2. Classical Chinese in the Three Kingdoms Who knows that Zhuge Liang is the most typical masterpiece in the Three Kingdoms period?
Chen Liang said: the first emperor did not start a business, and the middle road collapsed; The next three points, Yizhou tired, this is the key autumn. However, the Minister of Security is persistent; Loyalist, forgetful: I want to report the special experience of Gai Zhui and the late emperor to your Majesty. If you are sincere, you should listen to the holy spirit, with the light of the legacy of the first emperor and the spirit of the people; It is not advisable to sell yourself short, quote nonsense, and block the road of loyal advice.
In the palace, everything is one; It is not appropriate to punish different people with the same: if you are a traitor and a loyal and kind person, you should pay the minister to discuss his reward and punishment to show your majesty's just rule; Selfishness is not desirable, so there is a difference between inside and outside. Shi Zhong, Assistant Minister Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, Dong Yun, etc. , are kind and upright, are loyal and pure. They are based on the simple choice of the late emperor to leave his majesty: I think that everything in the palace, big or small, should be discussed and then implemented, which will help to fill the vacancy and have a wide range of benefits. Xiang Chong, a general, has a good personality and fluent military style. He tried it in the past. The first emperor called it "energy" based on the discussion of many people. He thinks that no matter what happens in the camp, no matter how big or small, he will be able to make the front and Mu, with both advantages and disadvantages. Pro-sages, far villains, this first Han is so prosperous; You little people, far from being wise ministers, have been so depressed in the Han Dynasty ever since. When the first emperor was around, every time I talked to the minister about it, I always sighed and hated Yu Huan and Ling Ye! Shi Zhong, Shang Shu, Chang Shi, joined the army. I know I'm also a priest of Liang Zhen's Day of Death. I hope your majesty's cronies will make the Han Dynasty prosperous. You wait.
Translation:
Minister Zhuge Liang said: the first emperor died halfway before he completed the establishment of imperial industry. Now, the world has been divided into three countries: Wei, Shu and Wu. Our country, Shu, is exhausted in manpower and lacking in materials. This is indeed a critical moment for the survival of the country. However, the ministers of the Guards did not slack off in the imperial court. Loyal and ambitious soldiers gave their lives to fight on the battlefield, all because they remembered the special treatment given to them by the first emperor when he was alive and wanted to work for your majesty. Your majesty should really listen to the opinions of ministers extensively, carry forward the virtues left by the former emperor and carry forward the spirit of people with lofty ideals; Don't belittle yourself casually, saying that quoting metaphors is not in line with the great righteousness (inappropriate remarks), thus blocking the way for loyal ministers to make suggestions.
The courtiers of the palace and the palace officials of the Prime Minister's Office are a whole, and their promotion, punishment and praise should not vary from person to person. If there are people who practice favoritism, violate the law and discipline, and are unfaithful to others, Your Majesty should hand them over to the competent officials, who will evaluate the punishment or reward they deserve to show Your Majesty's fair and strict policy of governing the country. Don't favor one over the other, so that there are differences inside and outside the palace. Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, assistant minister Dong Yun and others are honest people with the same aspirations and thoughts, so the first emperor left them to your majesty. I think your majesty should seek their opinions on everything in the palace, big or small, and then implement it. This will definitely make up for the omissions and get better results. Xiang Chong, a general, is kind, fair and proficient in military affairs. Once upon a time, after a trial, the first emperor praised him for his talent, so everyone discussed and elected him as the central governor. I think everything in the barracks should be discussed with him, so that the army can unite and cooperate and the soldiers with high talents and poor teams can get reasonable arrangements. Being close to virtuous officials and alienating villains are the reasons for the prosperity of the former Han Dynasty. Being close to the villain and alienating the virtuous officials are the reasons why the later Han Dynasty was overthrown and declined. When my late emperor was alive, every time he talked to me about these things, he never felt sorry for Huan and Ling. Youzhi, Fei Yi, Shangshu, Chang and Jiang Wan joined the army. These are loyal and upright loyal ministers who can serve the country with their lives. I hope your majesty will be close to them and trust them, so that the prosperity of the Han dynasty will be just around the corner.
3. Introduction to the Ancient Poems of Romance of the Three Kingdoms At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was chaos in the world and disputes among heroes. Wei, Shu and Wu were stubborn one after another and staged an enduring historical drama.
