Her origin and evolution is a very complicated issue, which is directly related to Fuxi culture.
The following scholars' investigation of Longxi discipline.
The so-called Ji Cheng is a huge concept of regional culture at first, but it has a center, that is, the Dadiwan site.
During this period, we can call it "cultural discipline"; During the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, and the local government was still a county system. During this period, the word "Ji Cheng" changed from a cultural concept to a substantive local government, belonging to Longxi County, and was often called "Longxi Ji Cheng" in history. The third period is the change of subject name.
The history and reality of Ji Cheng in ancient times, with Qin 'an Dadiwan site as the center, formed an ancient cultural circle.
The story of Fuxi Nuwa spread from Qingshui River to Hulu River, from Hulu River to Weihe River, from Weihe River to Yellow River, from Yellow River to the whole north, from north to south, and then became the collective memory of the Chinese nation.
Dadiwan is called the dawn of Chinese civilization, which is recognized by historians.
There are a lot of stories about Fuxi Nuwa around the Dadiwan site. These stories can't be regarded as a history of faith, but they can reflect the importance of Fu and Nu Wa in the 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization from Neolithic Age to slave society.
Due to the current economic backwardness in Gansu, many scholars have not paid attention to these legends. The New Age ruins communities all over Qin 'an and its surrounding areas prove how primitive tribes here sucked blood on this magical land thousands of years ago and gradually moved from barbarism to civilization.
In the last century, many scholars made unpredictable guesses and investigations on the origin of Fuxi myth, and gained many useful experiences. For example, Wen Yiduo, a famous scholar, walked in the Hulu Valley. Finally, he wrote a book called Fuxi Kao, in which he concluded that Fuxi clan should belong to Miao people in southwest China, but the discovery of Dadiwan site denied his conclusion.
Why did Wen Yiduo come to such a conclusion? There are also fairy tales of Fuxi Nuwa among the ethnic minorities in southwest China. So Mr Wen Yiduo traveled thousands of miles to visit Hulu River.
This tells us that no matter how great a person is, he will still make mistakes when doing anything, although he has been verified in detail. History is still history, and nothing will change.
On the other hand, it also tells us that history is a science and has its own laws. Even if someone wants to change it, history is always restoring its true colors.
Of course, Wen Yiduo is a famous scholar after all. He is a high academic standard and a verbal giant. His spirit of seeking truth is really a mirror.
Unfortunately, at that time, because the Dadiwan site had not been discovered, he did not have the most comprehensive and powerful materials on this issue, so he could not help but draw a wrong conclusion.
This also tells us how complicated science is, and it is not clear in a few words.
At the same time, we can see that the spread and influence of Fuxi Nuwa is the most precious wealth of the whole Chinese nation.
Then, we can draw a conclusion that in ancient Qin 'an, a cultural circle centered on the site of Dadiwan was formed. This cultural circle is very large and radiates across the country. This is a commanding height in history, whether you admit it or not. This is a fact.
Why do we attach so much importance to Dadiwan is because it is difficult to find a second place with such a large scale and a long history in the whole northwest, which is mutually confirmed by ancient legends.
To sum up, we can draw a conclusion.
"With Qin 'an Dadiwan site as the center, Ji Cheng cultural circle was formed in ancient times. "The so-called Ji Cheng should be counted from ancient times. At first, it was a regional concept in the cultural sense. It should be centered on the site of Dadiwan and radiate the whole northwest region. Therefore, Zhiping Township in Jingning should belong to Ji Cheng cultural circle in culture, and it is more appropriate to be classified as Tianshui area. You can take a look at the small circle, centering on the Dadiwan-Qin 'an site, and around Qin 'an: Jingning, Zhuanglang and Tong Tong.
Qin An left many legends of Fuxi Nuwa, and the academic circles also affirmed that these folk customs are related to the history of Fuxi Nuwa. From the perspective of human culturology, all myths are past history. Besides myths, Qin 'an also has the site of Dadiwan, which more effectively proves the relationship between Fuxi Nuwa and Qin 'an. Dadiwan site is called the dawn of Chinese civilization.
