the mixture of deficiency or excess, such as "deficiency leads to fullness in the abdomen" (Theory of Dirty Qi) and "Qi and blood are more abundant than water, and fullness leads to smoothness, while deficiency leads to little stagnation".