Jia didn't expect you to reach the top of the world. Jia dare not reread the books on earth, nor dare he reread the things on earth.
-Historical Records and Biography of Fan Ju
Fan Ju was a minister of Qin during the Warring States Period. He is brilliant, resourceful, kind to others, good for evil and respected.
Celebrity history
Uncle Zi was a Wei native during the Warring States Period. In my early years, my family was very poor. Later, he was falsely accused by a doctor, and after suffering, he came to Qin. In 266 BC, he became Qin Xiang, assisting Qin in Zhao Haoqi. He inherited the ambition of filial piety and Shang Yang's political reform to become a powerful country, and initiated the movement that Qin Huang and Li Si unified the imperial industry. He is a famous figure in the history of Qin, and also a strategist who made great achievements in politics and diplomacy in ancient China. Li Si once spoke highly of Fan Ju's achievements and contributions to Qin State in the book "Persuade to Expel": "Wang Zhao became a model, strengthened public office, interfered in private affairs, corroded princes and made Qin State an emperor."
In the thirty-second year (283 BC), Yan led the army of Yan, Chu, Wei, Zhao and Han to attack Linzi, the capital of Qi, and set more than 70 cities in one fell swoop, leaving only Jimo and Giant cities in Qi. The King of Qi escaped and was killed by Chunao's teeth. King Xiang of Qi hastily ascended the throne in Ju 'an in the face of difficulties and obstacles at home and abroad. After the state of Qi, Tian Dan turned the tide, put on an array of fire bulls, defeated the allies and regained 70 cities. Qi was able to avoid national subjugation and revive. The flourishing national situation of Qi made Wang Wei, who broke Qi with Yan, uneasy and afraid of seeking revenge from King Qixiang. So, Wang Wei sent a Chinese doctor Jia to Qi to make peace and fix it.
King Xiang of Qi was very rude to Wei, accusing Wei of being capricious, and said that the death of the former king was related to Wei, which made people gnash their teeth. Jia Ru was speechless and unable to cope. At this time, a man stood behind Su Jia and confidently retorted: "Qi Slips Wang Jiao Violence; Five countries share the same hatred, only Wei? Today, the great king is so brave that he should consider reviving Qi Huangong and Qi Weiwang. If he cares about the gratitude and resentment of Qi Sliding King, but he knows who is responsible and doesn't know how to blame Fan Ju, I am afraid that he will repeat the mistakes of Qi Sliding King. " After listening to these supercilious and incisive words, King JiXiang was not angry with Fan Ju, but secretly admired the man's courage and eloquence. He looked at the young man in front of him carefully and said nothing.
This man is Fan Ju. The Warring States period was an era of militarists and strategists, and lobbying became an important way for scholars to be promoted at that time. Although Fan Ju wanted to travel around the world, lobby the vassals and show what he had learned all his life, because of his poor family, he didn't have the travelling expenses or the expenses for clients to introduce him. I had to work in Dr. Wei Weishuga first, so as to wait and see, wait for opportunities, and then seek a better future. This time, as a follower of Scheeren, he went to Qi with him. When he saw that he was scolded by King Qixiang, he was speechless. To stand up and speak out, one is to save the master, and the other is to safeguard Wei's dignity. Who knows that disaster comes from the mouth; Fan Ju's words brought him unimaginable disaster, so that he almost lost his life.
Besides, I can't erase the figure of the young man who stood up for himself above the imperial court after King Qixiang retired from the DPRK. That night, he sent someone to persuade Fan Ju to stay in Qi and live in harmony with Qin Gui. Fan Ju flatly refused: "I go out with the messenger, but I don't go in with it. If I don't believe in benevolence and righteousness, how can I be a man? " King Xiang of Qi listened and respected him very much. He specially gave Fan Ju ten catties of gold, cattle and wine. Fan Ju is in a foreign country and has a great responsibility. How dare he take advantage of private feed without authorization? He repeatedly refused to accept it. As an envoy, Su Jia was left out in the cold, but his entourage was given preferential treatment, and he was very unhappy. After Fan Ju told the truth, he was ordered to return the gold and keep the cattle and wine. Fan Ju does his bidding.
After returning to Wei, I became more and more angry about it. He blamed Fan Ju for the cold reception of this mission to Qi, and reported Fan Ju's situation in Qi to He. Qi Wei was furious and ordered the arrest and torture of Fan Ju. Fan Ju was beaten black and blue, bloody and hideous. Fearing for his life, Fan Ju held her breath and played dead in a pool of blood. Scheeren mistakenly thought that Fan Ju was dead, so he went to tell Wei Xiang who was drinking. At this point, Wei blushed, ordered the servants to wrap the body in a reed mat and abandon it in the toilet, so that the guests in the family drowned in the mat in turn, and deliberately * * * Fan Ju to warn future generations. Fan Ju knew that a little neglect may lead to great mischief, so he had to bite the bullet. It's getting late. Fan Ju poked his head out of the reeds and saw that there was only one official guarding him. He said quietly, "I was so badly injured. Although I woke up temporarily, I have no physiological reaction. If you can let me die at home and hold a funeral, I will get a lot of money one day. " The pawnbroker saw that Wei Qi was poor and greedy, so he lied to him that Fan Ju was dead. Wei Qi ordered his servant to throw Fan Ju's body into the wild. Fan Ju was able to escape. He climbed home at night and let his family put reed mats in the wild to hide their eyes and ears; At the same time, he sent someone to inform his good friend Zheng Anping to help him hide in the folk, and later changed his name to Zhang Lu, and told his family to go into mourning tomorrow. Fan Ju's estimate is not wrong. When Qi Wei woke up the next day, he suspected that Fan Ju was not dead. When he saw the only reed mat left in the wild, he sent someone to his house to search for it, which coincided with his family's mourning for Dai Xiao. He believed that Fan Ju's body was a dog's dog. Since then, he has no doubt. Fan Ju went to the State of Qin.