This book is a historical novel based on this historical background. The Yellow Scarf Uprising broke out at the end of the Han Dynasty. In the process of suppressing the uprising, a number of powerful factions emerged who were independent of each other and supported their troops with self-respect. They fought again for their own benefit.
After the death of Emperor Han Ling, the young emperor Liu Jian succeeded to the throne, and his concubine He Jin became the throne, and the eunuch killed He Jin. Yuan Shao got up to kill eunuchs, and was defeated by Dong Zhuo, who abolished Liu Bian and set up Xian Di and Liu Xie.
Stuart Wang Yun skillfully used a series of tricks to alienate Dong Zhuo and Lu Bu's father and son with the story of Diusim, and then joined forces with various powerful men to pursue Dong Zhuo, and Wang Yun was killed by Dong Zhuo's department. Subsequently, Yuan Shao and others scuffled in the town of 17. In the end, three powerful forces were formed: Cao Cao in the north "held the emperor to make the princes", successively annihilated Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu and other forces, unified the Yellow River basin and occupied the Central Plains; Liu Bei's initial migration was uncertain until he visited the cottage.
Zhuge showed his help in the mountains, and then formulated a correct and effective strategic policy, that is, under the banner of "Imperial Palace" and "Recovering the Han Palace", and taking "uniting with Wu to resist Cao" as the basic policy. Finally, after passing through "Battle of Red Cliffs", Cao Cao was forced to return to the north and was able to occupy the whole of Sichuan.
Gradually develop and grow; Since Sun Jian, Jiangdong Sun Shi has been based on 8 1 state, occupying six counties in Jiangdong until Sun Quan, and its strength is increasing day by day. Since then, the Three Kingdoms War has been launched at different levels.
First, when Guan Yu and Cao Bing were fighting, Sun Quan sent troops to attack Jingzhou. Guan Yu defeated Maicheng and died at the hands of Sun Quan. Soon, Cao Cao died of illness, and his son Cao slanting abandoned Han to stand on his own feet and was named "Wei".
Liu Bei followed the Han Dynasty and established Shu Han. In order to avenge Guan Yu, Liu Bei personally went to Jiangdong. As a result, he went deep alone and was defeated by Lu Xun. Liu Bei died in Baidicheng, leaving Zhuge Liang alone.
Later, Sun Quan established the State of Wu. After Liu Bei's death, Zhuge Liang assisted Liu Chan, the young master, to support the crisis alone.
In the meantime, Zhuge Liang insisted on the basic strategy of uniting Wu against Cao, and stabilized the rear after capturing Meng Huo seven times. Six consecutive attacks on Wei ended in failure. Zhuge Liang also died from overwork in the army.
After his death, Jiang Wei succeeded to the throne and cut the Central Plains nine times, which also failed. After Liu Chan lost his official position and was defeated by * * *, the national strength of Shu Han became weaker and weaker.
After the death of Cao Pi, the power of Cao Wei regime fell into the hands of Sima, and finally Sima Yan usurped Wei Jian and established the Western Jin Dynasty. Kill Shu Han first.
After the death of Soochow, the world was reunified in three minutes.
4. There is no biography in Xu Shu's classical Chinese "The History of the Three Kingdoms", but it is recorded in Wei Lue quoted by Pei Songzhi: "Shu Ren is famous first, but this single family is less good at Ren Xia fencing.
At the end of Zhong Ping, he tasted the taste of revenge for others. Chalk suddenly appeared and he was sent away. In order to earn money, he asked his last name and kept silent. The official was standing on the pillar of the car, beating gongs and drums to make it difficult for the city to know, but his party member * * * usurped and got rid of it.
So I was grateful, abandoned the sword and halberd, and was even less clothed and less educated. When the students heard that they were thieves before, they used * * * and refused to stop.
Fu Nai bends down to get up early, and often cleans up alone, moves forward, listens to classics and understands the truth. "After reading this record, we can know that the introduction of Xu Shu's life in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is taken from Wei Lue, and the origin of this name is undoubtedly derived from" every ordinary person has a blessing first, and this is a single family ".
According to the description in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Xu Shu's surname was Fu earlier, so he was called Fu because he was the son of a single family, and later he was renamed Xu Shu. But this understanding is all wet.
