In the first year of Chenghua (1465), General Yansui's government was able to catch up with and attack Hetao people, and the emperor issued a decree to reward them. Wang Fu thinks it is not appropriate to go to 700 miles, and he is worried that disputes will arise because he hopes to succeed unexpectedly. Please tell him by decree. The emperor thinks he is right. Be promoted to Shangshu.
Chen Jue was originally a painter. By the time of his death, nephew Chen asked to inherit 100 households. Wang Fu said: "It is the order of the first emperor to carry on the family line, but it is not a meritorious military service and should not be allowed." So stop it.
When children invaded the border, the emperor ordered Wang to return to Beijing to inspect Shaanxi border guards. From Yansui to Gansu, observing the terrain, he suggested: "Yansui starts from the bank of the Yellow River in the east and reaches Dingbianying in the west, lingering for more than 2,000 miles. All the risks are in the mainland, but there is no barrier outside, only relying on the dock to defend. But the army is stationed inside and the people live outside. Once the enemy entered the customs, the loyal subjects did not act, and the people were plundered. Coupled with the southwest to Qingyang, more than 500 miles apart, the bonfire can not be connected. The bandits came and people didn't know. Please move 19 fortresses such as Fugu and Xiangshui and put them in important places near the frontier. And from Anbianying to Qingyang, from Dingbianying to Zhou Huan, building a pier every twenty miles is 34 * *. Trenches and city walls are built with the terrain. In order to hear each other's voices quietly, it is easy to defend. " After the throne was presented, the emperor followed his advice.
Wang Fu was reassigned to the Ministry of Industry. Wang Fu strictly abides by laws and regulations, and his reputation exceeds that of the Ministry of War. At that time, China officials asked to build a cloister in the northwest of the imperial city, and Wang Fu proposed to postpone it. Gao Fei also said that disasters are frequent, so it is not appropriate for 10,000 people to do useless things. The emperor will not allow it. The officer in charge led Tengxiang Siwei and asked for a cotton coat and shoes and trousers. Wang Fujian refused, saying, "These things were originally made by the imperial court for the soldiers who went to war, so that they could leave today without bothering to sew them. The Beijing army supplies cloth and cotton for winter clothes every year. This is an established system. How can I change it? " In response to the death of French King Gershbar, China officially requested the construction of temples and towers. Wang Fu said: "All benevolent French kings only build towers, not temples. This system should not be created now. " So he just ordered the tower to be built, or sent 4 thousand soldiers to serve him.
Wang Fuxi likes to learn ancient books, abides by the rules of honesty and restraint, has no talent for dealing with people, is an official and knows everything, and has worked in the Ministry of Industry for 12 years. In the face of disaster, the admonition officer said that he was old and Wang Fu asked to retire. The emperor won't allow it. Two months later, the admonition officer impeached Wang Fu again. Then the emperor issued a decree ordering him to resign and go home. After his death, he was given Prince Taibao and Mi Hao Zhuang Jian.
2. "Xia Meng" reading answer Xia Meng Chen Jing (1) Winter has passed with its solemnity, leaving people not only relaxed, but also faint fatigue; Spring has disappeared with its shyness, leaving people with not only joy, but also a touch of sadness.
Winter is short in Changchun. (2) Xia Huan came running with his passion and enthusiasm.
Therefore, we restless girls can't wait to jump on the wonderful and rich nature and dream a warm dream. (3) After intense study, we went to the fields to find a new artistic conception and a moment of comfort.
(4) Bend down and touch your favorite grass. I have been here in spring, and the tender grass is like a chicken's mouth, a piece of goose yellow.
We can't bear to go for an outing again. Look, now the grass, they stretch out solid arms, hold up the steps of tourists, and give the earth a tone of striving for progress.
Green-the green in summer comes into our eyes. At this time, we really feel that winter is boring, because she has lost her green color; Spring is stingy, only let the wind bring a touch of green; Only in summer can we give our love so generously and selflessly to the earth and to the children full of fantasy.
Oh, the green in summer is so thick and intoxicating, like a huge textile net, enclosing rivers, villages and fields. I wish I could reach out and hug her, but what a beautiful fantasy.