The name Ji Cheng is directly related to the birth of Fuxi. Ji Cheng is called Twelve Years, and Fuxi's mother Hua Xushi was printed on Razer, which induced Fuxi. At the same time, it is said that Fuxi spent twelve years in Hua Xushi's womb. Therefore, Ji Cheng should refer to the age when Fuxi was born in her mother's womb.
From this legend, we can see that the place name of Ji Cheng refers to Qin 'an, which can echo the historical legend from a distance. At the same time, Jingning, also known as Ji Cheng, can not explain anything, but can better reflect the great and far-reaching influence of Fuxi culture.
Throughout the historical evolution of ancient and modern times, there are still some differences between itself and modern administrative divisions. But when we look at the problems in history and trace back to the source, the outline of the matter is still relatively clear.
Some people may wonder, Professor Feng, a Yi people, once verified that the ancient city Ji County was located in Jingning today, and moved to Qin 'an after the Song Dynasty. How do you explain this? I think so, too. Professor Feng, who was born and raised in China, is admirable. His pursuit of truth-seeking in academic research is even more admirable.
However, due to historical reasons or the deviation of research methods, it is normal for researchers to draw completely different conclusions about the same incident.
For example, Mr Wen Yiduo, a famous scholar, was praised by the poet Cang Kejia as "a eloquent giant and a high-standard actor". He once walked across the Hulu River in Qin 'an, but there was no Dadiwan site to prove it to him. So he came to the wrong conclusion that Fuxi belongs to Miao barbarians in Fuxi Kao.
Therefore, it is very important to look at history objectively, study history for a long time, and deal with historical events with an open mind and vision.
Historical records? The first sentence of "Biography of General Li" is: "General Li is broad-minded and disciplined in Longxi." In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shoujie's "Justice in Historical Records" clearly wrote below this sentence: "Ji Cheng is in Qin Zhou." The "Qin Zhou" mentioned by Zhang Shoujie was Qin Zhou in the Tang Dynasty, which governed six counties, namely Ji Cheng, Shangguan, Fuqiang, Longcheng, Qingshui and Changdao, instead of Qinzhou District of Tianshui City today.
Hanshu? The fourth edition of "Wen Di Ji" contains: "In the spring of fifteen years, see Huanglong." Hanshu? "The Eighth Geography" explains in detail: "Tianshui County, the place where Emperor was born in the third year, was called Mangrong, and changed to Hanyang, the place where the ancient Emperor Fu was born.
6,370 households and 261,348 households.
Sixteen counties: Pingxiang (Mang said it was Ping), Jiequan, Daodao (Mang said it was Guanrong Pavilion), (Mang said it was Wangting Pavilion), Mianzhu Road, Lueyang Road, Ji (Zhulushan gathered in Nanwu County, Mang said it was Ji Zhi) and Samurai (belonging to a national captain who ruled the whole country).
We specialize in Ji Chengjun: Hanshu? Geography "contains:" Tianshui County has Jicheng County. "Yuanhe County Records" says: "Ji Cheng County, an old county in the Han Dynasty, belongs to Tianshui.
Fu's mother Hua Xu is a great man, and Fuxi was born in this mountain. Gansu New Annals says: "The old city of Ji Cheng is three miles north of Qin 'an County. "Ming Taizu Ji" says: "Fuxi was born in Han County. "Qin Anzhi" says: "This place has become a historical place for sacrifice. "Shuijing Note" says: "Blackwater flows out of southwest China via the gorge and into southwest Watingchuan.
There is also a kind of meeting (Wating water) oozing from the west, which is called Lujiaokou.
Ayang county is south by east.
The Wating River flows south to the east of Ji Cheng County.
Long time away from Sichuan is called long time away from water.
Right and Ji Cheng hydration.
The water source is Tingchuan in the northwest, and Broken Stone Gorge and Tianjin River in the east, so it is the east of Ji Cheng County.
Tai Gaozu was born in Tianshui County, Korea. According to the Notes on Water Classics, Luochengji County is located on the west and south banks of Chengji River, which is the site of Hanchengji County.
