Xiang Mu's "The Elegant Words of Calligraphy"
Contents:
1. Calligraphy System
2. Ancient and Modern
3. Identification of body
4. Form and quality
5. Character
6. Knowledge
7. Rules
8. Constant change
9. Zhengqi
10. Neutral
11. Old and young
12. Deification
13. Mental phase
14. Choices
15. Function sequence
16. Utility usage
17 , Knowledge
1. Book system:
1. The hippopotamus has a negative picture, and Luo Gui presents a book, which is the beginning of writing in the world. The Eight Diagrams drawn by Xi are composed of six lines. This is the inscription of the Holy King. If it is the name of the dragon, phoenix, turtle, and lin, the name of Suiyun Tadpole, the seal script is made by heirs, the ancient Li Yao is popular, and the times are changing and the times are new, it cannot be described in detail. Later, it was passed down to the present day that the seal script was supervised by Yan'er, which lasted through the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. From the Han Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty, the true deeds were repeated one after another, the chapters and chapters were invaded, and the essence of the writing was exhausted. However, the writings of books, the economics of emperors, the scholarship of sages, as well as the inner canon of Xuanwen, the nine schools of a hundred families, the encouragement and punishment of poems, and the admonitions of inscriptions on stele, all cannot be written in this way, so why are they recorded in words? Therefore, the book is a meritorious service, and it flows with heaven and earth, and it is also a person who defends and teaches the scriptures.
Translation: The dragon and horse emerged from the Yellow River, carrying the "River Map" on their backs, and the Shegui emerged from the Luoshui River, carrying the "Luo Shu" on their backs. This is the clue that heaven and earth opened up writing. Fuxi performed the Eight Diagrams, and King Wen of Zhou arranged the six lines. This is the source of the writing of the sage king. As for the names of Dragon Script, Phoenix Script, Turtle Script, and Lin Script, the fonts of Ba Sui Script, Yun Script, and Tadpole Script, the emergence of seal script, and the rise of interest in official script, it is impossible to describe them all with the passage of time, although there are many legendary fonts. , but it has continued to later generations, and only seal script and official script have been passed down to today. From the Zhou Dynasty to the Qin Dynasty, from the Han Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty, regular script and running script were formed one after another, and Zhangcao gradually became the main font of Chinese characters, almost completely laid out and spread. So how did calligraphy appear? The emperor's strategies for governing the country, the writings and scholarship of sages, even the mysterious diction and Buddhist classics, hundreds of schools of thought and various academic schools, the advice of poetry, the instructions and warnings of inscriptions, how can they be recorded without writing? ? Therefore, the efficacy of calligraphy, popular with heaven and earth, is to protect political and religious classics.
2. The husband throws the pot and sets the target, which is still the name of Guan De; the sages explain it, and this is included in the list of immortals. I call Zhong Ni Xian better than Yao and Shun, and others call him Yi Shao and Zhong Zhang. , The great unification is not easy for all generations. The sages of the Tang Dynasty did not seek the strength and track of the body. It is too strict and cautious. The Xian of the Song Dynasty sought for the spirit and spirit, but his fault was that he was unbridled and unbridled; the Xian of the Yuan Dynasty sought for his temperament and body, and his fault was that it was gentle and gentle. During this period, heroes rose up, many of them transcended the ordinary. Looking at the customs and rumors, most of them had their own advantages and disadvantages. I know how to bring luck, and I still practice the rules. Feng, Zhu, Wen and Yao secretly pursued Tang He. Shangzong Yi was young and most of them were afraid of difficulties. Yao and Shun were all capable of doing this, so why should calligraphy and writing be afraid of them? ? Yi Shao is my teacher, and this is what I want to learn. However, since the death of Zhu Wen, the kings of the north and the south have been in chaos; in recent years, they have been competing to imitate Sumi. Wang Ma is superficial, vulgar and weird, easy to know and easy to blame; Su Mi is fierce and boastful, but rarely realizes his mistakes. If this trend is promoted, it will be pursued; if it attacks the heresy, it will cause more harm.
