China's Bai surname is a very old surname, which appeared in ancient times. According to ancient books such as Textual Research on Surnames and Tracing the Origin of Surnames, as early as 5,000 years ago, Bai Fu, a minister, became one of the ancestors of Bai.
The Chinese Bai family is the most popular surname, and it is the descendant of Huangdi, the ancestor of Chinese culture. According to the records of Historical Records, Zuo Zhuan, Yuan He's Compilation and other ancient books, Bai, one of the ancestors of Bai, was the son of King Chu Ping, while Zhuan Xu, the grandson of the Yellow Emperor and the son of Changyi, was the ancestor of Chu. Qin Wugong's adopted son Bai is another ancestor of Bai, and his ancestor is also the grandson of Emperor Zhuan Xu.
China's Bai surname is a surname with many origins. According to textual research, the origin of Bai surname is roughly in five aspects: descendants of the Yellow Emperor, following Dr. Bing Yi of Bai Qin, following Bai Fu of Emperor Yan, taking place names as surnames, changing surnames or giving surnames.
In the pre-Qin period, Bai mainly lived in Shaanxi, Hubei, Henan and other regions. With the continuous migration of Bai surname, it was distributed in various areas of the Yangtze River Basin and the Yellow River Basin during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties. According to statistics, at present, the total population of Bai surname has exceeded 4 million, which is the 73rd surname in China, accounting for 0.22% of the total population. It is mainly distributed in Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Gansu, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, Yunnan and other provinces, forming two major Bai surnames gathering areas in Henan, Hebei and Qin Jin, in which 10 of the total population of Bai surnames lives in Henan Province.
Bai surname is not only the most popular surname among Han people, but also occupies a large population among Hui, Mongolian and Taiwan Province ethnic minorities. At present, there are white surnames in Singapore, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam, the United States, Canada and other parts of the world, and the white surnames in China have spread all over the world.
Wangjing Bai family is an important part of China Bai family. Due to the long history and lost genealogy, there is no historical data for the surname of Bai in Wangjing. Bai Guilin, the ancestor of Bai family in Wangjing, entered Sichuan from Gao Qian (Street) weir in Xiaogan Township, Macheng in the early Ming Dynasty. It has been nearly 700 years, with 27 generations of blood and a population of more than 20,000. In addition to Wangjing, the Bai family in Wangjing also migrated to Zhenlong, Xishen, jiepai, Bishan, Longgang, Tongjiang and other surrounding areas, as well as all parts of the country and some overseas areas.
The Chinese Bai surname has always been full of talented people, and there are many loyal officials and scholars. There are mainly Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, who is known as "Poet Saint" and "Poet Magic". In history, he is known as Bai Pu, a famous dramatist of the four masters of the Yuan Dynasty, a famous Shang Saint Bai Gui, who is regarded as "Grandfather" by businessmen all over the world, and Bai Minzhong, a famous figure in the Tang Dynasty, in the Four Warring States Period.
In the course of thousands of years' development, the Bai family has become a famous family in Taiyuan, Shanxi, Nanyang and Henan, forming the hall names of Taiyuan County and Nanyang County, such as Zhishengtang, Xiangshan Hall and Nanyang Hall.
The first section Bai origin
Bai is an important part of China's surname, but the origin of China Bai is more complicated. According to textual research, China Bai mainly comes from five aspects:
First, descendants of the Chinese people
1, surnamed in the Chu royal family. According to the records of thirty schools in Historical Records of Chu Family, Zuo Zhuan, Yuan He's Name Compilation and Shanglonglu, the ancestors of Chu people came from Hanshu Liewen. Levin is the grandson of the Yellow Emperor and the son of Changyi. Levin's birth name is, and his birth name is Li. He is an official in Shanghai. Because he can integrate into this world, Di Ku gave him the title of Zhu Rong. * * * After Gong's civil strife, he was killed because of the unfinished murder. His brother succeeded to the throne and was still called Zhu Rong. Wu Zhong and Lu Zhong have six sons, all born to their mothers: the eldest son Kun Wu, the second son Shen Hu, the third son Peng Zu, the fourth son Hui Ren, the fifth son Cao Xing and the sixth son. Later descendants were divided into eight surnames: Cao, Peng, Bald, Dong, Yan, Zhu, Ji and Mi, that is, "Zhu Rong's eight surnames". Ji Lian is a secret surname, Ji Liansheng is attached to Ju, and Ju Sheng is attached to Dong Xiong. In Zhou Chengwang, King Cheng sealed Xiong Yi, the descendant of Ji Lian, to Man Jing, Zi Chu and Danyang (Zigui, Hubei), which was the beginning of Chu State.