Therefore, Yang Shoujing said, "This is the old city of Ji Cheng County since the Han Dynasty, so it should be called the old city" (Water Mirror Note).
"Golden history? Geography: "Qin Zhou has Qin 'an County, an ancient city of Han Dynasty." "Child stagnation sword? Emperor A of the thirty-first year of Jin Dynasty said, "To the west of Liang Wangguang, the king of Qin returned to work repeatedly and transferred his troops to cut it. Please hurry to the discipline office to avoid.
Yu Guangjun's long mouth sent Taiyuan Gongbian and other handsome soldiers to ride 30 thousand to attack Jincheng; Back to the handsome crowd for 20 thousand to save it, but not yet, make up Jincheng.
Guangxu sent Liang Gong and others out of Wu Yang Xiaxia with more than 10,000 yuan soldiers, and attacked the east with Qin Zhou's secretariat. Tianshui led the Han troops to attack Lintao, Wushi and Heguan, all of which were defeated.
Dry return makes people delay the cloud: dry return to collapse and rush into the discipline. Hu Sansheng, a adherent of the Song Dynasty in the Yuan Dynasty, recorded in Notes on the New Learning of Zizhi as a Mirror: "Ji Chengjin is a general of Zhou Qin." According to this, Jiaqing's "Rebuilding the Great Unity" said: "The ancient city of Ji Cheng is in the north of Qin 'an County, Qin Zhou", and the discovery of Dadiwan culture proves that this assertion is completely correct.
Surprisingly, Jingning's position is clearly pointed out in many ancient books: Hanshu? Geography "contains:" Tianshui County has Ayang County. "Lv Hou? Gao Houji said, "In June of six years ... the Xiongnu Koudidao attacked Ayang. Yan Shigu's Note: "Ayang also belongs to Tianshui County." .
Today's folk book or river yang is located in the northwest of Longshui, so it is called river yang. "Tongdian" says: "North of Longcheng County belongs to Tianshui County, also known as Heyang." "Taiping Yuhuan Ji" Longcheng County said: "Heyang County is an old city, equivalent to Han Zhi County.
It is also in the northwest of the river, so it is called Heyang. "Water Classic Note" said: "The water source of Wating Pavilion comes from Dalongshan in Jingning, and there are two tributaries, Longshui and Dalongshan.
The secondary water flows to the Lujiaokou in the southwest of Park Square River, and also flows into the Lujiaokou in the west, and flows to the east of the county town as the primary water (Wating water) in the south, and then enters Hulu River and flows into Weihe River.
The old town of Ayang lies in the northwest of this river. "Visible Ayang namely Jingning county is beyond doubt.
According to the Records of Geography of Hanshu, there are sixteen counties such as Ji Cheng and Ayang in Tianshui County, and Ayang County and Jicheng County coexist. Since Ayang County is Jingning County, where is Ji Cheng County? There are four very important sentences here: "The Record of Geography" says: "Ayang County is in the north of Gucheng County." "Historical Records and Rhymes: A Modern Interpretation" says: "Ayang, a county in the Western Han Dynasty, belongs to Tianshui County.
Northwest of the ancient city, Pingliang, now south of Jingning House. "
"Golden history? Geography: "Qin Zhou has Qin 'an County, an ancient city of Han Dynasty. "Yang Shoujing said Qin 'an is" the old town of Jicheng County since the Han Dynasty, which should be called the old town. "Tell us clearly: Qin 'an, also known as the old city, is the territory of Ji Cheng County, and Ayang County (now Jingning County) is in the northwest of the old city of Ji Cheng!
New Tang book? Geographically, Tianshui County, Qin Zhou, is the capital of Zhongdufu.
In the twenty-second year of Kaiyuan, Sichuan was governed by earthquake migration.
In the first year of Tianbao, he was placed in trust again, and moved back to the discipline for three years. "Accordingly, Cheng Documentary was ruled by Qin Zhou, but the land was moved to Qin 'an, so it was listed as the first county in New Tang Book.