(6) The grass crawls on the ground and sticks out colorful flowers; Goldfish tails with beads and dew, bright red plums, irises flying with wings, and unknown florets are all flourishing and unrestrained, and even our floral skirts will be ashamed. They sway, fluctuate and flicker in the breeze, urging our budding hearts to open.
Guys, tread softly and softly, so as not to wake their beautiful Xia Meng. (7) Walking on the small riverbank, the poplars standing upright on both sides are like poems they wrote in summer.
The wide leaves are shining and politely casting cool shadows, like an endless corridor. We have a shrill voice: "A young boy seldom worries.
Looking at the four Xing Xing lanterns, I hope it will be so good forever ... The wind is chasing us, blowing away the long hair, fluttering at will, half-covering the face flushed with excitement, stirring the youthful mood and flying to the distant sky ... (9) Oh, a winding stream-a silver necklace around the village. Partners fly forward like a flying silver butterfly.
The floating aquatic plants in the river and the pebbles at the bottom of the river all shine with great attraction. We simply took off our shoes, barefoot, happily chasing and frolicking in the water, shouting and laughing loudly-we have no scruples.
Why are you worried? Since you like to do it, you can't let your feelings suffer. (10) We like this! (1 1) This is the charm of summer and the interest of nature.
(12) Suddenly, a wisp of delicate fragrance floated in, blending into the innocence and longing of the girl. Oh, it's the scent of clusters of wild flowers, and we close our eyes gently ... 17. In order to highlight the charm of summer, we compare it with winter and spring in many places. Please find out the different characteristics of the three seasons in the text.
(Capture key words to answer) (6 points) Winter: Spring: Summer: 18. What scenery does the article describe in summer? What thoughts and feelings did the author express? (4 points) 19. The language of this article is very distinctive. Please choose an example in the underlined sentence of the article as a language appreciation note. You can appreciate its characteristics in terms of words, sentence patterns and techniques. )
(4 points) Remarks: 20. (10) What exactly does "like this" mean in paragraph "We like this"? From the way people are happy in summer, we naturally think of a famous article about Xiangzi's misery in the hot summer sun and heavy rain. Which famous book and author did this famous article come from? (4 points) 2 1. In paragraph (6) and the following paragraphs of Zhu Ziqing's article Spring, metaphors, personification and parallelism are used to describe the richness, richness and beauty of flowers from three aspects: shape, color and state. In addition, can you distinguish the differences between these two paragraphs in writing objects and techniques? (6 points) Peach trees, apricot trees and pear trees are all in full bloom, and you won't let me or I won't let you. Red is like fire, pink is like chardonnay and white is like snow.
Flowers are sweet; When I closed my eyes, the tree seemed to be covered with peaches, Xinger and pears. Hundreds of bees are buzzing under the flowers, and butterflies of different sizes are flying around.
Wildflowers are everywhere: miscellaneous, named and unnamed, scattered in the grass, like eyes, like stars, still flashing. 17. Winter is solemn and long, and it is flat and tasteless without green; (2 points) Spring is shy and short, only a touch of green is stingy; (2 points) Summer is hot and sincere, generous and green.
(2 points) 18. Grass, wildflowers, poplars and streams. (2 points) Love summer and embrace nature.
(2 points) 19. Example (1): Paragraph (7) describes poplars standing upright on both sides, and vividly writes their poetic ideas from different angles with two appropriate metaphors of "poetic lines" and "promenade", which reproduces the charm and interest of summer. Example (2): The word "flash" in paragraph (9) is very dynamic and used properly, which coincides with the "river" in front and the "scenic spot" behind.
There are many answers, which can be appreciated from the wording, sentence making and techniques. Select the example 1 and analyze 3 ***4. )
20. We simply took off our shoes, barefoot, happily chasing and frolicking in the water, shouting and laughing loudly (2 points). (2 points) 2 1. Paragraph (6) of this article is about summer flowers. (1) Compared with flowers, floral skirts highlight the colorful beauty of summer flowers. (2 points) Zhu Ziqing's Spring is about spring flowers. (1 min) It is a gratifying sight to write the fruit of a flower on a tree with imagination. Use bees and butterflies to set off the sweetness and business of spring flowers.
(2 points) (If the answer is multiple, it makes sense, and if you write a little in spring, you can get 2 points).