During the reign of Zhou Yiwang, the royal family of the Zhou Dynasty declined, and Xiong, the leader of Chu State, took his son as king on the pretext that his son was a barbarian and did not need to be restricted by the title of the Central Plains.
In the sixth year of King Chu Ping (523 BC), due to the slanderous remarks of the treacherous court official Fei Wuji, King Ping asked the Prince to build a garrison near the city father and kill the Prince Taifu Fifth Society, and later wanted to recall and kill the Prince. The prince got wind of it and fled to the state of Song. Because of the civil strife in the Song Dynasty, he fled to Zheng, and was later killed by Zheng. The son of Prince Jian, Gongzi Sheng, fled to Wu with the help of Wu Zixu, the son of Wu Haohua.
In the second year of King Hui of Chu (487 BC), Yin Zixi returned to Chu with Gongzi Sheng from Wu, thinking that Dr. Chao was named Bai Yi (now Xixian County, Henan Province, it is said that he was in Chao County, Anhui Province) and Bai Gong. Bai Gong wins the army with courtesy and is bent on revenge for his father. In the sixth year of King Hui of Chu (483 BC), Bai asked Lingyin Zixi to send troops against Zheng. Zixi verbally promised not to send troops, and Bai was jealous. In the eighth year of King Chu Ping (48 BC1), the State of Jin crusaded against Zheng, and Zheng asked Chu for help. After taking bribes, Yin Zixi attacked Jin with Zheng Meng, and Bai Gong was furious. He sent Shi Qi to launch a coup, killed Yin Zixi, hijacked King Hui and established himself as King Chu. Later, he was defeated by Sajima, the son of Shen Yinrong, the minister of Chu, and Bai hanged himself and was buried by Shi Gai at the age of 55.
Bai has five sons, namely B, C, Ji, Jiang and Zhang. All four sons have gone to the State of Qin, all of whom are famous. Later generations took the ancestral fiefs as their surnames, and some took "Bai Gong" and "Bai Hou" as their surnames. Tang Dynasty poet Bai Juyi and Prime Minister Bai Min both claimed to be descendants of Bai.
2. The surname is Qin royalty. According to Qin Benji, "Before Qin Dynasty, Sun Yue, a descendant of Emperor Zhuan Xu, was taught by his daughter". The great cause of women's farming costs a lot, which helps Yu Xia to control water and soil. Shun Di won recognition for her contribution by using her surname. In the week, due to the feat of domesticating horses, the descendants of Fei took the land of Qin State as their fief and became the first monarch of Qin State, known as the King of Qin in history. After Fei Zi's death, his son, the marquis of Qin, succeeded him as the king of Qin.
After the death of Qin Wugong (678 BC), Bai, the son of his successor, failed to succeed to the throne because he took over the throne from his mother and brother, and was sealed in Pingyang. After the death of childe Bai, later generations took Bai as their surname. According to the Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Bai Qi, the first of the four famous generals in the Warring States and the general of Qin State, is a descendant of Bai (Bai Juyi's "Baijiaer Road, Taiyuan" describes Bai's lineage and calls Bai Qi a descendant of Bai).
Second, after the white.
According to Records of Historical Records of the Qin Dynasty, Yuan He's Compilation, and The Book of the Prime Minister of the New Tang Dynasty, Uncle Jane (about 690 BC-665438 BC+00 BC), a famous politician, strategist and minister in the pre-Qin period, served as the right minister of the Qin State, and assisted in the achievement of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, with two sons and one. In the thirty-second year (628 BC), under the leadership of Meng, the general of Qin Dynasty, Bai and his brother Xiqiao attacked Zheng. Because Zheng's merchants, prepared by Zheng, stopped sliding and crossed Lushan Mountain on their way home. Being ambushed by the Jin army, the whole army was wiped out, and all three handsome men were captured, and were later won by Duke Xiang of Jin (that is).
After Bai Jide was promoted to Doctor Qin, he became one of the few famous soldiers in the history of Qin. Later generations were proud of this, so they took it as their surname, called Bai Yi's, or simplified it as Bai's, and became an important branch of Bai's family, and Bai became one of Bai's ancestors. (According to "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty and the Prime Minister's Biography", "Sun Yuzhong, the King of Zhou Tai, was sealed in ... and was named a hundred miles. Xi Shengshi, whose real name is Meng. Meng's two sons: first, they asked for advice from the west, and second, they said they were white, but later they thought they were stone. "But Historical Records Qin Benji said:" ... Miao Gong said: I don't know, but I have made up my mind. Then he sent his troops to make Bai Lixi, the son of Meng, and his uncle, beg for western skills and white ... ". Historical Records is not only recognized as a trustworthy history, but also was written earlier than the Book of the New Tang Dynasty 1000. The author should be able to read a lot of historical materials lost in later generations due to war and other reasons, so his records should be more accurate and should be accepted.