Translation: Throwing pots and setting arrows is just a game, and some people claim that it can observe the character of the participants; while calligraphy is a career that highlights the words of saints and records the wise will, and it should be positioned as a character that transcends the ordinary. Third, Zaiwo claimed that Confucius was more virtuous than Yao and Shun, while I said that Wang Xizhi was compatible with Zhong Yao and Zhang Zhi. Wang Xizhi was passed down as orthodox and remained unchanged for eternity. However, the calligraphers of the Tang Dynasty pursued Wang Xizhi's strength and discipline, but failed to be strict and restrained; the calligraphers of the Song Dynasty pursued Wang Xizhi's spirit and spirit, but failed to be indulgent; the calligraphers of the Yuan Dynasty pursued Wang Xizhi's temperament and posture, but failed to be gentle and weak. Many outstanding calligraphers emerged during this period, and it is not without exceptions. However, a general inspection of the habits and styles of many calligraphers shows that there is basically no superiority. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, we only followed the pattern of the Yuan Dynasty. Fengfang, Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhengming, and Yao Shou privately pursued the Tang paradigm and adopted methods from Wang Xizhi, but most of them were afraid of Wang's difficulties. In fact, everyone can become a saint like Yao and Shun, so there is no need to fear Wang Xizhi. I just need to regard Wang Xizhi as my teacher and study him wholeheartedly. However, after the death of Zhu Yunming and Wen Zhengming, Wang Wen, Ma Yilong and others disturbed the origin of calligraphy, and both the south and the north were not at peace; in recent years, people have been competing to imitate Su Shi and Mi Fu. Wang Wen and Ma Yilong are shallow, vulgar and grotesque, and it is easy to know their shortcomings; Su Shi and Mi Fu are fierce, reserved and proud, and few people notice their faults. Once this kind of culture is promoted, the damage caused will be difficult to repair; committing to learning heresy will be even more harmful.
3. All academic economics starts from the heart. His heart is not right, and his actions are all wrong. Xuansheng wrote "Spring and Autumn", Ziyu was far away from Yang and Mo, and he was afraid that the Taoist generals would decline day by day. How could his words be enough? Liu Gongquan said, "A righteous heart means a righteous writing." Yu Ze said, "A righteous person means a righteous writing." The chapters of "Choice" are not without the meanings of Shang and Han; "The Theory of Equality of Hearts" is actually the same as the thoughts of Confucius and Mencius. Is it true that the Six Classics are not learned by heart? Isn’t it the six books that teach the scriptures? To correct calligraphy is to correct people's hearts; to correct people's hearts is to follow the holy way. Ziyu set out to promote ink in the past, but I left Su Mi in the present, and it will last for thousands of years. When the trainer comes back, he will definitely have the merit of knowing the correct book, and he will be worthy of being a disciple of the saint.
Translation: Moreover, academic articles and state governance strategies are all caused by the human heart. If people are not upright, the thoughts and ideas they cause will be evil. Confucius compiled the "Spring and Autumn Annals", Mencius resisted Yang Zhu, and Mo Zhai's doctrines were all because they were worried about the decline of the righteous way. Aren't their remarks published as a last resort? Liu Gongquan said: "If the mind is upright, the calligraphy will be upright." What I want to say is "If the character is upright, the calligraphy will be upright." The propositions of each chapter of "Selection" below are not without the strictness of Shang Yang and Han Fei. Engraved; the discussions in chapters such as "Phases of the Heart" are indeed in line with the ideas of Confucius and Mencius. Aren’t the Six Classics the study of conscience? Isn’t it writing that spreads the Six Classics? To make calligraphy pure is to make people's hearts pure; to make people's hearts pure is to safeguard the way of saints. In the past, Mencius resisted the teachings of Yang Zhu and Mo Zhai, but now I want to banish the calligraphy of Su Shi and Mi Fu. After my ideas are spread for thousands of years, knowledgeable people will definitely know my achievements in promoting the purity of calligraphy, so that I will be worthy of being a person of the same type as a saint.