3. Read the following classical Chinese and complete the following questions: Li. The answer to the youth problem in Taiyuan, Bingzhou is 1D, 2C, 3D, 4( 1). Just as former general Wang Shouen was mourning at home, Zhang Congen entrusted him with the funeral, but he ran away.
(2) Killing the Khitan emissary and recommending Wang Shouen is for the country. Now, if you hurt others, it is not my original intention to benefit yourself. "Analysis of the answer to the question 1: There are structural analysis, grammatical analysis, distinguishing meaning by form, grammatical method and textbook method to answer the real word question. The best way to answer this question is to substitute the given meaning into the original text and deduce it according to the semantics of the context.
Item d of this question, right: agent. Test center: understand the meaning of common content words in classical Chinese in the text.
The ability level is to understand B. Question 2 Test analysis: This question examines the sentence-breaking ability of simple classical Chinese.
The most fundamental way to break sentences and sentences in classical Chinese is to read more and recite more to form a sense of language. With a certain sense of language, when you read a pause, you will naturally pause without thinking hard.
Sentence breaking and punctuation also emphasize certain skills. When doing the problem, we should grasp the accurate semantics and judge according to the grammatical structure and logical rules. To solve this problem, we must first understand the general idea of the sentence, and only by understanding the general idea can we break the sentence.
Test center: Understand and translate the sentences in the text. The ability level is understanding B.
Question 3 test analysis: when answering such questions, you must read carefully. If you want to go back to the original text and compare sentence by sentence, you must be calm when reading. According to the meaning of the text, try to distinguish the right and wrong of each option.
Special attention should be paid to the minor faults, such as the inversion of events, incomplete content induction, central generalization fiction, one-sided omission, forced pull and hard connection, arbitrary elevation and so on. In the option of this question, "Li was arrested by his subordinates" is wrong.
The original text says, who is afraid of running away when Li is ordered to be arrested. Test center: summarize the main points of the content and summarize the central meaning.
The ability level is analysis and synthesis C. The fourth question analysis: This question examines the ability to understand and translate sentences. When answering, first go back to the context, understand the overall meaning of the sentence according to the context, and then think about the assignment point that the proposer may determine. First of all, you must find out the key content words and function words to see if there are any special sentence patterns, and use the methods of "leaving", "deleting", "changing" and "supplementing", with literal translation as the main and free translation as the auxiliary.
According to the norms of modern Chinese, the translation content should be properly adjusted to make the sentence fluent, especially the accurate understanding of key notional words and function words and the flexible use of parts of speech, so as to make the whole sentence fluent and reasonable and reach the standard of "faithfulness and elegance". This topic should master the translation of the following keywords: (1) Hui, Wei, Dunge 1 point, 2 points for sentence meaning; (2) "Gai", "Ji" and "Su Xin" 1 point, with a sentence meaning of 2 points.
Test center: Understand and translate the sentences in the text. The ability level is understanding B.
Li, a native of Taiyuan, Bingzhou. He lost his father when he was a child and lived in poverty. He sells things to support his mother. Jinzu was fighting in Hemen, and Li recruited his men.
Victory in the battle, and gradually promoted to a military school. Follow Li Shouzhen's crusade against Yang Guangyuan, Qingzhou, and bravely take the lead in boarding the city. The flying stone hit his head and his breathing was interrupted for a long time.
During the sailing year, he followed Du Zhongwei to resist the Qidan in Yangcheng, and an arrow pierced his palm. Li smiled and fought another arrow. Because of his meritorious service, he was promoted to the commander of Suri.
When Khitan entered the Central Plains, Li led the troops stationed in Luzhou, and the coach Zhang Conggen was about to give up the city and go to Khitan. Just as the general Wang Shouen was mourning at home, Zhang Congen entrusted him with the funeral and fled by himself. When the Khitan emissary arrived and monopolized the state affairs, Wang Shouen could do nothing.
Li angrily said to his subordinates, "We people are food hanging in the jaws of death, and our lives are at stake. Now we want to kill the messenger and save the city. Not only to escape, but also to make contributions. Can you do it? " Everyone said with excitement and joy, "How dare you disobey orders?
"So, he led the troops, rushed into the state government office building loudly, killed the messenger, chose Wang Shouen as the commander, and reported the situation. Han zu listened to his request and ordered Shi to lead his troops across the Yellow River to Luzhou first. When he met Li, he said to him, "It is your credit that you can recover this state.