Third, through the white mound.
According to the Western Han Dynasty's Chunqiu Yuanming newspaper, "Emperor Yan has a white hill, the son of strange righteousness, which is the beginning of Shennong's white surname." Ancient books such as Textual Research on Surnames and Tracing the Origin of Surnames all agree with this statement. Legend has it that after the birth of fair skin, his eyebrows were white, his hair was white and his skin was white. Everyone named him fair skin (skin) because of his appearance. Bai Fu, who was proficient in water veins, was once an official of Emperor Yan and made contributions to dredging waterways. His descendants take "Bai" as their surname, and their surname history has exceeded 5,000 years.
Fourth, take place names as surnames.
According to the research and tracing of surnames, Baizhou (now Bobai County, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region) was established in the Tang Dynasty, and Chinese people took place names as surnames, which were called Bai.
5. Give up or change your family name
According to the records of History of the Five Dynasties, Genealogy and Records of Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty, the Bai surnames of Hui, Manchu, Mongolian, Jewish, Turkic, Oroqen, Wa and Miao nationalities in Taiwan Province Province were all given the Bai surnames because of their merits, or changed from other surnames to Bai surnames. This is the course of the survival and development of the Chinese nation for thousands of years. None of these white surnames are Han people, and they appeared very late, so they cannot be used as the origin of Han white surnames.
Although the origin of Bai surname has the above five aspects, it is after Bai and Bai that has the greatest influence and the widest coverage in later generations.
Because Xixian County in Henan Province is a fief of Bai, some descendants of Bai chose Xixian County as a place to find their roots. In history, in order to commemorate the ancestor of Bai surname, there are Baigong City, Prince Temple and Baiting Pavilion. Bai Juyi, a great poet in Tang Dynasty, is the most outstanding celebrity in the history of Bai surname. In his later years, he settled in Luoyang, moved the white tomb from Jingshan, Hubei Province to the south foot of Xishan, Longmen, Luoyang, and was buried with his white wife Ji. Therefore, in recent years, Bai's root seekers mostly take Luoyang or Bai Juyi's hometown, Weinan, Shaanxi Province, where his family first lived, as their root-seeking destination. There are also root seekers of Bai surname who take Nanyang, the county in the history of Bai surname, as their destination; People who agree that Bai is the ancestor of Bai take Fengxiang in Shaanxi or Xianyang as a place to seek roots (when Qin Mugong was the capital of Qin, it was in Yongcheng, which is now the southeast of Fengxiang in Shaanxi, and then moved to Xianyang). These places were once sacred places where Bai ancestors thrived, made great achievements and wrote brilliant history, and were the birthplace of Bai in China. The blood of China Bai surname originated in these places, and with the Chinese civilization handed down from generation to generation, it flowed all the way to the mountains and rivers of China and to every Chinese place in the world, and it was flourishing and endless.
Part two? Bai Guilin, the ancestor of Ruchuan
Bai Guilin, the ancestor of the Bai family in Wangjing, was born at the beginning of14th century (the end of Yuan Dynasty). His ancestral home was in Nanyang, Henan Province, and later he moved to Gao Qian Weir (commonly known as senior eaves) in Xiaogan Township, Macheng, Hubei Province, and moved to Wangjing, Sichuan with the tide of "Huguang filling Sichuan".
Due to the lack of biographies, the deeds of Guilin ancestors are hard to find. Studying a word from the remains of future generations can only give a general idea.
The 13th generation of brothers Sun Bainianchun and Bai Zhongchun were buried together on the monument (on Baijialing), saying that "the ancestors of Guilin avoided Yuan chaos and gathered in Ba County. There are many celebrities and officials ... "At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, people from Hubei, mostly from Xiaogan Township, Macheng, rushed to move to Sichuan to avoid disasters. (Chen, "Great Migration: Historical Interpretation of Huguang's Filling Sichuan") The two theories coincide. According to historical records, from the end of Yuan Dynasty to the 11th year of Zheng Zheng (135 1), the Red Scarf Army revolted, and the world was in chaos. Peng Yingyu, a monk from Yuanzhou, Jiangxi Province, used Zou Pusheng's religion and Macheng's "gathering people to make an insurrection, taking the red scarf as the number" to launch an uprising in Hubei. They took advantage of qi zhou cloth dealer Xu Shouhui's peculiar appearance and good calling, and promoted him as the leader. Soon he became the emperor in Qishui, with the title of "Tianwan". Zou Pusheng was therefore named "Taishi" (Yuan Shi, Volume 42, Shun Di Ji and Shi Ming, Volume 123, Biography of Chen Youliang). Because Zou Pusheng was a native of Macheng, Macheng naturally became the center of the peasant revolution in Huguang at that time and the recruiting base of the "Tianwan" Red Scarf Army. In order to escape the war, some local people ran away from home and fled from Macheng to Sichuan. This is the so-called situation of "avoiding the ground and entering Sichuan", "avoiding chaos and entering Sichuan" and "avoiding soldiers" in the literature.