In 58 years (257 BC), after being humiliated, Fan Ju sent his relatives and Zheng Anping's army to attack Zhao, which made him very smart and jealous. Wu Wuji, the king of Wei Xinling, defeated Handan at the gates, and Zheng Anping led twenty thousand soldiers to surrender to Zhao. According to the Qin law, "those who are not good at doing things will be guilty." Fan Ju was punished by three families. Wang Nian, King of Qin Zhao, made great contributions and showed mercy outside the law. Instead of treating Fan Ju's crimes, he gave Fan Ju more food to comfort him. Who knows, just two years later, in 255 BC, another confidant of Fan Ju, Wang Ji, had an affair with his ministers as the prefect of Hedong, and was sentenced to heavy punishment for abandoning the city after the defeat. Fan Ju is under suspicion one after another. Although Qin did not delve into it, he naturally had a different taste in his heart and was very careful in his words and deeds. One day, King Lin Chao of Qin Zhao sighed, "Now that Wu Anjun is dead, Zheng Anping and Wang Ji either rebel or surrender. There are many powerful enemies outside, but no good generals inside. I'm afraid that Chu is brave with iron swords, advocating Excellence and far-reaching thinking, so it's really worrying to seek Qin! " Fan Ju recognized the meaning. He knew very well that he was out of favor. His position was in jeopardy. He felt ashamed and afraid, so he had to come up with a retirement plan. Therefore, he retired due to illness, rested at home and refused to appear in court.
Just as he was retreating from Victoria Valley, Ze came to the State of Qin. This man is ugly and poor, but he is brilliant, especially good at eloquence. He traveled extensively in other countries and used his studies for politics many times. It's a pity that he didn't succeed for a long time. At this time, he learned that Fan Ju had lost his mind; Hurry to xiangfu. As the King of Qin said, he threatened: "Cai Ze, a man, is an eloquent man. If you can meet the king of Qin, you will win the Fan Ju phase. " Fan Ju heard this and naturally wanted to see this braggart. Therefore, he immediately summoned Cai Ze and proudly asked, "What can you do, sir?" Cai Ze unhurriedly replied, "How late is your knowledge! As we all know, the Ming army is the blessing of the whole country. The father is kind and filial, and the husband believes in his wife. However, Bigan's loyalty cannot exist in Yin, and his filial piety cannot stop in Jin. What is the reason? Those who have both bodies and names are the best. The name can continue and die, in the middle; He who lives in shame is the most humble. Shang Yang, Wu Qi, Wen Zi and others did their best, were loyal and outstanding, but they were slaughtered, which was very sad. Now, as far as princes are concerned, their fame and achievements are not as good as those of the above three sons, but they are more expensive and private. Look at the belief in the monarch, but it is not as good as the belief in Shang Yang, the belief in Wuqi by King Chu, and the belief in literature by Gou Jian. At this time, I still don't know how to advance and retreat. I'm afraid your disaster is deeper than Shang Yang and others. Don't you know: everything in the world, the order of the four seasons, the loser comes, the winner goes, this is a simple truth; At noon, the full moon is lost, and things are prosperous and declining. This is the world unchanged; Retreat, change with the times, this is the way of saints. You can pity ordinary people and be confused by self-interest so that you don't understand. Just like a swan, a rhinoceros, an elephant, living far away from dangerous places, but being lured by incense bait, they finally died. There is a saying in the book: under success, you can't stay long. Qin Xiang, a secluded Hou with countless seats, couldn't find a corridor temple, sat as a vassal, benefited from Sanjiang, and made Yiyang a reality; Resolve the narrow risks, block the Taihang road, cut off the thoroughfare of Sanqin, and make the six countries unable to unify; The plank road is thousands of miles away, and the world is afraid of Qin. Qin's wish has come true, and your merits are great. Just as Qin advised him to withdraw, Shang Yang, Wu Qi and three people were all devastated. Why not give up printing and sage? "
Cai Ze talks about people and safety. His words are touching, and his words are touching. After all, Fan Ju is a smart man, and he knows what he is doing. So he was busy meeting Zhao Haoqi, praising the sage of Cai Ze and recommending his generation as relatives. In the fifty-second year of King Qin Zhao (255 BC), Fan Ju claimed to be ill, made a fool of himself, and soon died in his fief Yingcheng.
Fan Ju is not only a famous figure with profound wisdom in the history of Qin, but also a rare political strategist in ancient China.