2. Ancient and modern times:
1. The writing of letters and deeds originated from Emperor Jie; the bamboo slips of assistants and officials flourished in Yingzheng. He is like Zhiying, a fish, an insect, a leaf, a fish, an insect, a sage leaf. Ji Mengrui was in his day, and his pictures are just like a day. No authentic works have been seen. He is just a false name. His style is lost. What is the basis for research? After the letter is passed on, the value lies in the same text; exploring the treasures and searching for strange things will only be applicable. Therefore, the purpose of calligraphy is to use only seal script, official script, and ancient Chinese scripts, as well as Zhenxing cursive style. The sect of calligraphy is solely based on Xi, Xian, Xiao, and Yong, supplemented by Yu, Chu, Lu, and Yan. If he is in a hurry and flies away, he should also wander his mind; Ou, Zhang, Li, and Liu may be involved in his eyes. The so-called method is to get the best, only to get the middle. The virtuous people who came after me first planned, and I hope to catch up with the wise people who came before me. The people born in today's world cannot learn from the people of ancient times and become a family. There is no need to widely teach the masters. Mi Yuanzhang said: "With the pressure of the times, we cannot live up to the ancient times." Self-painting is very solid. Another saying goes: "The true one is in front of you, and his arrogance is intimidating." The more you fear the other, the more likely you are to be afraid of him. It is said: "If the calligraphy does not enter the Jin Dynasty, it will only be of low quality." "If you see the authentic work, you will be afraid of killing." They not only promoted the two kings to be the only masters of calligraphy, but also discouraged future generations from learning from ancient times. Yuan Zhang's merits and crimes are fully balanced.
Translation: The emergence of ancient writing originated from Cangjie; the convenience of official script originated from Qin Shihuang. Others, such as bird scripts, Zhuansu seal scripts, Zhiying scripts, fish scripts, insect scripts, leaf scripts, and other fonts created due to dreams and auspiciousness, are just occasional depictions of images, with only illusory names. , but no one has seen their true faces. Since their writing styles have been buried, what is the basis for investigation and exploration? To win the trust of today's people and pass it on to future generations, we can only rely on unified writing. However, the fonts mentioned above blindly explore mysteries and search for strange things, but in fact they have no practical value. Therefore, the font names involved in calligraphy are mainly seal script, official script and ancient Chinese script, plus regular script, running script and cursive script; the authentic calligraphy can only be produced by Wang Xizhi, Wang Xianzhi, Xiao Ziyun and Zhiyong, supplemented by Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and Lu Jian Zhihe Yan Zhenqing and others. In addition, Zhang Caofei and Bai Shu should also pay due attention, as can Ouyang Xun, Zhang Xu, Li Yong, Liu Gongquan and others. As the saying goes, if the above-mentioned quality is the target, what can be achieved is only the middle level. Therefore, when learning calligraphy, we must first imitate the talented calligraphers of later generations, and then trace back to the source and pursue the ancient style. It’s not that today’s people are inferior to the ancients, nor is it that they have to be independent and do not need to extensively study the wonderful ideas of ancient masters. Mi Fu said: "Because of the limitations of the times, it cannot be elegant and simple." This is really a serious self-isolation. He also said: "The authentic works of the ancients are before our eyes, and their arrogance is intimidating." This is another excessive fear of the predecessors. He also said: "The calligraphy that does not conform to the style of Jin people is of low quality." He also said that if you can't see the authentic calligraphy of the ancients, you will feel extremely frightened. "Not only did he advocate that only Wang Xizhi and Wang Xianzhi's father and son were the authentic calligraphers, but he also issued various explanations to hinder future generations. It can be said that Mi Fu's achievements were offset by his faults.
2. Alas! There are no scholars in the world. Regardless, there are two problems with those who claim to be able to calligraphy. Those who fish in the rocks and fish in the sea will hide in the Qin and Han Dynasties; Those who say that the present is not as good as the ancients are saying that the present is of ancient quality; those who use slave books as a slander, those who claim to be good at building a family alone are nonsense; those who specialize in the ancients are not like the scholars of the Zhou Dynasty! The Yi Shang Ding is no longer the custom of desecrating respect and drinking; it is also different from the custom of living in a nest in a cave. The way! Yao, Shun, Yu, and Zhou were all saints, and Confucius alone was the greatest saint; Shi, Li, Cai, and Du were all the ancestors of the book, but Youjun was the master of the book.