In the 20th year of Yuan Dynasty (1360), Chen Youliang and Xu Shouhui proclaimed themselves emperors, and Hubei Red Scarf Army split. At this time, Suizhou Ren Ming Yu Zhenzheng led the Hubei Red Scarf Army to fight in Sichuan. After hearing this news, Ming Yuzhen cut off contact with Tianwan regime and established Daxia regime in Chongqing. Ming Yuzhen had a plan to split the country after he entered Sichuan. Therefore, all soldiers with families, together with immigrants recruited from Huguang, are estimated to have about 400,000 people entering Sichuan. It is in this context that the grandson of Wangjing Bai generation said that "the ancestors of Guilin took four sons into Sichuan and went to Baoning (Ba County) to be an official". Because Macheng is adjacent to Suizhou, many Macheng people have entered Sichuan before, and Macheng people naturally flock to it. Ming Yu Zhen, within its jurisdiction, "protect the environment and the people, open the department to recruit people, promote learning, and make music." I have not seen domestic military reformers for more than ten years. " History says that "Shu people know their own suitability" and "one side is salty and depends on each other for a well-off life." As a result, refugees in Hubei, including many Macheng people, rely on the friendship of their hometown to make them feel at home. Therefore, Shu people have been born in Hubei ever since. "
After song and yuan war, Sichuan was "vast and sparsely populated", so it was very empty and once migrated to Sichuan in the form of going hand in hand. The History of Yuan Dynasty records that Rongzhou (now Rongxian County, Sichuan Province) "abandoned its land" in the early Yuan Dynasty, but in the period, it was "recovered" by 200,000 refugees in Yong, Liang and Huaidian. The "Xiang Han refugees" who came to live here, "to thousands of families, privately opened salt wells and deployed themselves, but often captured soldiers killed scouts." This group of "Xiang Han refugees" also includes Hubei immigrants in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
The ancestors of Guilin settled in Wangjing, Sichuan at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and it is said that they first settled in Nanba Dyehouse. At that time and later generations called Guilin's ancestral home "Gui Huayuan". The ancestors of Guilin lived in Nanba, because Bai Keli was an indigenous people who settled in Nanba very early. The ancients said that "the same surname is blind, the same surname is dependent, and the same surname is carried." Bai Keli has a strong family background and is kind to others. Grandfather Guilin knows books and rituals, and he is well informed. They fell in love at first sight. Bai Keli gave Nanba River (then a meadow) as a gift to Guilin ancestors for reclamation and survival and reproduction.
Guilin lived in Nanba Dyeing House and was named "Gui Huayuan". Bai descendants were born here, and the third generation descendants are Bai Yiren, Bai Yili, Bai Yizhi and Bai Yixin. The population is prosperous, the property is increasing, and the land is expanding, so they begin to split up and reproduce. In the fourth year of Jingtai in the Ming Dynasty (1453), the four sons separated, and there is a separation monument in Nanyang Hall, which still exists today. (The tablet is at the original site of "Gui Huayuan" on the right side of Nanba Village Dyeing Room)
Unfortunately, there is no written record or oral information about where the ancestors of Guilin lived and when they died in their later years. The tombstone of the brothers in the spring of 2000 and the middle spring of 2000 recorded: "Since the war, my family genealogy has been missing several times, and the rate between Song and Yuan Dynasties was short, so it could not be compiled. I want to go back to the Ming Dynasty and now, and describe the ancestral calendar of Guilin from the school ... the descendants of the world know the origin. " Explain why my family has no blood, no genealogy. During the war years, people fled from their homes, lived in fear all day and barely made a living. How do they meditate and compile books, and one day they will be satisfied with their own safety?
The ancestors and descendants of Guilin have continued to this day, spanning about 700 years, with a pulse of 27 generations and a total population of more than 20 thousand. Come down in one continuous line, ten steps are fragrant grass, hundreds of rivers return to the sea, and Qian Fan strives for development, which will last forever.