"Remembering Jiangnan" Author: Bai Juyi
Jiangnan is good, and the scenery is familiar to me. When the sun rises, the flowers on the river are as red as fire, and when spring comes, the river is as green as blue. Can you not remember Jiangnan?
When I recall the south of the Yangtze River, Hangzhou is the most memorable. Looking for osmanthus seeds in the middle of the moon in the mountain temple, watching the tide on the pillow in the county pavilion. When will we visit again?
Reminiscing about Jiangnan, followed by recalling Wu Palace. A cup of Wu wine with spring bamboo leaves, Wu Wa dances with drunken hibiscus. See you again sooner or later?
About the author
Bai Juyi Bai Juyi (772-846), Han nationality, courtesy name Letian and Xiangshan Jushi, was born in Xiagui (now northeast of Weinan, Shaanxi). He is a famous figure in the history of Chinese literature. He is a poet and writer with far-reaching influence, and is known as the "Poetry Demon" and "Poetry King". His poems have wide influence in China, Japan, Korea and other countries, and he is the leader of the "New Yuefu Movement". Bai Juyi's ancestral home was Taiyuan, Shanxi. His great-grandfather moved to Xiagui (sounding guī) (now north of Weinan, Shaanxi), and his grandfather Bai Huang moved to Sincheng, Henan. Bai Juyi was born in Dongguozhai Village (today's Dongguo Temple) in the west of Xinzheng City on the twentieth day of the first lunar month in the seventh year of the Dali calendar of Emperor Daizong of the Tang Dynasty (February 28, 772 AD). Bai Juyi lived in Xiangshan, Luoyang for a long time in his later years, and was known as "Xiangshan Jushi". In August of the sixth year of Wuzong Huichang (846), Bai Juyi died in Luoyang and was buried in Xiangshan, Luoyang at the age of 75. After his death, Li Chen, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem to commemorate him and said: "For sixty years, who taught me how to become a poetry immortal on the dark road? The floating clouds are not named Juyi, and the inaction of nature is named Lotte. A boy interprets the song "Eternal Regret" , Hu'er can sing "Pipa", the article has been widely read, and once I thought of Qing, I was the author of seventy-one volumes of "Bai Shi Changqing Collection".
In his later years, Bai Juyi became the crown prince Shaofu. He was given the posthumous title "Wen" and was known as Bai Fu and Bai Wengong in the world. In literature, he actively advocated the New Yuefu Movement, advocating that "articles should be written according to the time, and songs and poems should be written according to the situation." He wrote many poems that lamented the times and reflected the people's sufferings, which had a great influence on later generations. They are the representative of Chinese literature. A very important poet in history. During the Yuanhe period, he served as a Hanlin scholar and Zuo Zanshan doctor. Because he offended the powerful, he was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. He became a Buddhist in his later years. He wrote many poems in his life, among which allegorical poems are the most famous. His language is easy to understand and he is known as "the old woman can understand". Among the narrative poems, "Pipa Play" and "Song of Everlasting Sorrow" are extremely famous.
Origin
The original name is "Looking at Jiangnan", "Dream of Jiangnan", "Jiangnan is Good", and "Spring is Gone", recalling the three poems "Recalling Jiangnan" written by Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. This tune was renamed "Recalling Jiangnan". "Jin Lian Ji" entered "Nanlu Palace". Duan Anjie's "Yuefu Miscellanies": "Wang Jiangnan" was written by Lieutenant Li (Deyu) of Zhu Ya when he was in Zhejiang Province. It was written by Xie Qiuniang, a deceased prostitute. Its original name was "Xie Qiuniang", and the name was later changed." Twenty-seven The word, Sanpingyun. The seven or two sentences in the middle are suitable for parallelism. There is also a lining word added to the second sentence. People in the Song Dynasty mostly used double tone. As the old saying goes, words cannot be written, but actions cannot go far. It has been more than a thousand years since Bai Juyi's poem "Recalling the South of the Yangtze River" was written and has been handed down to this day, and it will continue to be famous for generations to come. So where are these few words? How can one "travel" so far?
This tune has twenty-seven characters. The first sentence is a three-character sentence. The second sentence is a five-character sentence with a flat rhyme and a syntax of two up and three down. The third sentence is a seven-character sentence with oblique rises and obliques. The first and third characters can be oblique or oblique. The fourth sentence is a seven-character sentence with a flat rhyme. The syntax of the fifth sentence is the same as that of the second sentence, so the first character can be flat or oblique. The syntax of the third and fourth lines of this tune is the same as that of the jaw couplet in Pingqi's seven-character poem. This is why the author often uses parallels in order to achieve neatness. Ci poets have always had many examples of this.
As the old saying goes, words without words will never go far. It has been more than a thousand years since Bai Juyi's poem "Recalling the South of the Yangtze River" was written and has been handed down to this day, and it will continue to be famous for generations to come. So where are these few words? How can one "travel" so far?
Appreciation of Bai Juyi's "Recalling Jiangnan"
Bai Juyi once served as the governor of Hangzhou and stayed in Hangzhou for two years. Later, he served as the governor of Suzhou and served for more than a year. In his youth, he roamed the south of the Yangtze River and lived in Suzhou and Hangzhou. It should be said that he had a good understanding of the south of the Yangtze River, so the south of the Yangtze River left a deep impression on him. When he resigned from the post of governor of Suzhou due to illness and returned to Luoyang twelve years later, when he was sixty-seven years old, he wrote these three poems recalling the south of the Yangtze River, which shows that the beautiful scenery of the south of the Yangtze River is still vivid in his heart.