(Note: The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty was written at the end of the Jin Dynasty. Because of its brevity and lack of textual research, the Song Dynasty ordered Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi to rebuild the New Tang Book. ).
"Yuanhe County Records" says: "Ji Cheng County is 100 miles southeast.
..... Wating River, east of the county seat 15 miles. "Interpretation of Tongjian Geography" says: "The city is three miles north of Qin 'an County. "Jiaqing Reconstruction and Unification Annals" says: "The ancient city of Ji Cheng is in the north of Qin 'an County." According to the last four books, the ancient city of Ji Cheng is in the north of Qin 'an County.
According to Yuanhe's records, its former site should be in Guojia Town, northwest of Qin 'an County, southeast 100, and away from Wating Water (now Hulu River) 15, with the same orientation.
Since the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, this area has been located at the intersection of Longyou, with the western part owned by Tubo and the eastern part successively owned by Qi, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Zhou, Former Shu and Later Shu.
The general examinations in various countries are as follows: ① Qi: Li was named as Fengxiang's envoy, and later called Qi Wang, because he was meritorious in escorting him to Sichuan.
According to the southeast of Qin Zhou, there are three counties: Ji Cheng, Qingshui and Long Island.
State governance is the discipline, that is, Guojia Town in the northwest of Qin 'an County.
(2) Late Tang Dynasty: According to the southeast of Qin Zhou, the rule of the country is a discipline.
Long Island, Ji Cheng and Qingshui were originally three counties, and then Tianshui and Longcheng were added.
"Five Dynasties Meeting" said: "In February of the third year of Changxing in the late Tang Dynasty, Qin Zhou played: Guan Changdao, Ji Cheng, Qingshui three counties, eleven towns, and was recruited as a town general.
Now please take Guihua, Shushui, Wulong and Huang Tu as four towns, and restore Guihua Town to the old Longcheng County.
Chisha, Dyeing House, Sunset, Nantai and Wu Tie five towns, Chisha Town restored the old Tianshui County.
Its three towns, Baishi, osawa and Lianggong, belong to Changdao County.
Follow it. (3) Later Jin Dynasty: It is said that there is southeast Qin Zhou.
There are five counties: Long Island, Qingshui, Ji Cheng, Longcheng and Tianshui, and the national governance is Ji Cheng.
④ Before Shu and after Shu: According to the southeast of Qin Zhou, there are Qin Zhou, Ji Cheng, Tianshui, Longcheng, Long Island and Qingshui; Liangdang and Hechi in Fengzhou are two states and seven counties.
Qin Zhou ruled as a discipline.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, this area belonged to Qingfeng Road.
Zhou Qin has Ji Cheng, Longcheng, Qingshui and Tianshui; Hechi and Liangdang in Fengzhou; Ningyuan and Yongning of the Duke of Zhou; The long road of Zhou Min is divided into four states and nine counties.
Zhizhi Prefecture, today's Tianshui City.
In the Southern Song Dynasty, Weishui belonged to Jin in the north and Song in the south.
Xiqin Road is located in Jin, which has jurisdiction over five counties, namely, Qingshui, Longcheng and Qin 'an.
Zhizhi Prefecture, today's Tianshui City.
In the Yuan Dynasty, this area belonged to Shaanxi Province, and was in Qin Zhou with Ji Cheng, Qingshui and Qin 'an. Gong Changfu's shackles, Ningyuan and Fu Qiang; Huizhou and Dangdang; Western states, including one government, three states and seven counties.
In the Yuan Dynasty, Ji Cheng was under the rule of Qin Zhou, so the current address is Tianshui.
"Yuan history? Geography: "Zhou Qin has Ji Cheng County." At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Ji Cheng County was revoked and merged into Qinzhou Prefecture, and Ji Cheng County disappeared.
To sum up, Han refers to Qin 'an County, and after Tang refers to Tianshui City! (The above information quoted netizens as "hiding in the internet", who are very familiar with the geography and history of ancient history books such as the Twenty-Four History, and are rigorous in their studies, knowledgeable and courageous! ! )