Translation: It doesn’t matter those who don’t learn in the world, but those who claim to be able to read have two shortcomings: those who search extensively always seek to hide in the Qin and Han Dynasties; those who have a narrow vision often follow the methods of the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The fault is the same whether it is faulty or not. People who generally say that the present is not as good as the ancients always say that the modern books are beautiful and the ancient books are simple; What about the nonsense? Those who only stick to the ancient times, are they following the scholars of the Zhou Dynasty? The Xia Yi Shang Ding is no longer the custom of digging a hole in the ground to serve as a wine statue to drink with the hand; the buildings above and below the palace are all different. It is also different from the custom of living in a nest. If you were born in the three generations and were not the people of the three emperors, why should you follow the ancient way now? So Yao, Shun, Yu, and Zhou were all saints, but Confucius was the only one. Dacheng; Shi, Li, Cai, and Du are all calligraphers, but Youjun is the correct target of the calligraphy.
3. However, those who are ignorant of the ancient times do not understand the beauty of the times, and only focus on one painting. Long, a wave of old strength, false praise of quality, but I don't know that the sages of the three generations and the philosophers of the two Jin Dynasties still have too many simple meanings.
Xuan Sheng said: If you are gentle and polite, then you are a gentleman. Sun Guoting said: In ancient times, people were not good, but now they are not good. Shensi's second language is about changing with the world, following the rules from the heart, and being neutral. It is said that the heaven has not lost its gentleness, and its leisure is less than it is now. It is as humble as a human being. Who can I return to?
Translation: However, the ancient people do not understand the beauty of standing up and acting in accordance with the times, without faults or shortcomings. They are particularly good at one painting, and particularly heroic in one wave. Hu Kua values ????the simple style. Who knows that the sages of three generations and the philosophers of the two Jin Dynasties still have the meaning of primitive simplicity. Xuansheng said: "Wenhua, simplicity and harmony are appropriate, and then a gentleman." Sun Guoting said: "In ancient times, it did not go against fashion, but now it does not mean that it is inferior." Looking closely at these two words, with the passage of time, rules follow one's heart, and neutrality is criterion. If this article says that the sky is not dead, Yi Shao rises again today, and is humble and humble like an ordinary person, who will I follow?
3. Debate:
1. Madam Lingyu All things are governed by the heart. Therefore, what arises from the heart is accumulated as morality, manifested as economics, established as virtue, established as moral integrity, appropriate as articles, and carried out as handwriting. The love is written in letters, the political dynasty is knotted, the merits of the dynasty are deleted, and the gods are so wonderful. If you are not a master of human wisdom, who can master the mystical knowledge and become a god? But people's hearts are different just like their faces, from the inside to the outside, so is the book. Therefore, although the scholars of Ranhan are the same as the Legalists, they have developed their own constitutions and advanced in examination. This is the inherent saying. Sun Guoting said, "Those who are restrained will be disadvantaged by restraint; those who are free from change will lose the rules; those who are brave will be too forced; those who are doubtful will be addicted to stagnation." This is to ignore its strengths and point out its shortcomings. Husband understands his shortcomings and stays in suffering; relying on his strengths, he mostly draws on complacency. Sun Tzu attacked the short side because it was short, and then he stabbed the long side because of the long side. To become unique in a skill, don't be satisfied with one's ability; to learn a special skill, you will advance to the mastery of prescriptions. If you are clumsy in science and engineering, you will be willing to admit your guilt.