I'm going to kill Wang Shouen, and you're in command, okay? Li replied: "Killing the Khitan emissary and choosing Wang Shouen is for the country. It's not my original intention to harm others and benefit myself now. "
Shi thinks he is unusual, and he is also the commander of the vanguard "ma bu" or horse stance just look. After crossing Zezhou, the secretariat Zhai Lingqi reinforced the fortress and refused to surrender. Li rode to the city gate and told him, "Now the Khitan has fled to the north, and there is no owner in the world, and Bing Gong Liu is in charge of the righteous cause and pacified the Central Plains. Wherever he went, he was invincible and later surrendered to Zhu Zu's family. Why not plan this as soon as possible?
"ZhaiLingJi this just open the gate to meet. When Li stayed, he was the secretariat of Zhongzhou, and Han Zu was the secretariat.
When Li Shouzhen was conquered, Li was appointed as the ambassador of the battalion. Pacify the river, for Huaizhou secretariat.
Zhou Zu opened up territory and followed Murong Yan's conquest, and was also the messenger of Du Haozhai. Because of his work, he was awarded the Mingzhou Yong ying ambassador, participated in the recovery of Qin and Phoenix, and was awarded the Laizhou secretariat instead. After pacifying Huainan, it was transferred to Erzhou, where it made great achievements.
There is an imperial edict to re-establish the land rent. Ma Tao, the former county magistrate of Mu Ping County, whose household registration belongs to Wendeng County, concealed these crops and ordered them to be arrested and then reported. Ma Tao was afraid of running away, and since then, the territory has been stable and peaceful.
In the early Song Dynasty, Li Ruchao was the right general of Wuwei, and later he was promoted to the left general. Kaibao died eight years ago at the age of 72.
4. Luo Biyuan's original answer to classical Chinese
Luo Biyuan, named Fu Heng, is a wise man in Longxing. Jiading ten-year scholar. Diao Xianning Wei, Fuzhou Judicial Joining the Army, Chongren Cheng, Regaining Justice. The magistrate once talked about Longping, Prime Minister Shi and Daozhou in Jinling Palace, which made officials extremely embarrassed. To release its bondage and make it better. When Zhen participated in the discussion, he must adjust the book and say, "Old doctors have tasted the clouds. Although typhoid fever is bad, Shen Du soup can save it, but all of them are alive." Mr. Wang's unique ginseng chicken soup today? "Fuzhou observation push officer. Li Yu, a powerful family, will win the people's pear garden, and he is straightforward; If you become an official, you will regret it privately. Yes, yugan county. Zhao palace is arrogant, and the slaughter before and after is mostly crowded. It is also straightforward to take the tomb of Ruyu as a mountain. Zhou said, "What harm will it do if you stop? "People are strong, the wind is strong.
In the spring, Ganzhou was sentenced. Jia sidao always leads the mirror lake, and he peels it to the extreme. Be modest, thinking that it hurts the country and the people, such as the topic. I changed my understanding of Tingzhou, and then I went to work in the Grain Institute at Daquan Ding's suggestion. Qiantang was troubled by sea urchins and floating houses, and called on the alchemist to govern. Everyone was enthusiastic. It is necessary to stop it on the RMB issue. The emperor summoned him and said, "Looking at the plum blossom poems of Qing Dynasty is enough to know the ambition of Qing Dynasty." Du Zong acceded to the throne, taking Zhang Bao Pavilion and Dr. Zong Xue as ministers. At the age of 91. Bi Yuan's Learning from Time and Bao Xun's Learning from Time are the most original, with clear understanding and noble moral integrity. So far, the villagers still respect Mu Zhiyun.
