65438+ In the 1980s, after the country was unified by force, Japan began to expand abroad. At that time, Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1546~ 1598) was a big feudal Lord and a big warlord leader, who was in charge of the national military power. He took advantage of the Lee Dynasty of Korea to indulge in partisan strife, lost his footing, and decided to conquer Korea by force, invade China, and then dominate East Asia.
At that time, the North Korean government was indeed very corrupt politically, and the bureaucrats practiced favoritism and malpractice, especially the partisan struggle within the ruling class, that is, one faction was a hereditary bureaucratic aristocrat and was called the old school; The other school is a new bureaucrat who was born in the local small and medium-sized landlords and received university education, and is called the Shilin School. The two factions went their own way, contended for power and profits, and a large number of people were killed and exiled. The coups continued, the people were miserable, the military equipment was relaxed, and the national strength was greatly weakened, which just provided an excellent opportunity for Japanese aggression.
At the beginning of A.D. 1592, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, the supreme ruler of Japan, set up an army of 220,000 people and a fleet with hundreds of ships and 9,000 crew members, and set off for the Korean coast in batches, thus starting the Non-Chen War.
The first batch of troops (18000) landed in Busan on May 25th 1592 by 350 ships. A few defenders and residents in Busan resisted tenaciously, but due to the disparity in strength, the city was finally captured by the Japanese army. The second batch of troops (22,000 people) who landed on the southern coast advanced northward through Gyeongju, Xiongchuan and Xinning. Almost at the same time, the third batch of troops (1.65,438+0,000) landed at the mouth of Luodong River, occupied Wuqingcheng and advanced to Chunchuan Pass. After these troops landed, Japan transferred its main force (80,000 people) and the rest of the fleet to North Korea. Due to factional struggles, the feudal ruling clique in North Korea could not organize resistance against invaders. A few government troops lost one after another. The Japanese army defeated the resistance of an 8,000-strong North Korean army, seized Quanningguan, and defeated another North Korean army in Chungju, and quickly approached Seoul (the capital). Some local officials in North Korea abandoned their land and fled. The king panicked and abandoned the capital in a hurry. He first ran to Pyongyang and then fled to Yizhou on the Yalu River. In early July, Japanese soldiers entered Seoul without bloodshed. After the Japanese army occupied Seoul, it continued to attack in the northwest and northeast, and was blocked by the strong defense of the North Korean army near the Imjin River. The Japanese army adopted military tactics, pretended to attack and retreat, lured the Korean army out of the fortifications, and then counterattacked and defeated it. Japanese troops occupied Kaesong and Pyongyang. At this point, most of North Korea's territory was lost. The Japanese army burned and looted everywhere, and 60 thousand soldiers and civilians were killed in Jinzhou alone. The Korean people generally organized people's volunteers-"righteous men" (teachers of justice) in non-occupied areas to carry out guerrilla warfare; Raid enemy forts and barracks, especially at night, sneak into enemy camps to harass; Conduct defensive warfare; Burn down the grain depot and destroy the enemy's communication lines. When besieging forts and cities, the North Koreans organized special commandos to kill the enemy's effective forces with "flying thunder". In order to help the defenders trapped in the fortress by Japan, Koreans often make surprise attacks on the enemy's rear.
Driven by patriotic courtiers and the upsurge of anti-Japanese war, King Li Rigong turned to China for help. The Ming court in China believed that the purpose of Japanese aggression against Korea was to "seek China", while our army saved Korea to "protect China". China and North Korea are as close as lips and teeth, so they decided to help fight against Japan. In the autumn of the same year, more than 50 thousand people who thought the company commander and lieutenant Li Wei went to North Korea to resist Japan. In June 5438+the following year 10, with the coordinated support of the Ming army, the patriotic officers and men of North Korea recovered Xijing, Kaesong and Seoul in one fell swoop, the Japanese army retreated to the southern coast, and the whole territory of North Korea was liberated.
The North Korean navy under the command of Li Shunchen, the general of the navy, has achieved fruitful results, repeatedly hitting the enemy fleet and smashing the Japanese army's land and sea attack plan. Before the Japanese invasion, the Korean navy had four independent fleets, two of which were lost at the beginning of the war. Li Shunchen's fleet of 85 warships, with the support of the army, fought against the Japanese fleet and sank more than 40 Japanese ships in several battles. 1592 On July 9th, with the cooperation of Li's Fourth Fleet, we destroyed 12 Japanese warships in Sibeiwan in the north of Nanhai Island. In this battle, the Koreans used a warship covered with iron plates for the first time-"turtle boat", which was not easily injured by enemy gunfire, and was equipped with strong firepower and strong maneuverability. Shortly thereafter, Li Shunchen commanded the entire Korean water army and made several consecutive attacks on the Japanese fleet. 1592165438+10, Li Shunchen won another brilliant victory in Busan. This time, when they found that the main force of the Japanese army (more than 470 ships) had gathered in Busan, Li Shunchen ordered his own ships to sail there, and the turtle boat sailed in the first line. The North Korean navy burned 65,438+000 empty ships abandoned by the Japanese in one day. When the battle developed to landing, the Koreans found that the Japanese army had the advantage of cavalry, so they retreated to the ship and returned to the base. Korean guerrillas, government forces and Qi Xin, a naval force, worked together to drive the enemy out of Seoul. More than 300 Japanese ships were sunk, which frustrated the Japanese plan to go hand in hand with the land.
After the Japanese army suffered heavy losses, it tried to buy time to prepare for a new invasion under the guise of peace talks. At the beginning of 1597, Japan resumed its attack, but it failed. At this time, the China government realized the danger of Japan, so it sent 6.5438+0.4 million troops into the DPRK to help the Korean army fight with the People's Volunteers. At this time, the North Korean water army was also strengthened (more than 5,000 people). The Japanese army retreated to Busan and was later blocked in some ports in southern Korea. 15981June18th, Li Shunchen's navy intercepted more than 500 Japanese warships in Jinwan, Lvliang. The North Korean navy fought fiercely with the invaders, sinking 450 Japanese ships and annihilating the Japanese 10000 people. The Japanese army was completely defeated. In this naval battle, Li Shunchen killed the Japanese generals and beat back many Japanese ships that surrounded the Ming army. Deng Zilong, a 70-year-old veteran of the Ming army, caught fire in his home, and Li Shunchen was hit by a stray bullet when he went to the rescue. Li and Deng died heroically in this naval battle and wrote a glorious chapter in the fighting friendship between the Chinese and Korean people.
The non-Chen war lasted for seven years, and finally ended with the victory of the Korean people and the failure of the Japanese invaders.
This war was a battle in which Korean soldiers and civilians fought side by side and won, which reflected the close relationship between the Chinese and Korean people. Through the Great Patriotic War, the Korean people safeguarded their national independence and national dignity, crushed the Japanese invaders' attempts to embezzle Korea, get their hands on China, and then dominate the East and West, so that the Japanese invaders never dared to trample on Korean territory again for hundreds of years after the war, thus ensuring the long-term stability of North Korea. However, the seven-year war caused great losses to North Korea. Japanese invaders plundered and slaughtered everywhere, burning cities and many villages.
The population of the whole country has decreased by nearly one seventh compared with that before the war, and many people have been displaced. A lot of land is abandoned and the production order is chaotic. Feudal rulers took the opportunity to occupy and compete for land and mountains at will. Therefore, although the victory of the war liberated the people from national oppression, it brought more class oppression.