It is not easy to summarize the spring scenery of Jiangnan in a dozen words, but Bai Juyi did it skillfully. He did not start with the usual "flowers" and "orioles" in describing Jiangnan, but ingeniously wrote from "river" as the center. He also used "red as fire" and "green as blue" to contrast the different colors, showing a bright and dazzling Spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. The descriptive technique of contrasting colors is often seen in the poems of the great poet Du Fu, such as "Two orioles sing in the green willows, and a row of egrets ascend to the blue sky", "The green birds in the river are more than white, and the blue flowers in the mountains are about to burn." Two different colors They set off each other, making the poetry bright and picturesque. Bai Juyi also followed this path, and we can see the clues from his poems, "The sunset is redder than burning, and the clear sky is more blue than blue." , Red Column Three Hundred and Ninety Bridge". Therefore, the spring scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, in Bai Juyi's works, has acquired color from the early days, river flowers (probably water flowers), and the river water, and due to the techniques of dyeing and contrast, it has formed the picture in our imagination. The colors are brilliant and dazzling, and the layers are rich. , there is almost no need to think more, the spring scenery of Jiangnan is already in front of our eyes.
Since "it is impossible not to remember the south of the Yangtze River", then in Hangzhou, the place where Bai Juyi stayed the longest, what gave him the deepest feeling? Ancient books record: "There are many osmanthus trees in Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou. The monk said: 'This is the middle of the month.' To this day, when I look at the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, the osmanthus often falls, and the monks also try to find it." Since the monks can find it, it seems that Bai Juyi When I was the governor of Hangzhou, I was very interested in picking up a few of them. I also went to Lingyin Temple many times to look for the osmanthus seeds in the middle of the moon, just to enjoy the osmanthus flowers on the moonlit night of Sanqiu. Bai Juyi is a poet, and naturally he has a romantic temperament. On a moonlit night in August when the sweet-scented osmanthus is fragrant, he wanders under the moonlight and lingers among the osmanthus bushes. Sometimes he raises his head to look at the moon, sometimes he lowers his head to search carefully to see if there are any osmanthus seeds flying from the moon and falling into the shadow of the osmanthus flowers. middle. What a beautiful and moving picture this is. A search for words, and the emotion and scene are combined, the meaning and the scene are met, poetic and picturesque, fascinating.
Perhaps, the osmanthus in the moon is just a legend, then the wonder of Qiantang tide does exist. You may not be able to find Guizi if you look for it, but the tide is a truly visible and deeply felt landscape. The Qiantang River flows from the southeast to the northeast of Hangzhou and enters the sea at Haimen. The Qiantang tide pours in from Haimen every day and night, which is extremely spectacular. The Qiantang tide is the strongest on the three days after the Mid-Autumn Festival every year, and the tide can reach several feet high. Because of this, Bai Juyi wrote that he could see the tide with curling clouds and snow while lying in the pavilion of his county government office. abundant. The first sentence is about running to the temple to find the beautiful legend, and the second sentence is about lying on the bed leisurely and watching the surging tide of Qiantang, with every movement and silence. From this, we can have a glimpse of the various psychological activities contained in the author's heart, and perhaps we can feel the atmosphere of Hangzhou. memorable.
The third poem is about Suzhou. A cup of Wu wine with spring bamboo leaves. Some people may say that green bamboo leaves are not Wu wine. What's going on? Firstly, the bamboo leaves are meant to be paired with the hibiscus in the next sentence. Secondly, "spring" is an adjective here. The so-called spring bamboo leaves do not necessarily refer to bamboo leaf green wine, but to wine that can bring spring. Bai Juyi said in another poem that "the bamboo leaves on the head of the urn ripen in spring". In the mid-Tang Dynasty when Bai Juyi lived, there were many famous wines named after the word spring, such as "Fu Shuichun" and "Ruoxia Chun". Most literati love wine, and Bai Juyi is probably no exception. Drinking Wu wine and watching the "Double Dance of Wu and Wa" is like the dance of a drunken hibiscus. The "baby" refers to a beautiful woman, Xi Shi was called the "baby", and the house built for her by King Wu Fu Chai was called the "Guanwa Palace". Perhaps Bai Juyi wrote this out of association with Xi Shi, a peerless beauty. More than ten years later, when he was in Luoyang, he recalled drinking and watching dancing, and couldn't help but sigh: "Sooner or later we will meet again?" Sooner or later, it was a colloquial expression at that time, meaning when.
Three poems, starting from the present, recalling the past, and finally returning to today, from Luoyang to Suzhou and Hangzhou, from today to the past more than ten years ago, present, past, south, north, time , the space has a huge span. Bai Juyi was in Luoyang, longing for the south of the Yangtze River, recalling the present and the past, and recalling the most unforgettable past events in the south of the Yangtze River with infinite affection, which gave him a certain amount of spiritual satisfaction. When we read this poem today, we can also get some kind of spiritual satisfaction because of Bai Juyi's excellent description. I don't know whether Bai Juyi wrote it for his own memories or left it for future generations to appreciate.
Comments:
① Familiar: Familiar
② Red is better than fire: The color is brighter than flame
③ Blue: Blue grass, the leaves can refine blue dye. The color of blue grass is used here to describe the depth and clarity of the river water.
Simple meaning: Jiangnan is a good place, and I was once familiar with the scenery there. At sunrise, the red flowers on the riverside are brighter than flames. Spring is here, and the river is as green as blue grass. Can you not miss Jiangnan?
Today’s translation:
Jiangnan is a good place, and I am familiar with the scenery there. At sunrise, the rolling waves in the river are redder than fire. In spring, the green water of the river seems to be dyed with blue grass.
How can people not miss the beautiful Jiangnan all the time?
It’s very complete, I hope it can help you O(∩_∩)O haha~