In the second year of Emperor Gaozu's Xuandi (the first 60 years), Xuan Di appointed Ji Zheng as the viceroy, rode as a captain in the western regions, and the capital of the western regions was located in Leo, which managed 36 vassal states such as Wusun, Dawan and Kangju in the western regions. In the first year of Ganlu (the first 53 years), Wusun fought for the throne internally, and Wutu became Kunmi. Emperor Xuan Di issued a special imperial edict saying, "Li Yuan is a great Kunmi, and Wutu is a small Kunmi. Governor Luo Hou sent the third school to Gu Chi (now by Lake Issyk-Kul in Kazakhstan). " This wooden slip records this matter. Later, the Western Regions developed into 50 vassal states. "There are 376 people from the postmaster to the prince." Western governors accepted the knighthood of the Han Dynasty.
What is particularly rare is that a complete set of books has been unearthed without any flaws. For example, Begemann and his party unearthed the Book of Yong Wu at the Houguan site in Shoushuifu, Zhangye County. Seventy-seven wooden slips were compiled into a book, including 75 words and two blank ones. It is extremely rare that when unearthed, these 77 wooden slips are not only in disorder, but also the remnants of knotting ropes still exist. They are composed of two hemp ropes and wrapped into a roll when unearthed. It provides a unique example for studying the arrangement and preservation methods of wooden slips files in Han Dynasty. Its content is the report that Hou Chang, a subordinate of Guangdi Hou Guan, gave to Hou Guan during the Eastern Han Dynasty and the first year of Yong (89- 105), reporting the weapons situation every month, recording the names and quantities of various weapons in the beacon tower and the "daring words" used. "Dare to kowtow and say death penalty" is a fixed term in official documents of Han Dynasty.
Around 1974, a set of imperial history books with three wooden slips, about 500 words, was unearthed, which is equivalent to today's wanted order. It is a set of legal files, the contents of which are as follows: Xuan Di, Emperor Gaozu, signed "The Prime Minister has less history, and the Imperial History has less history" and "Moved (sent) to Taining County" in the second year of Ganlu (the first 52 years). She is a personal servant of Gaizhu, the daughter of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Gaizhu died in the first year of Han Yuanfeng (the first 80 years), and her family was involved in treason. She was sentenced to "no family" (no survivors were allowed to become Shu Ren). The big servant escaped by accident and was not caught. In the second year of Ganlu, pretty maid's brother, Gaizhu's coachman, and Liu Xu, the fifth son of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, committed treason, and pretty maid was once again implicated in "crimes against the same property" and was wanted.
This set of wanted wooden slips is for prefect Zhang, who will forward the documents to all governors, one governor to all detained officials, and the detained officials to all governors. The unearthed wooden slips reflect the forms of documents issued by the central government in the Han Dynasty, as well as the relationship between the superior and subordinate organizations of border affairs at all levels, as well as the hierarchical relationship when official documents were delivered, which is of great significance to the study of the political system and document filing system in the Han Dynasty.
A set of 36 pieces of wooden slips "The Responsibility of Kouen in the 3rd year of Jianwu in December" records the process that a Hou Guan named Su Jun was detained in the 3rd year of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (27 years), framed the debt owed by Kouen, reported it to Juyan County, and the county magistrate found out the situation and made a fair judgment, which is an indispensable historical file for studying the judicial litigation system in the Han Dynasty. This set of wooden slips is divided into four parts according to the development stage of the case and the official document procedure.
The first part is the wooden slips on December 1st (the third day). Su Jun reported Cohen's debt to the county magistrate in Juyan. Juyan transferred the illegally written book to the miser (official name) in Du Xiang where Cohen was located to review Cohen. The miser wrote a letter (reply) according to Cohen's confession, and replied to Juyan that Cohen had no debt. The Soviet army refused to accept it and once again told the boss of Juyan county government, Juyan Duwei family, who ordered Juyan county to "examine the problem in more detail" and the towns below Juyan county to examine the problem again.
The second part is1February 16. The husband interrogated Cohen again and wrote a letter.
The third part is Xin Wei (1Feb19th). Sifu reported the confession on the third day to Juyan County again, and attached the confession on the sixteenth day as an attachment.
The fourth part is1February 27th. After receiving the official document from Du Xiang, Juyan County Government sent the official document to Jiaqu Houguan, and copied the official document from Du Xiang and the report to Juyan County. Hou Guan of Jiaxu filed this article together with the documents, and noted that "Hou was responsible for Cowen's affairs in December of Jianwu three years"
This set of wooden slips not only shows us the whole process of litigation in the Han Dynasty, but also objectively records the principles and methods of the formation, submission, issuance and filing of official documents in the Han Dynasty. For example, the fourth part of the wooden slips, Juyan County House, pays great attention to the use of "dynamic text" for officials of Jiaxu Hou. "Shifting documents" is used by two government organs at the same level or two organs without affiliation. The Jiaxu officials in Juyan area are quite county-level and are military units, while the Juyan county government is a local government, so the conventions and document names have been used until the Republic of China.
1973, The Book of Yong's Three Years was unearthed at the site of Jinguanguancheng in Shoushui. It consists of 16 pieces of wooden slips, and the contents are the memorials and imperial edicts of the courtiers of Emperor Liu Ao (BC 14). This group of wooden slips is divided into four parts in content:
The first part: * * * 3 pieces of wooden slips, which record the names of the memorials given to Emperor Cheng by Prime Minister Jin Fang and Imperial Advisor Kong Guang.
The second part: * * * 6 pieces of wooden slips, which record the memorials of Jin Fang and Kong Guang, such as calling for the promulgation of laws "except borrowing", stipulating that "the interest and the borrower shall not be returned" and the imperial edict of being emperor for three years forever, are the main parts of this group of wooden slips.
The third part: * * * * 3 pieces of wooden slips, which record that in July of the third year of eternity, the Prime Minister issued a letter to "Shao Fu, General Wei, 2,000 stones" and the county officials and county satraps.
The fourth part: * * * * 4 pieces of wooden slips, which record that Tan, the magistrate of Zhangye, and Sima Zongxing, the county magistrate, issued an imperial edict to the four houses of Shoushui Jinguan in October of that year. Afterwards, this group of wooden slips was collected by Shoushui Jinguan Sifu. (Existing Gansu Provincial Museum).
The discovery of these treasures not only truly reflects the original appearance of the history of the Han Dynasty, but also vividly and irreplaceably depicts and shows the document filing system of the Han Dynasty to future generations.
To sum up, the bamboo slips unearthed twice in Juyan in the 20th century include daily official documents, appointment and dismissal of officials, personnel changes, frontier fortress trends, military discipline, working in a warehouse, material transshipment, entry and exit of articles, inspection, injuries and so on. In addition, there are postal slips, names, books, letters, honors, archived official documents, business loan contracts between officials and people, and so on. These Han bamboo slips are a true record of the history of the Great Wall in China. In the process of excavation, due to the use of modern scientific methods, the records of the relationship between excavation sites and horizons are very accurate and clear, and the restoration and arrangement after excavation are also very standardized and scientific, and both sides of the Taiwan Strait have carefully preserved them without being artificially destroyed.
Bamboo slips unearthed in Juyan are of great reference value to the study of politics, economy, military, frontier defense, reclamation, water conservancy, geography, transportation, law, nationality and religion of the Great Wall and even the Han Dynasty. Some can make up for the gaps or omissions in ancient documents, some can correct the mistakes recorded in historical books, and some can explain the above-mentioned unknowns in ancient documents, so Juyan bamboo slips are not their own.