Seeking Translation Du Yu: Excerpts from Preface to Chunqiu Zuozhuan Collection

Spring and Autumn Annals, the name of Lu's history book. People with good memory take things as the sky, the solar system as the month and the month as the time, because.

It is the year at that time, to commemorate the distance and difference. Therefore, according to historical records, the year must be the first. There are four seasons in a year, so it's wrong.

Tell me the name you remember. There is a historian in "Zhou Li", who is in charge of things all over the country and achieves the wishes of all directions. The rulers of various countries also have their own national history. Memorabilia in strategy, little things are just an armchair strategist. Mencius said: "Chu's Kongtong said that Jin's Cheng said that Lu's Chunqiu said that it was actually the same thing." When Han arrived in Lu, he saw Yi Xiang and Lu Chunqiu and said, "Zhou Li is in Lu. Now I know the virtue of Duke Zhou, who is the king of the world. What Han Fei saw ",this week's old gift. The decline of the Zhou Dynasty resulted in official dereliction of duty. In the world, you can't tell the planner about the bright spring and autumn, and all the notes are illegal for many times. Confucius wrote a book in Lv Ce to verify its authenticity, but he was interested in ceremony. In order to follow Zhou Gong's system, the following explains the method of the system. Where he taught, the article was damaged, but it was changed as a warning, and the rest was old history. History has culture, and the words are detailed, so there is no need to change them. So Zuo Zhuan said, "Its benevolence." Ask again: "Who can fix it without a saint?" This is the ambition of the Duke of Zhou, and Confucius understands it. Zuo Qiuming accepted Confucian classics and thought that classics played an indelible role. Therefore, some people start their work by passing on the classics first, some people pass on the righteousness all the time later, or according to the reasoning, some people make mistakes by combining different classics and follow the righteousness. His example is very important, and there is a legacy of old history, which is not the main reason for the sage to practice. As a national history, if you read a book in person, you must remember it clearly and in detail. His article is slow and profound, and scholars should keep studying it and will soon study its branches and leaves carefully. Excellent and gentle, let them go, just eat, let them go by themselves. If the sea water is soaked, wet and the ice melts, it is wrong. His hair is always written in words, which is the usual system of governing the country, the vertical method of the Duke of Zhou, and the regulation of history books. Confucius therefore built it into a classic whole. It is subtle and subtle, divided into several categories, all of which indicate positive or negative actions according to the usual meaning. These are called "books", "don't believe", "write first" and "why write", "don't say", "don't say" and "write", all of which are based on new and old, based on different examples. But some people do not believe, so they designate him as a righteous man. This is a new idea in the Spring and Autumn Annals, and it goes without saying that it is easy to pass on. Its classics have no style, because of its actions, so the legend tells the truth of its theme, not examples. So there are three modes of transmission, and there are five cases as examples. First, it is slightly obvious. The article appears here and the uprising is there. It's called clan, made by your father; Besides your family, your wife. The demise of Liang, the mausoleum on the edge of the city and so on. The second is to hide. Simple expression system, push to understand the rules, attend meetings, discuss and so on. The third is to be tactful and logical. From Yi Xun to Xiu Shu in Song Dynasty, there were famous monarchs, land of jade loans and so on. Fourth, it is sufficient and pollution-free. Straight books, reading, Dan lettering, Wang Wen che, Qi Xianjie and so on. The fifth is to punish evil and promote good. If you die in pursuit of fame, you have to stamp it, record the seven treasures thief, betray your name three times and so on. From these five books, we can find the classics. Inspired by analogy, it keeps growing, with 242 years of action, the king is right, and the human record is ready. Some people say that Spring and Autumn Annals has the meaning of interlacing. If, as you said, there are some things in the classics that are different in the same language, there is no such meaning. According to ancient Confucianism, it is not like this. He replied: Although Chunqiu is based on one word, it needs several words to make a statement. Unlike gossip, it can be cut into 64 hexagrams, although it should be judged according to the explanation. There are too many people who say Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals in ancient and modern times. At present, we can see more than a dozen of his posthumous works, all of which are imitations, but we can't make the best changes in the complicated scriptures, and we can't keep the Biography of Zuo Qiuming. The biographies in Zuo Zhuan are all confused, drowned and unfortunate. On the other hand, the introduction of Biography of Ram and Gu Liang also brought order out of chaos. Participate in today's differences and study the spread and interpretation of Zuo Zhuan. Classic terms must be autobiographical; The style of communication always belongs to everyone. It is estimated that the wind of praise and criticism came, and Jane II spread heresy, referring to Zuo Qiuming. He has doubts and mistakes, so he lacks a complete theory to wait for future sages. However, Zhuang understands the great righteousness, and Jia Jingbo and his son promised me that you are all beautiful things of Confucianism. Finally, there is a clever son, strict, although shallow and close, also known as home. Therefore, it is suggested that the people, businessmen, Xuchang and Yingchuan violate it to show the difference. The years passed are consistent with the age of biography, and compared with its category, it is called "collection of classics" according to its solvability. Another set of cases, place names, pedigrees and experiences, are divided into 40 volumes 15 volumes. Show the similarities and differences, to give up, that is, to explain. Ask students to observe what they have collected, different explanations and detailed explanations. Some people say that the authors of Spring and Autumn Annals, Zuo Zhuan and Gu Liang have no clear text. Critics believe that Confucius returned to Shandong from defending the country, and the revised "Spring and Autumn Annals" ambassador and Zuo Qiuming will always be me. The people in "Biography of Ram" also said that they were threatened by Zhou. In order to escape the harm at that time, some articles had obscure meanings. Biography of the Ram is famous far and wide, but Zuo's Biography of the Ram died in. Excuse me, who are you? He replied, it's not what I heard. Confucius said, "When King Wen dies, I have all kinds of essays!" ! "The original intention of this system. Sighed and said, "The Yellow River won't draw unless the Phoenix comes. I have been there! " "Because of the measures taken when Wang was injured. There are five spirits, and the emperor is auspicious. Now is not the time for Kirin to appear, and the person who responded has lost his position. This is what the sage should be grateful for. The broken pen was originally felt at the end, and Lin won in one sentence. However, did Chunqiu start from Lu Yingong? He replied: Zhou Pingwang was enthroned in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty; Yin Gong, let the country be virtuous. During the inspection, it was connected, saying that the nations were in their place, and according to them, they were the heirs of the Duke of Zhou. If Wang Ping can pray for a long life, Yuan Shao will open ZTE; The beauty of the Western Zhou Dynasty can be found, but there are no traces of Zhou Wenwang and Zhou Wuwang. Therefore, according to his experience, according to his deeds, he adopted the old ones of Zhou dynasty to become the king's righteousness and learn from future generations. The king wrote Wang Ping's; The calendar used is comprehensive and correct; The so-called male is Lu Yingong's. Where is Zhou He's? You said, "If someone uses mine, am I from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty?" That's what it means. As for the articles written, it is common sense, not concealment. The articles used are all tested, and the emotional expression language is profound and vague. It's not that I've heard that saints wrap up all their defenses, and when they're made, they have to hide to avoid disaster. Luz wants the students to do it for me. Confucius thought it was cheating God. It is not common to say that Confucius will always be king and Zuo Qiuming will always be with me. The ancients believed that after three years of production, the article caused Lin. Now that you are possessed, quoting classics leads to the death of Confucius, and recently you have been framed. Ram won Lin after stopping, but Zuo's is not a rebellious number, so I think it is realistic to stop at its origin. As for wiping my face with anti-sleeves, there is nothing to boast that I have come to an end.