The image of hunting dance. People dress up as birds, goats, foxes and other animals. Some headdresses include antlers and feathers, while others have tails. The appearance of this dance is closely related to hunting.
Hunting dance is a kind of dance that simulates animals or captures animals. In the eyes of primitive people, simulating an animal means that the animal can.
Being possessed in reality. There is a hunting dance picture beside Tuolingou in Dengkou County, Inner Mongolia. Dancers dress up as birds and animals and dance with their arms (wings) to express people's praise and memories of hunting life and their happy mood after owning wild animals.
Celebration dance, that is, dance that simulates war, was called martial dance in pre-Qin literature. Musicians' record is that dancers are responsible people. There is a group of dance scenes in Area 2, the first location in Cangyuan, Yunnan. Some of them are holding shields and holding up short knives, while others are making bows and arrows.
In the killing posture, some people hold people above their heads, while others dance with their bare hands. This is the whole process of celebrating the dance, performing the charge, capturing the enemy, celebrating a war and expressing people's joy after winning the war.
Tap dance, the hunter dances because of the harvest of hunting; Or come back from work and dance arm in arm, through laughter and dancing.
The purpose of rest. Uncle Song? Lezhi said: people don't know the beginning of life.
Live between heaven and earth with spirit and wisdom. Husband's mood can't be better or worse, but he doesn't have to learn and he doesn't know why. Anger leads to strife, joy leads to elder brother, and husband leads to joy. I'm not enough, but I dance with my hands, and I dance with my feet, but I dance second only to my brother. It is immoral for a younger brother to dance, so it is fun, and it is immoral to be happy without festival; Therefore, saints enjoy five tones and eight syllables, so they can change customs and customs and be calm and upright. Very insightful. There is a picture of fighting elephant dance in the seven places and three districts of Cangyuan, Yunnan. Three elephants on the right are fighting with their noses hooked, and all the elephants are gone, full or missing.
Eight people on the left lined up in a horizontal line, dancing with their left arms raised high on the ground, and some wore angular ornaments or pointed hats.
The main artistic characteristics of primitive dance
Life is dance: primitive dance is an indispensable part of primitive human life, so it can also be called "life dance", because human life is the fundamental reason and external environment for the occurrence and development of primitive dance and even the whole dance;
Clear purpose: Limited by the low level of productivity, most of the initial dances were clear purpose, but there was no "behavior" at that time.
Art and art "pure art;
14. Most of them are group dances: limited by the low level of productivity, the production, life, entertainment and entertainment of primitive humans are mostly inseparable from the form of groups, so the primitive dances are mostly in the form of group dances, so they are very social and everyone can dance.
Everyone can find a strong sense of belonging, thus effectively strengthening the group consciousness of tribal members;
4. Diversification of forms: Primitive dance, as a direct product of the interdependence between human beings and nature, contains a large number of imitations of peripheral movements.
The dances of things and even plants include playful dances that meet the requirements of self-enjoyment, war dances that show the bellicose and brave spirit of human beings, lyric dances that entrust the pursuit of human spirit, and carnival dances that vent human excess energy;
5. At first, it was mainly for self-entertainment: the early primitive dance was mostly used to vent excess energy and burst sexual desire, so the form was eclectic and improvised, and there was usually no clear distinction between dancers and audiences, and there was often a clear sense and intention of reproductive worship;
After being used to entertain the gods, the primitive dance in the later period began to enter a process of strict ritual and stylization, with varying degrees.
Religious sense and religiosity, in order to express respect for the unknown world, also inadvertently reveal some fear and helplessness;
Showing off strength and endurance: In primitive dance, showing off strength and endurance takes the first place, because both are primitive.
The key to human survival lies in the beginning, but the exquisite and beautiful display has not yet entered a prominent position;
⒏ Rhythm plays an important role: in primitive dance, rhythm always occupies a dominant position, because primitive humans firmly believe that they can communicate with another world with the same rhythm, which has a hypnotic effect on hunting objects to ensure good weather, bumper crops, successful hunting and racial prosperity;
(9) Strict boundaries between men and women: As a product of a clear division of labor between men and women in primitive society, both sexes are mostly in primitive dance.
