Yu Meiren is the most famous masterpiece of Li Yu's ci, which has its unique artistic characteristics: it begins with a strange topic, which is justified, but it breaks the wind; Be good at using line drawing techniques and skillfully express life feelings with images; Reality corresponds, the universe and people come down in one continuous line; The author is good at visualizing abstract feelings with appropriate metaphors. Yu Meiren has been passed down through the ages because of its unique artistic charm.
Keywords: strange question, simple description, true and false metaphor
Appreciation of Yu Meiren is the most famous masterpiece of Li Yu's ci, and it is also his last words. Li Yu's reign 15, indulge in pleasure. After his national subjugation, he was captured by the Song Dynasty and lived as a prisoner in humiliation for three years. His early poems have narrow themes, which are nothing more than expressing court life, love between men and women or sadness of parting, and are of little value. After the national subjugation, the lonely and sad situation obviously affected his creation, which made his later ci poems present different styles and made some new achievements in his ci creation. This experience forced him to wake up from the life of leading a drunken life and face the cruel reality. He poured out his deep sorrow and great pain of "Lacrimosa every day" in his poems, among which Young Beauty is the most representative, revealing his undisguised yearning for the motherland between the lines. The whole word begins with asking questions, ends with answering questions, ends with asking questions, and ends with asking yourself and answering questions. Through the strong tone and tortuous artistic structure in Regret for the Past, the author's melancholy runs through and forms a refreshing aesthetic effect. This famous masterpiece is unique in art;
First, it is reasonable to ask a strange question, but it is empty.
The first two sentences are "When are the spring flowers and the autumn moon? How much do you know about the past? " It sets the tone of the whole word "worry". Spring flowers and autumn moon are beautiful things and a true portrayal of the author's past court life. In the first half of his life, Li Yu, as the monarch of the Southern Tang Dynasty, lived a luxurious life, with flowers and plants, singing and dancing, and being happy. But now he is a prisoner. Seeing the endless spring flowers and the autumn moon, thinking of the past prosperity and the gap between environment and psychology, I feel both beautiful and boring, because they all connect the author's feelings of much transformed things and reflect his anxiety in a foreign land, which is used to describe a prisoner's state of mind of crying for Long song under the condition of perfect harmony. So many people use the beautiful "spring flowers and autumn moon", but the author earnestly hopes that it will "disappear" as soon as possible; The "east wind" in the small building brings the information of spring, but it makes the author sigh "unbearable" and asks a strange question "When?" Seemingly bizarre, but reasonable, it can be said that "all environmental languages are perceptual" (Wang Guowei).
"How much do you know about the past?" The "past" in one sentence reflects the author's obsession with the little emperor's life. In the past, there were luxury goods, harem beauties and the honor of "the land of kings in the world". But what the author misses more is not material enjoyment, and the prisoner-like life makes him feel the value of freedom. Without human dignity, happiness is out of the question. Since it is an inevitable decline, his own limitations and the situation at that time can't make him see a better future, and even the sense of security for survival no longer exists. Therefore, any good thing, this situation is nothing more than the cause of "trouble."
Second, be good at using line drawing techniques and skillfully express life feelings with images.
The scenery description, narration, lyricism, naturalness and reasonableness in Ci poetry are exactly what Ci poets admire. "Nature is the most important word. Natural people don't carve, borrow, color or explain. " (Shen Xianglong, On Ci). For example, the phrase "the east wind blew in the small building last night, and the old country could not bear to look back at the bright moon" constituted an artistic conception that the brush could not achieve, and wrote the life feelings of other countries after their demise. "The East Wind in the Small Building Last Night" pointed out that time was passing, and another year passed. He returned to the Song Dynasty and took care of the beginning. The change of seasons makes him feel infinite, and he feels that people's lives are gradually shattered with the full moon. Through the surface of the text, we can see the author's inner helplessness and sadness. It can be said that one is ten, and less is more.