Translation: Man is the spirit of all things, because the human body is dominated by the soul. When the mind reaches a certain height, containing it becomes morality, manifesting it becomes talent, cultivating it becomes merit, establishing it becomes moral integrity, expressing it becomes writing, and transforming it becomes handwriting. The merits of the knotted rope method of recording events are the same as those of writing books, and its wonder is comparable to that of gods. If someone is not a highly intelligent person, who can deeply observe the magic inside? But just as people's faces are different, everyone's soul is also different. People's hearts and minds are transformed into writing, which is a variety of different expressions. Therefore, even if those who write books with ink are all experts, they will have their own styles and temperaments in their creations. Our ancestors have long discussed this. Sun Guoting said: "The calligraphy of those who are cautious and scrupulous has the problem of being restrained; the calligraphy of those who are rash and concise has the problem of irregularities; the calligraphy of those who are arrogant and arrogant has the problem of being too violent and urgent; the calligraphy of those who are hesitant has the problem of being unruly. Sluggish and jerky. "Such comments put aside the writer's strengths, and the writer is no longer trapped by shortcomings; relying on his own strengths, the writer will be limited by complacency. Sun Guoting discussed the shortcomings of writers, and I criticized the strengths of writers, so that they can achieve specific strengths without being complacent, devote themselves to a certain aspect, and develop towards a level of comprehensive mastery. My words may not be clever, but my principles are practical. If anyone wants to accuse me, I am willing to accept their accusation.
2. The lady’s temperament is characterized by hardness and softness; the use of her hands is in harmony with each other. Those who are cautious are reserved; those who are indulgent are those who live beyond the rules; those who are quick and vigorous are anxious and have no meaning; those who are slow and serious are timid and do not fly; those who are simple and simple are bold and fresh; those who are rigorous are compact and few. Elegance; the gentle one is charming and unsophisticated; the dangerous one is too harsh in carving; the majestic one is ashamed of being humble; the graceful one is ashamed of being dignified; the elegant one is unsophisticated; the smooth one is unrequited. Flashy; those who drive seem to lack depth; those who are slender and slender are more scattered and slow; those who are refreshing and healthy are bold and courageous; those who are steady and mature lack the novelty. This is all due to the bias of the husband's nature and the closeness of his resources. If he is partial to the ancient style, he is a dull and pedantic scholar; if he is a self-employed person, he is a mediocre official; if he lets his writing rush, he is rash and exceeds the rules; if he hesitates when approaching the pond, he is reserved and nervous; if he is devoted to tranquility, he is dry and steep. But the appearance is rare; those who work alone are rich and beautiful, but they are rich and fresh but lack of bones. This person also prefers to be indulgent and willing to give up. Secondly, teachers should be taught according to their aptitude, and self-learners should first overcome their own limitations. Shensi's second language is tired and forgotten. As the world goes by and people advance and retreat, why worry about the style of calligraphy not being in harmony?
Translation: Human beings have strong and soft temperaments, which come from their natural endowments; the use of hands is sometimes inconsistent with the mind, and sometimes it is in harmony with it. The calligraphy of a person who is strict and steady is restrained and unsophisticated; the calligraphy of a person who is bold and elegant deviates from the classic style; the calligraphy of a person who is agile and strong is surprising, hasty and not subtle; the calligraphy of a gentle and cautious person is restrained and inactive. ; The calligraphy of a person who is concise and straight-forward will be blunt and abrupt but not dynamic; the calligraphy of a person who is serious and dense will be restrained and solid but not elegant; the calligraphy of a person who is gentle and moist will be beautiful and charming but lacks high-mindedness; the calligraphy of a person who pursues details and strangeness , the calligraphy of a majestic and majestic person is inherently lacking in calmness and gentleness; the calligraphy of a person who is euphemistic and cheerful is lacking in strictness and solidity; the calligraphy of a solemn and simple person is almost blunt but not dull. The calligraphy of a person who is elegant and graceful is too flashy; the calligraphy of a person who is quick and lively seems to lack precision and depth; the calligraphy of a person who is delicate and gorgeous is often loose and slow; the calligraphy of a person who is cheerful and vigorous is often slow and loose. Calligraphy involves the disadvantages of being bold and arrogant; especially for experienced people, the calligraphy lacks novelty and interest. All of these are based on the preferences of their respective temperaments, and they have achieved calligraphy styles that are close to their qualifications.