translate
Luo Biyuan, whose real name is Fu Heng, is from Jinxian County, Longxing Prefecture. Jiading entered the Jinshi in the ten-year exam. He was transferred to Xianning County Commandant, Fuzhou Judicial Officer to join the army, and Chongren County Cheng, who was in charge of justice. Once, a local scholar wrote an inscription on the dragon screen of Jinling Palace, which offended Prime Minister Shi and was sent to Daozhou. The beadle who escorted him was very unkind to him. Luo Biyuan untied him and let him reach his destination smoothly. Zhen occupies an important position. Luo Biyuan wrote to him and said, "An old doctor once said that only Shen Du soup can save lives for serious diseases such as typhoid fever, but there is no doubt that you can survive after taking this medicine. Sir, are you the only one who participated in the soup today? " Later, he was transferred to Fuzhou to observe the promotion. Li Yu, a powerful family, robbed the litchi orchard of the civilians, and Luo Biyuan was also hit. Later, Li Yu became an admonisher, so he was disgusted with his official. Later, he became an official in yugan county. Zhao Fu Wang Mi was arrogant in the local area, and most of the former officials were excluded and framed by him. After Luo Biyuan came to power, because Zhao Ruyu's grave occupied the mountains of the surrounding civilians, he supported the civilians and said to the state officials, "I am just a small official. What's the big deal about my dismissal? " People cheered for him even more.
During the Chunyou years, I worked as a judge in Ganzhou. Jia Sidao always leads Jinghu Lake, and his exploitation is extremely severe. Luo Biyuan is a scholar who thinks that he has eroded the national pulse and hurt people's lives. Jia Sidao hates him (for it). He was appointed as a well-known official in Tingzhou, and was investigated by the suggestion Daquan Ding, and then he resumed his post in the grain and grass institute. In Qiantang County, there was a kind of sea urchin that flooded houses. The alchemist was ordered to control this harm and encourage everyone to do so. Luo Biyuan tried his best to stop it. The emperor summoned him and said, "Look at your plum blossom poem, it is enough to understand your ambition." When Du Zong acceded to the throne, Luo Biyuan retired as a doctor of religious studies and was with Zhangge, the treasure. At the age of 9 1 year. Luo Biyuan studied under Wei Bao and Bao Xun. His knowledge is the most original, his theory is clear and his manners are very high. Up to now, the villagers still respect and admire him.
5. Li's translation of The History of Song Dynasty is guaranteed to be accurate. I hope it can be adopted. Thank you! Li, a native of Taiyuan, Bingzhou.
He lost his father when he was a child and lived in poverty. He sells things to support his mother. Jinzu was fighting in Hemen, and Li recruited his men. Win battles in succession and enter the military academy.
Follow Li Shouzhen's crusade against Yang Guangyuan, Qingzhou, and bravely take the lead in boarding the city. The flying stone hit his head and his breathing was interrupted for a long time. During the sailing year, he followed Du Zhongwei to resist the Qidan in Yangcheng, and an arrow pierced his palm. Li smiled and fought another arrow.
Because of his meritorious service, he was promoted to the commander of Suri. When Khitan entered the Central Plains, Li led the troops stationed in Luzhou, and the coach Zhang Conggen was about to give up the city and go to Khitan. Just as the general Wang Shouen was mourning at home, Zhang Congen entrusted him with the funeral and fled by himself.
When the Khitan emissary arrived and monopolized the state affairs, Wang Shouen could do nothing. Li angrily said to his subordinates, "We people are food hanging in the jaws of death, and our lives are at stake. Now we want to kill the messenger and save the city.
Not only to escape, but also to make contributions. Can you do it? "Everyone said happily," how dare you disobey orders? "So he led the troops under his jurisdiction to shout into the state capital, killed the emissary, elected Wang Shouen as commander in chief, and reported the situation.
Han zu listened to his request and ordered Shi to lead his troops across the Yellow River to Luzhou first. When he met Li, he said to him, "It is your credit that you can recover this state. I'm going to kill Wang Shouen, and you're in command, okay? " Li replied: "Killing the Khitan emissary and choosing Wang Shouen is for the country.
Now, if I hurt others and gain benefits myself, that's not my original intention. "Stone think he is unusual, and he commanded the vanguard" ma bu "or horse stance just look.
After crossing Zezhou, the secretariat Zhai Lingqi refused to surrender. Li rode to the city gate and told him, "Now the Khitan has fled to the north, and there is no owner in the world, and Bing Gong Liu is in charge of the righteous cause and pacified the Central Plains. Wherever he went, he was invincible and returned to his ancestors' home. Why not plan this as soon as possible? " Zhai Lingqi just opened the door to meet.
When Li stayed as an agent in the political affairs, Han Zu appointed him as the secretariat. When Li Shouzhen was conquered, Li was appointed as the ambassador of the battalion.
