Brief introduction of Shanxi merchants in Ming and Qing dynasties;
At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi merchants began to deal in grain and salt, which gradually rose with the huge military demand in the northern frontier of the Ming Dynasty and the implementation of the "Zhong Kai" salt law. Since then, the business field has been expanding. In 2000-300, it traveled all over China and diversified its business to develop foreign trade. Known as a "rich merchant in the sea", Shanxi merchants became one of the most important business gangs in China in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the light years of the Qing Dynasty, Shanxi merchants established a "draft bank" and built a financial exchange network extending in all directions, which integrated commercial capital and financial capital and occupied a leading position in the financial sector for nearly a hundred years. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Shanxi merchants, as a folk economic group under the feudal dynasty system, declined with the great changes in the social, political and economic system.
Unit 1 What's the hurry?
From the Ming Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the wheels of Shanxi merchants loaded northbound were filled with grain and salt, and what rolled out was a chance to live, which was the prosperity of the border town. After the rise of Shanxi merchants, they proudly went south and moved to Weiyang commercial port to face a bigger market. Will never stop, to the north and south of the great river, inside and outside the Great Wall.
Unit 2 Financial Leadership
In the early years of Qing Daoguang, in order to meet the needs of commodity circulation and fund allocation and settlement in commercial activities, Shanxi merchants set up Rishengchang, the first bank in China with financial remittance as its main business. By the middle of Guangxu, the development of Shanxi merchants' draft banks reached its peak, reaching 30 at most and more than 400 semicolons. 85 important towns in China, as far away as some cities in Mongolia, North Korea, Japan and South Korea, form a financial remittance network extending in all directions at home and abroad. Niu Er, who has been in charge of China's financial circles for more than 100 years.
Unit 3 How deep is the yard?
Nowadays, the Shanxi Merchants' Guild Hall in China and the mansion compound in Jinzhong have gone through many vicissitudes. In fact, they want to tell, tell the past prosperous years; It tells the true meaning of "Jin style is more frugal and easy to forgive".