In addition, the calligraphy of those who stick to the ancient style is like that of a rotten Confucian who is slow to walk; the calligraphy of those who only act based on their own subjective intentions is like that of a vulgar and narrow-minded official; the calligraphy of those who let the pen go fast is rash and goes beyond the rules; Those who are hesitant in picking up a pen to write will have their calligraphy reserved and their expressions affected; those who only pursue freshness and vigor, their calligraphy will be dry and abrupt and lacking in appearance; those who blindly practice plump and gorgeous calligraphy, their calligraphy will be thick and bright but lacking in beauty. Bone strength. This is another person who likes to indulge his own temperament and is willing to abandon himself and others. However, the important thing for those who teach is to identify the target, and those who teach themselves must first restrain themselves. Study these two words carefully, and disgust and fatigue will be forgotten. Just go with the ups and downs of the world and consider the characteristics of people's temperaments to decide the direction of advancement and retreat. Why worry that the style of calligraphy cannot reach a neutral state?
4. Shape and quality:
1. Between the dome and the earth, there are teeth, angles, claws and wings. The things are not complete, but the energy is there. The body of the book is diverse, and people have different attainments
It is necessary to have all the wonderful things at the same time. There is probably no complete book in ancient and modern times. However, the energy of heaven and earth, rain and cold, wind, thunder, frost and snow, come and go in time, and all things are prosperous; if there is too little, all chemicals will be destroyed. Therefore, the sage has the function of counselor, and the king and prime minister have the responsibility of Xie Li. They all use the yin and yang to coordinate the vitality. Therefore, people are endowed with the same nature and have different temperaments and habits, but they are just called Zhongxing, Kuang, and Yong. Therefore, people are at ease with books, and they are nothing more than harmonious, fat, and thin.
Translation: No creature between heaven and earth can have teeth, horns, claws and wings at the same time. This is the result of natural creation. There are various postures and styles of calligraphy, and people have different attainments. If calligraphy must have all the wonderful features, then I am afraid that there will never be truly perfect calligraphy from ancient times to the present. However, the atmosphere of heaven and earth changes. There are rainy days, sunny days, warm and cold days, wind and thunder, frost and snow. If they change in accordance with the sequence, all things will grow prosperously; and if they are either very few, Either too much, and the growth of all things will be destroyed. Therefore, the sages and sages participated in the deeds of assisting creation, and the emperors and generals had the important task of harmonizing the yin and yang of heaven and earth. These are all used to regulate yin and yang and harmonize vitality. Although people's nature is the same, people's endowments are different, and their acquired habits are also different. Generally speaking, they can be roughly divided into three categories: those who are moderate, those who are blindly enterprising, and those who are conservative. Calligraphy is learned from the heart and should be learned from the hands. Therefore, people's performance in calligraphy can be divided into three categories: neutral, fat, and thin.
2. Ruo Er Shu also means short and short, harmonious balance of light and heavy, appropriate yin and yang, hardness and softness complementing each other. According to the Jewish philosophy of physiognomy, it is neither fat nor thin, neither long nor short, and is beautiful. Yes, this is the book of action. If you focus on clear energy, you will tend to be thin. If you are thin, your bones will lose strength and your body will become barren. If you are alone, you will be rich and beautiful, but you will be fat; if you are fat, your body will always be beautiful, but your bones will be weak. When it comes to appearance among the Ho people, it is not considered good to be thin but with the bones exposed, and fat with the flesh exposed; it is considered good to be thin but not show the bones, and fat but not show the flesh. It makes the bones thin and sharp, coupled with the denseness, elegance and smoothness, dignified and graceful, making it thin but plump. The body is fat and slender, coupled with the convenience and strength, it is smooth and elegant. Although it is fat, it is solid and beautiful. Those who are thin and plump are called clean and wonderful, and those who are unclear are not good. Those who are fat and beautiful are called rich and beautiful, and those who are not rich are not beautiful. Therefore, Feiyan and Wang Qiang are equally beautiful, and Taizhen and Caiping are equally beautiful. For example, the four quarters of osmanthus, the five petals of plum, the fragrance of orchids, the clusters of chrysanthemums, the richness of peony, the brilliance of hibiscus, all have the same emerald shape and unique texture and fragrance. The people who live near the pond advance and retreat between fat and thin, and have learned deeply about the beauty of neutrality. This is why they advance and move in the middle because of their madness. Be careful not to be violent and give up.