Pacify the river, for Huaizhou secretariat. Zhou Zu opened up territory and followed Murong Yan's conquest, and was also the messenger of Du Haozhai. Because of his work, he was awarded the Mingzhou Yong ying ambassador, participated in the recovery of Qin and Phoenix, and was awarded the Laizhou secretariat instead.
After pacifying Huainan, it was transferred to Erzhou, where it made great achievements. There is an imperial edict to re-establish the land rent. Ma Tao, the former county magistrate of Mu Ping County, whose household registration belongs to Wendeng County, concealed these crops and ordered them to be arrested and then reported.
Ma Tao was afraid of running away, and he was frightened from then on. In the early Song Dynasty, he was appointed General Right Wuwei and promoted to General Left.
Kaibao died eight years ago at the age of 72.
6. Classical Chinese extended reading "trailing" the original answer:
Zhuangzi was fishing in Pushui, and the king of Chu sent the doctor and the doctor to go first, saying, "I hope I am tired in China!" " Zhuangzi ignored the pole and said, "I heard that there was a turtle in Chu State, and it was 3,000 years old when it died. The king's towel is hidden in the temple. This turtle would rather die for a bone than drag its tail alive? "
The second doctor, Yu Yue, said, "I'd rather be born."
Zhuangzi said, "Yes! I will drag my tail in the painting. "
Translation:
Zhuangzi is fishing in Puhe River. The king of Chu sent two doctors to invite him (as an official). (They say to Zhuangzi): "I want to burden your housework!" Zhuangzi didn't look back (at them) with the end of the fishing rod, saying, "I heard that there was a turtle in the State of Chu, which has been dead for 3,000 years. The king wrapped it in brocade, put it in a bamboo box and treasured it in the hall of the ancestral temple. This (god) turtle, (it is) would rather die than leave a bone for people to cherish, or would rather live and wag its tail in the mud? "
The two doctors said, "I'd rather wag my tail in the mud alive."
Zhuangzi said, "Please go back! I want to wag my tail in the mud. "
7. Huang Jinshu of Qiu Guang read the answer 16. Reference answer: compare those who are indifferent and arrogant to fallen leaves. Explain that human beings should cherish nature, cherish the luxury and generosity of nature, or highlight that naive children and wise old people can live in harmony with nature.
17. Reference answer: The author uses rhetorical devices such as personification, metaphor and contrast to describe the dignified expression, elegant posture and brilliant scene of "Huang Jinshu" in "Qiu Guang Farewell Ceremony" from the perspectives of shape, sound and color, and expresses the author's sincere praise for Qiu Guang's "Huang Jinshu", paving the way for the turn of literature and meaning.
18. Reference answer: Metaphor refers to a dense and beautiful forest with many birds and animals, which expresses the author's concern about the forest becoming a wasteland.
Express emotion for the imaginary scene: the behavior of human cutting down forests and copying trees is extremely ridiculous.
19. Reference answer: Start with the expression of autumn, write about the fallen leaves and the attitude of children and the elderly towards the fallen leaves, then write about the maturity and perfection of the tree and the author's praise for it, then write about the fate of the tree being destroyed by human beings and the author's anxiety and condemnation, and finally reveal the main idea of the article.
8. Feng Jiguang's reading answer to Time 1. Add some words and phonetic notation.
Dress * () Duh * Duh * Eye-catching ()
2. Paragraph 6 uses "the plant dies, leaving its life in the seed; The poet left and left his life in the poem. " To write about the continuation of life, please try to imitate a set of sentences that express this theme.
( )。
3. How does this article express the author's feelings?
( ).
There is a sentence in the ninth paragraph: "Every artist can achieve eternity, and only he can give up. Isn't it? " Please talk about your understanding of this sentence.
( ).
5. Write two sentences about the ancient people's feelings about "time".
( )。
( )。
Reference answer:
1.mèi (four tones) duó (one tone)
The singer left, leaving his life in the song.
3. Expressed the author's intention to concentrate on literary creation, not to be burdened by vulgarity and vanity, and then realized a writer's great desire to recreate the miracle of life.
4. Only by abandoning secularity and vanity can artists concentrate on artistic creation, create immortal models and realize the eternity of artistic life.