In order to express the worry of national subjugation, the author mentioned the image of "moon" twice in his ci. Image refers to the psychological image that combines subjective feelings with external objects and images. Liu Xie, a literary critic in Southern Liang Dynasty, said in Wen Xin Diao Long: "Shen Si": "Accumulate learning and store treasures, increase talents with discretion, learn to show poverty, and express words; Then make the mysterious solution, find rhyme and ink, take a look at the craftsman alone, and peek at the elephant; This is Gavin's first skill and the end of the article. " . The post-Ming and Qing images refer to expressing the author's feelings with the help of concrete external objects. The image of "moon" is widely used in China's ancient poems, such as "How bright the moonlight is at home!" "I am worried about the bright moon" and "Tonight, Luzhou Moon, look at her room window alone." It usually expresses the theme of missing hometown and relatives. In this poem, the author transforms his feelings for his hometown and infinite melancholy for today into scenery, skillfully uses the image of "the moon", and shows his melancholy incisively and vividly from the negative angle. At the beginning of this poem, the author reveals deep sadness. Annoying spring flowers and autumn moon, gloomy east wind in the small building, spring flowers and autumn moon, east wind and bright moon are all carefully selected landscapes by the author. These landscapes were originally desirable, but due to the situation at that time, the author was not interested in enjoying them, which added sadness to the air. By contrast, the author writes sadness in a happy scene, which makes people feel sad. Compared with saying "sadness" and "sorrow" in an empty way, its artistic effect is incomparable.
Third, the reality corresponds, and the universe and people come down in one continuous line.
"Young Beauty" uses the artistic dialectics of virtual and real, which complement each other. Through imagination, the description of reality and the past is combined, which opens up time and expands space, thus greatly expanding the capacity of words. Generally speaking, with the help of concrete images, words express abstract sadness in an excited way, describe feelings in scenery and describe emptiness in reality. The first sentence is mainly about writing the scene in front of you with a real pen. Spring flowers, autumn moon, east wind and bright moon are vivid and real scenes. Poets use this kind of scenery with strong emotional color to set off the atmosphere, render melancholy, express emptiness with reality, and strengthen the authenticity and appeal of words. Then I further developed my thoughts and opened my artistic conception. Past, Old Country is a virtual scene in a real pen. Time goes back to the past, from reality to emptiness, and reality is interlinked. I mainly write about my old country with a virtual pen, and then pull it back to reality to "just change Zhu Yan", making the whole word twists and turns and intriguing.
Structurally speaking, the first six sentences are composed of three groups of comparisons, from bottom to top. Repeated comparisons between the eternal universe and the impermanence of life are full of philosophical meaning and profound feelings. The author caught a "poetic eye" with the word "change" as the whole word, which changed not only "Zhu Yan", but also people's status (from monarch to prisoner) and people's mood (from wealth to humiliation). In these six sentences, "when is it, when is the east wind, when should it still be there" comes down in one continuous line, specifically, the universe will never change; And "how much we know about the past, it's hard to remember, and Zhu Yan has changed" comes down in one continuous line, especially that life is short and impermanent. In this way, I sang three sighs, sang the ups and downs and worries of the poet's heart, and sang the infinite feelings that things are different.
Fourthly, the author is good at visualizing abstract feelings with appropriate metaphors.
This word mainly expresses the sorrow of national subjugation, but the feeling of parting is silent, the sorrow is invisible, the invisible color can be captured and the trace can be traced back. How to write such an abstract emotion? The author has his own unique skills. He turned his feelings into landscapes, visualized abstract feelings with appropriate metaphors, and concluded with the sentence "A river flows eastward", which is a famous sentence that uses water to describe sadness and implicitly shows the endless stream of sadness. Reading makes people imagine a vivid picture. The poet seems to have returned to his old capital, Jinling, and stood on the city looking at the mighty Yangtze River flowing eastward. He feels that his troubles are like the river, rolling to the East China Sea wave by wave, which shows that his troubles are like spring water, flowing day and night. Only nine words express the depth and strength of feelings in the rising flow, giving intangible sadness a sense of texture and concreteness. It can be said that the word "Li" has caused widespread * * * because, to a great extent, this sentence is based on an infectious and symbolic metaphor, which makes the sad thought vivid and abstract: the author did not clearly write out the true connotation of his sad thought-missing the happy life in the past, but only showed its external form-"like an eastward flowing river", so that people could easily get some spiritual benefits from it. Because people's worries have different connotations, they can all have the external form of "just like a river flowing eastward". Because "image is often greater than thought", the word Li has a wide sound and is passed down through the ages.
The beauty of youth has touched many people who have lost a good life in the past and now. Although it lacks the strength for people to fight for the future, its flaws do not hide jade, which is still passed down through the ages because of its unique artistic charm.
References:
1, A Brief Analysis of Song Ci in Tang and Five Dynasties, Liu Yongji Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 198 1 Edition.
2. Collection of Appreciation of Tang and Song Poems People's Literature Publishing House 1983 February edition.
3. The pronouns in the Tang Dynasty are noted in Yuelu Bookstore 1984No. 1 edited by Liu.
4. The essence of China's classical literature? 6? 1 Tang and Song Ci volume "Selected Notes of Tang Guizhang", etc. Beijing October Literature and Art Publishing House 1995 April Edition.