Translation: Judging calligraphy is like judging appearance. Not fat or thin, not tall or short, is the right beauty. If there is such a kind of calligraphy, the length is appropriate, the weight is balanced, the yin and yang are appropriate, and the hardness and softness are balanced, then it is just the right calligraphy. If we only advocate freshness and strength, calligraphy will tend to be thin; if the characters are thin, although the bones will be strong, the body will inevitably be thin. If you blindly pursue beauty, calligraphy will tend to be on the fat side; if the characters are fat, although the body is often beautiful, the spine is often weak. Just like when people evaluate appearance, if you are so thin that your bones are exposed, and if you are fat enough that your fat is exposed, it is certainly not beautiful; if you are thin but your bones are not visible, and you are fat but you have no excess meat, that is beautiful. Calligraphy with a thin and steep backbone, if it is deep and gentle, will be dignified and smooth at the same time. Its thinness is only superficial, but in fact it is plump. If the calligraphy of a plump and delicate body is combined with simplicity and strength, then it will be both smooth and neat. Its fatness is only superficial but beautiful in reality. Those who are thin on the outside but plump in reality are called fresh and beautiful, and those who are not fresh are not beautiful. What is fat on the surface but beautiful in reality is called plump and beautiful. If it is not plump, it will not be beautiful. Therefore, the delicate Zhao Feiyan and Wang Zhaojun are beautiful, and the gorgeous Yang Yuhuan and Jiang Caiping are also beautiful. For example, the sweet-scented osmanthus has four petals, the plum blossom has five petals, the orchid is fragrant, the chrysanthemum is clustered, the peony is rich and bright, and the lotus is bright and bright. They have different shapes but are all green, and have different textures but all have the same fragrance. Those who study calligraphy should make adjustments between fat and thin in order to achieve a profound state of balance. This is just like being able to improve from being impatient and radical or cautious and conservative to being in line with the middle way. But you must not give up on yourself.
5. Character:
1. A man's quality may be high or low, and he may not be the best; his merits may be shallow and deep, and he may be good and good.
Each one has his or her own achievements based on people, and they are divided into different categories based on books. They are good at special skills, and there are five types of them: one is called Zhengzong, the other is called Jijia, the third is called famous master, the fourth is called Zhengyuan, and the fifth is called Bianliu. Juxtaposition and careful evaluation will determine the good and bad.
Translation: There are high and low talents in people, and they may not necessarily have many advantages; the effort they put in can be both deep and shallow, and they can achieve perfection. Their own conditions determine the height they can achieve, so people's calligraphy can be divided into different levels. According to their respective strengths and special skills, calligraphers can be roughly divided into five levels: one is authentic, the second is everyone, the third is famous, the fourth is Zhengyuan, and the fifth is Bianliu. The exact identification methods of the five levels will be listed below, and their advantages and disadvantages can be determined.
