The first paragraph of the article describes the grand occasion of the Lanting party and writes the deep affection of the participants. First point out the time, place and reason of the party, and then introduce the number and scope of participants. "A group of sages arrive, and a few grow salty." Then write about the beautiful environment around Lanting. Write in the distance first: "Mountains and rivers, Maolin xiuzhu"; Then write "clean flow and turbulence" near the low place; Then always write a note: "Play around".
Simple language. Poetic and picturesque. Based on the description of the scenery, the poems on the stream are introduced, and it is pointed out that the content of the grand ceremony is "one poem and one chant", "talking about bosom friends" and "although it is not as prosperous as a string", which is a pen set off by the opposite side and expresses the pleasing feelings with additional pictures.
Finally, it is pointed out that the day of the event coincides with the weather, and "Clear Sky Wan Li" provides favorable conditions for the following "looking up" and "looking down"; Hui Feng He Chang echoes with The Beginning of Late Spring.
The beautiful scenery here and now enables "looking up", "overlooking", "enjoying the scenery" and "audio-visual entertainment" to get rid of secular troubles, enjoy the beauty of nature to the fullest and express their thoughts. At this point, the author summed up the feelings of the participants as "music". The brushwork is concise and neat, with no traces of axe chisel.
In the second paragraph of the article, I expounded my views on life, and felt that life was too short and major events were rare. Following the word "Le" above, I felt all kinds of feelings. First of all, use the word "or" to comment on the two different concrete manifestations of "people are facing each other and throwing their lives" from the positive and negative comparison. One is "let's talk in one room, each taking what he needs", and the other is "leaving the wave because of entrustment".
Then it is pointed out that although their performances are different, their mood is the same. That is, when they are happy with what they have encountered, they will be "quick and self-sufficient", but the feeling of "I don't know that old age is coming" is aimed at the pleasure of the party full of audio-visual entertainment in the text, focusing on joy and forgetting sadness.
Then, the joy of "meeting happiness" leads to the worry that "feelings move with the times", writing happiness leads to worry, and exclaiming that "with the times, there will be an end". At this point, the article advances to the big question of life and death. Finally, Confucius' sentence "Death is great, life is great" is quoted to sum up the whole passage, and the "pain" in the author's heart is completely revealed.
The last paragraph explains the reason for the preface. Following the discussion on the feeling of "it's good to come back from the dead" in the above article, starting from personal experience, the article points out that every time I find that "the reason why the old people were excited at that time" is exactly the same as my own, I can't help but mourn, but I can't tell you why. Then he turned to criticize Laozi and Zhuangzi's views on "a person's life and death" and "Peng Qizhi's sadness", thinking that this is completely "fake birth" and "fake works".
Scholars in the Eastern Jin Dynasty praised Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi and liked empty talk of nihilism. Zhuangzi thought that all natural things "died after the gentleman" (Zhuangzi's theory of everything), and put Peng Zu, who lived a long life, on an equal footing with his children who died young, and thought that "Peng Zu died after he died".
The author can go against the trend of the times. It is commendable to boldly deny this idea of Laozi and Zhuangzi, and then the author made a further inference from the facts of ancient times: "Look at the present in the future and look at the past now."
Based on this understanding, it is only to "list the characters and record their descriptions" for future generations to read. Although "things are different" in the future, "so I got pregnant." Its consistency is also. "This theoretically explains why the Preface to Lanting Collection was compiled. The last sentence explains the purpose of the preface, which aroused the feelings of future generations. The words are straightforward, but the feelings of development are endless.
This preface is concise, elegant and meaningful, which represents Wang Xizhi's prose style. And its words are exquisite and catchy. It is a masterpiece of ancient parallel prose. Preface to Lanting Collection has its own merits in several aspects of parallel prose. Syntactically, the antithesis is neat and the meaning of the sentence is juxtaposed, such as "a group of sages are all, and a few are long and salty" and "the temple is big."
Look down on the prosperity of the category ","or talk arm in arm; Or because of entrustment, let the waves go beyond the skeleton. "antithesis is relative, the rhyme is harmonious, there is no trace of axe chisel, the language is fresh, simple and natural.
The words that belong to the discussion part are also very simple and expressive, and only simple and memorable allusions such as "Peng Qi's sorrow" and "mending the wedge" are used in the allusions. This simple style of writing is in sharp contrast with the gaudy style of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
This article embodies Wang Xizhi's positive outlook on life, which is in sharp contrast with the inaction advocated by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi.
affect
As a calligraphy work, Preface to Lanting Collection has always been regarded as a classic and known as the "first running book". His calligraphy is elegant and fluent, such as flowing water and vigorous brushwork. It is said that Wang Shu's original work has been sacrificed by Emperor Taizong. In the Song Dynasty, Lu You said with emotion in the ancient poem "Postscript Feng Lanting": "Cocoon paper hides Zhaoling, and we will never see each other again in a thousand years. This is a bone, which is better than Lanting noodles. "
However, the Zhaoling Tomb of Emperor Taizong was stolen by Wen Tao in the Five Dynasties, and the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion was not among the stolen items, so it is generally believed that the Preface to the Lanting Pavilion existed in the Ganling where Tang Gaozong and Wu Zetian were buried together.
Emperor Taizong got the original, and ordered Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang, Feng Chengsu, Ou Yangxun and others to copy and engrave it, and gave it to the prince and the modern minister, which was called "copying in the Tang Dynasty" in history. The existing manuscript is "Dragon Book", with 28 lines and 324 words. Its composition, structure and brushwork are quite unique, and it is considered to be the best copy. Stone carvings are the first to promote "fixed objects".
From 65438 to 0965, there was a debate in Chinese mainland academic circles about whether the Preface to the Lanting was written by Wang Xizhi. See the debate of Lanting.
Zhao Meng at the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty? It is also deeply influenced by the preface of Lanting collection.
The above contents refer to the preface of Baidu Encyclopedia-Lanting Collection.