Dance separately;
Dance is mostly a man's privilege: because the content of primitive dance is often related to hunting, war and so on. Endanger people's lives and safety.
Equal adventure is closely related. Dancing often becomes a privilege for men, and sometimes even women and children are not allowed to watch it.
In a word, primitive dance is the most direct, instinctive, vivid and comprehensive expression of primitive human feelings, thinking, behavior and life style.
The development of primitive dance
Primitive dance has passed the embryonic stage in the long primitive society. This is a dance book with a deep time span.
Great changes have taken place in the body, the ecological environment and the cultural atmosphere to which it is attached. With the appearance of primitive belief, totem dance, witchcraft dance and sacrifice dance have been formed, and by the late primitive society, they have become an increasingly mature art form. In China, many musical instruments, such as pottery cymbals, Tao Di, bone flutes and stone chimes, have been unearthed in Neolithic sites six or seven thousand years ago. What is even more remarkable is that in the autumn of 1973, painted pottery pots with dance patterns were unearthed in Shangsunjiazhai, Datong County, Qinghai Province, showing us the intuitive image of dance art about 5,000 years ago.
Dance has come a long way in primitive society, but when it developed to the Neolithic age, especially in patriarchal society,
China's dance art system has been basically formed, and the quality of all kinds of dances in later generations has been basically possessed in the original dance system.
Dance is an ancient art form and a tool for exchanging thoughts and feelings, as early as ancient times or even earlier.
Long ago, the germination and formation time of primitive dance can be traced back to the flood period of human development.
Far beyond human memory. Some people think that its origin is produced with human productive labor. Action and rhythm are closely related to labor. No matter what kind of work, people's hands and feet are always moving. Hands are used for beating and feet are used for trampling. In the process of repeating some actions, a regular rhythm is produced, and then the most primitive dance appears with shouting or hitting stones and sticks.
It has long been recorded in ancient books that Qu Yuan, a great poet in the Warring States Period, raised more than 100 questions about heaven, earth and man in his masterpiece Tian Wen. The first question is-at the beginning of the world, there was chaos. Who handed down the situation at that time? At that time, heaven and earth had not yet formed. What was the basis?
In China's ancient books, there are many legends about the origin of music and dance, only in the article Lu Chunqiu Midsummer Ancient Music.
Here are some examples:
First, when the ancient emperor Zhuan Xu ascended the throne, he heard my voice from all directions and ordered his men to "fly".
"Dragon" imitated the wind and created "music", which made a person take the lead as a musician. It is lying on the ground, patting its belly with its tail and making a pleasant sound. Zhuan Xu called this kind of music and dance "Chengyun", which was used to worship the Emperor of Heaven.
Secondly, in ancient times, I was ordered to write songs such as "Nine strokes, Six pillars and Six English", and Cui was also ordered to write musical instruments such as Fu, Drum, Bell, Qing, Sheng, Guan and Chi. The sounds were very beautiful, and the phoenix birds danced with the music. Di Ku was very happy and used it to praise God's achievements.
Third, Yao Li proclaimed himself emperor, and ordered "quality" to make music and dance, and "quality" imitated the nature of mountains and valleys and made music and songs.
He drummed on the ground with elk skin and struck hard with a stone knife and axe, imitating the voice of Emperor Jade Qing.
So all the animals dance.
These myths are legends recorded by the ancients at that time, not historical facts, but there may be some shadows of facts. Legend has it
Some similarities deserve our attention, for example, primitive music and dance were created by imitating the nature of heaven and earth: "the voice of the eight winds" and "the voice of the valley"; Most of the people who inspire and play music are birds and animals: "make the phoenix dance in the sky" and "make all animals dance"; Music and pleasure are related to sacrifices, such as "offering sacrifices to God" and "Candide".
These myths and legends reflect the ancient people's cognition of primitive dance. On the origin of dance and nature, animals and birds, and sacrifice.
Related legends are still widely circulated among the people.