2. Connect the past with the present, neither excite nor encourage; be well-trained in rules, and have a pure and harmonious body; all bodies can naturally escape; majestic, dignified, elegant, and fresh. This means that the great achievements have been gathered, wonderfully adapted to the times, carrying forward the past and opening up the future, and staying true to the model forever. It is the only authentic way. All kinds of seal scripts, official chapters, and cursives are well known; they are used interchangeably, and the best and the best are combined; a few dots and many paintings, the shape and quality are suddenly different; the final chapter of each character has a completely different momentum; the bones are reborn, and the appearance is changed in disguise. The rich and luxurious house in Juzhou is full of treasures. When they come out, they are all displayed, which is astounding to the eyes of everyone. The various bodies of the true practice are inferior to each other; they are quick, vigorous and late, delicate and rich; they may have strong bones and elegant postures, or they may show off their posture; their minds and spirits are different, and their true nature is fully revealed. For example, his medical and divination skills have a wide reputation, his nature is more craftsmanship, his skills are unique, and he is one of the three famous masters. It is gentle but not harsh, respectful but peaceful; powerful but aloof, clear but lacking in moisturizing; bending and stretching its back, it is like a ritual punishment; it is free and unrestrained, and it abides by the rules. I still have a clean old home and respect the rules. I still have an innocent old family, and I am a son of Xunliang. I have not started a new career, and I will not lose my pioneering voice. This is the source of the four things. Indulging in violent rage, Jia Qiao shows off his edge; he is wildly swaying, coming and going as he pleases; he leads a snake to hang, and suddenly resembles a frog squatting; some are skinny and craggy, some are overflowing with fat. For example, the exotic flowers and rare treasures are astonishing and shocking to the common people. The mountain pheasant is like a phoenix, and the sea whale has a hyena like a dragon. This is said to be close to the current, and it is located in Wuyan.
Translation: A master of ancient and modern times, not passionate or sharp; well-behaved, quiet-minded, and calm in attitude; good at various fonts, revealing a secret; majestic and dignified style, extremely magical and lively. Calligraphers of this level can be said to be masters of calligraphy, and their beauty is always in line with the middle way. They carry forward the past and open up the future, leaving a permanent example. This is the first-class "authentic". Familiar with various fonts such as seal script and official script, and easily master the essentials of writing techniques such as holding, using, turning, and using; when many dots and strokes appear side by side, their shapes and breaths will have rich changes; each character, and even the whole The characters in each chapter are completely different in their body shape and posture; they are wonderfully reborn and extremely capable of ever-changing things. For example, a wealthy family with a hereditary salary has many treasures from all over the world. They take them out and display them from time to time, which is dazzling and shocking. This is like a second-class master. Among various fonts such as regular script and running script, some are better and some are worse. It may be fast and powerful, or slow and neat; it may be fresh and beautiful, or plump and gorgeous; it may cheer up one's strength, or show grace; although the mood and style are different, the true feelings are fully revealed. For example, if a doctor or divination practitioner has a reputation far and wide, but he does have unique skills, he is regarded as a third-class "famous person". Gentle but not decisive enough, solemn but a little peaceful; majestic but lack of peace, thin but lacking of moisture; stretching and contracting to the north, strictly complying with the law; free and relaxed, carefully following the rules. Like an innocent family in decline, the younger generation keeps to themselves. Although they have not started a new career, they have not lost the reputation of their ancestors. This is the "right source" of the fourth class. Indulgent and bold, powerful and powerful; showing off skills and revealing edge; flaunting madness and coming and going wantonly; vertical paintings are like snakes hanging on trees, and strokes are like squatting toads; some are skinny and steep, or some are thick and loose, this is like Special flowers and strange objects can make ordinary people astonished, just like a pheasant with only a few feathers like a phoenix, and a sea whale with only a fish bun like a dragon. This is the fifth level of "bianliu".
3. My husband is authentic, everyone is knowledgeable, famous experts are specialized, the source is sincere, and the flow is unreasonable. If you want to be knowledgeable, you should first specialize, and if you want to be arrogant, you should be cautious. Being careful and dedicated, self-specialized and knowledgeable, being well-organized, having a peaceful mind, never forgetting to sleep and eat, and being insatiable may not necessarily be considered authentic, but he is worthy of being ranked among the famous masters.
Translation: Authenticity is supreme, everyone is knowledgeable, famous experts are dedicated, the source is rigorous, and the flow is free. If you want to be knowledgeable, you must first be focused; it is better to be rigorous than wanton. From rigorous to specific, from specific to profound, the rules are clear and clear, the ambition is indifferent and peaceful, the essentials of calligraphy are not forgotten when sleeping and eating, and the mind is imitated and the hands are not complacent. After such steps, although it may not necessarily reach the superb authentic state. But it will definitely surpass the ranks of famous people.