Acupuncture treatment method is formed in a long historical process, and its academic thought is gradually improved with the accumulation of clinical medical experience. 1973 medical silk books unearthed from Mawangdui No.3 tomb in Changsha include Moxibustion Sutra of Eleven Veins in Foot and Arm and Moxibustion Sutra of Eleven Veins in Yin and Yang, which discuss the circulation distribution, symptoms and moxibustion treatment of eleven veins and form a complete meridian system. Huangdi Neijing is the earliest and most complete classic of traditional Chinese medicine in the existing literature, which has formed a complete meridian system, including the twelve meridians, fifteen collaterals, the twelve meridians, the twelve meridians, specimens related to the meridian system, nodules, strange streets, four seas and so on. Especially in Lingshu Jing, acupoints, acupuncture methods, acupuncture indications and contraindications are discussed in detail. Following Neijing, the theory of acupuncture and moxibustion was supplemented and perfected by Bian Que, an imperial doctor in the Warring States Period.
Huangfu Mi, a medical scientist in Jin Dynasty, devoted himself to the study of Neijing and other works, and wrote an acupuncture classic. This book comprehensively discusses the theory of zang-fu organs and meridians, develops and determines 349 acupoints, discusses the positions, indications and operations of acupoints, and introduces acupuncture methods and the treatment of common diseases, which is the second summary of acupuncture.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, with the prosperity of economy and culture, the academic research of acupuncture and moxibustion also developed greatly. Sun Simiao, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty, drew a three-person color map of Tang Ming in his book "For Urgent Use", and put forward the selection and application of Ashi point. Wang, a famous acupuncturist in Song Dynasty, compiled the Atlas of Acupuncture at Tongren Acupoints, verified 354 acupoints, and carved the whole book on a stone tablet for learners to copy and print. He also cast two bronze models, with meridians and acupoints carved on the outside and viscera built in, as intuitive teaching AIDS for acupuncture teaching and examination for acupuncturists, which promoted the development of acupuncture.
In the Yuan Dynasty, Hua Boren called the twelve meridians, Ren and Du meridians as fourteen meridians for the first time, which was very helpful for future generations to study meridians.
The Ming Dynasty was the heyday of the academic development of acupuncture and moxibustion, with many famous doctors, and the theoretical research of acupuncture and moxibustion was gradually deepened. There are also a large number of acupuncture monographs, such as The Complete Collection of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The Collection of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, and four acupuncture monographs, especially Yang Jizhou's Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, which collected acupuncture works before the Ming Dynasty and summarized clinical experience. It is an important reference book for future generations to learn acupuncture and moxibustion, and it is the third summary of acupuncture and moxibustion.
From the early Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, acupuncture medicine gradually went from prosperity to decline. In A.D. 1742, Janice and others wrote The Golden Mirror of Medical Zong, and its Acupuncture Essentials not only inherited the acupuncture gist of predecessors, but also carried it forward. The whole article is songs and pictures, which has been a compulsory content for medical students in Qingtai Hospital since A.D. 14. In the late Qing Dynasty, the feudal rulers headed by Daoguang flagrantly banned the use of acupuncture in imperial hospitals on the absurd grounds that "acupuncture with fire is not suitable for monarchs". 1840 After the Opium War, imperialism invaded China, and the rulers at that time tried their best to discriminate against and eliminate Chinese medicine, and acupuncture was even more devastated. Nevertheless, due to the popularity of acupuncture in treating diseases, it is still widely circulated among the people. Li Xuechuan, a famous acupuncturist, wrote "Acupuncture as the Source" in A.D. 18 17, emphasizing the importance of selecting acupoints based on syndrome differentiation and paying equal attention to acupuncture and medicine, and completely enumerating 36 1 acupoints, which are still used in acupuncture textbooks. During the Republic of China, the government ordered the abolition of Chinese medicine. Many acupuncturists set up an acupuncture society, published acupuncture books and periodicals, and carried out acupuncture correspondence education in order to preserve and develop the acupuncture scholarship, a treasure of China medical culture. Mr. Cheng Dan 'an, a famous modern acupuncturist, has made lifelong contributions to the revitalization of acupuncture and moxibustion. During this period, the revolutionary base area under the leadership of the Communist Party of China clearly advocated the study and application of western medicine acupuncture, and opened an acupuncture department in Yan 'an Bethune International Peace Hospital, which initiated the formal entry of acupuncture into general hospitals.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, we have attached great importance to inheriting and carrying forward the medical heritage of the motherland, formulated the policy of traditional Chinese medicine, and adopted a series of measures to develop the cause of traditional Chinese medicine, which has made acupuncture medicine unprecedentedly popularized and improved. In the early 1950s, the Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the predecessor of the Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion of the Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, was first established. Subsequently, acupuncture research, medical treatment and teaching institutions were established all over the country. Since then, acupuncture has been included as a compulsory course for students in Chinese medicine colleges, and most Chinese medicine colleges have opened acupuncture majors, and a large number of acupuncture talents have emerged. Over the past 40 years, a large number of ancient acupuncture books have been reprinted, sorted out and annotated on the basis of inheritance. Combined with the clinical experience and scientific research achievements of modern doctors, a large number of academic monographs and papers on acupuncture were published and the Chinese Acupuncture Society was established. Academic communication is very active, and acupuncture anesthesia is established on the basis of acupuncture analgesia. The research work of acupuncture and moxibustion is not only based on literature collation, but also systematic observation of its clinical efficacy, and experimental research on meridian theory, acupuncture analgesia mechanism, acupoint specificity and high-speed effect of acupuncture and moxibustion. , combined with modern physiology, anatomy, histology, biochemistry, immunology, molecular biology, as well as new technologies in frontier disciplines such as sound, light, electricity and magnetism. Clinical practice has proved that acupuncture has a good effect on internal and external diseases, gynecology, pediatrics, bone injury, facial features and other diseases.
Acupuncture is an ancient and magical science. As early as the 6th century AD, China's acupuncture scholarship began to spread abroad. 1more than 20 countries and regions in Asia, western Europe, eastern Europe and Latin America use acupuncture to treat their own people. Many countries have also established acupuncture academic groups, acupuncture education institutions and research institutions, and the famous Paris University Medical College has opened acupuncture courses. It is reported that there are 307 kinds of diseases that are effectively treated by acupuncture, among which 100 is the most effective. 65438-0980 The United Nations World Health Organization put forward 43 indications for recommending acupuncture treatment. From 65438 to 0987, the World Federation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion was formally established in Beijing, which established the position of acupuncture as a world medicine in the world medical forest.
2010 165438+1October16, acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine is listed in the representative list of intangible cultural heritage of mankind.