"
The word "singles" doesn't mean "singles" here. A word has four tones. When used as a surname, it is pronounced as "mountain" and generally as "Dan".
The word "single family" is very common in ancient books. Such as the book of Jin.
Su Junchuan: "Jun Ben is exclusive, and people gather in troubled times." Pei Songzhi quoted the History of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Lue, to describe Xia Xue's deeds: "Xia Xue's words are proclaimed in the world, and Tianshui people are also famous.
Be knowledgeable and versatile. In Tianshui, the old surnames such as Jiang, Jing, Ren and Ren are often pushed to the county, but in summer they are single-family families, not to surrender.
Four surnames want to be * * *, summer is a wanderer, and Dongyi is the capital. So the so-called "Xu Shu Exclusive" in Wei Lue means that Xu Shu was born in a poor family, not a noble family.
It is not that Xu Shu is the son of a single family. Xu Shu is an important counselor of Cao Wei, and his personality is straightforward.
When I was in Xinye, I went to Liu Bei. In 208, Cao Cao went south and broke into new fields. When Xu Shu and Zhuge Liang went to Longbanpo together, he was defeated by Cao Cao, and Xu Shu's mother was arrested by Cao Cao.
Xu Shu said to Liu Bei, "I can only give full play to my talents in Xinye County. There are no new items now, and my heart is in a mess.
Mother is at Cao Cao's, please let me go. "After Liu Bei signed, Xu Shu went to Cao Cao.
Battle of Red Cliffs and Xu Shu were sent to guard Chang 'an in case of Marten. After Battle of Red Cliffs, Xu Shu played a very good role as a counselor and was deeply loved by Cao Cao.
After Cao Pi succeeded to the throne, Xu Shu became one of the three public officials, and gave many ideas to Sima Yi during Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition. Xu Shu in history and Xu Shu in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms are totally two people.
The so-called "Xu Shujin in Cao Ying-didn't say anything" is totally unfounded. Far from saying nothing, Xu Shu said a lot.
Otherwise, he will never be an official. If it is not loyalty, Xu Shu is indeed a good counselor.
According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Xu Shu said that Xu Shu was better than Er Xun in the History of the Three Kingdoms, but there was little description of Xu Shu in the History of the Three Kingdoms, only that he was a friend of Zhuge Liang when he was a teenager, and later followed Liu Bei, but he didn't make any achievements, just recommended Zhuge Liang for his work. However, if combined with the statement in Pei Zhu's "Slight", Xu Shu's image is even more imperfect: "Look at the outline from the bright side.
Every morning and evening, I am calm and often scream with my knees. I said to the three people, "You three can go to the county secretariat." "-in the eyes of Zhuge Liang, Xu Shu's talent can only be a chief executive, not a level at all.
Later, due to the pursuit of Xiangyang, Xu Shu's mother was captured, so she followed Cao Cao with her friend Shi Tao, and finally succeeded only in making suggestions, which seemed to verify Zhuge Liang's remarks. Therefore, some people think that Xu Shu in history is an ordinary person who is completely different from Xu Shu in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, that is, he does not have the talents of Xun and Guo, nor is he ambitious. For Liu Bei's camp, there are not many people without him.
But if we read history more carefully, we will find that this is not the case. It is clearly recorded in the "Three Kingdoms" that Xu Shu's ambition is "to build a career with generals"-as big as Zhuge Liang's ambition.
After he followed Liu Bei, he immediately gained Liu Bei's esteem, which was obtained before Xu Shu recommended Zhuge Liang, so Xu Shu recommended Zhuge Liang to Liu Bei. Later, Zhuge Liang heard that Xu Shu had only succeeded in Wei, and sighed and said, "Cheers to Shu Wei! Why don't they use it? " It is very different from the evaluation of young people.
(But Xu Shu is not reused, not necessarily because of his ability. There may be other reasons. Because, after all, the relationship between Xu Shu and Liu Bei's camp was too close, Wei had to guard against it.
In Chibi, Cao Cao asked Xu Shu to guard Chang 'an, but he didn't want him to meet his old master on the battlefield, which also illustrated Xu Shu's embarrassing situation from the side. As for Zhuge Liang's "Shu Wei Toast!" Why don't they use it? ",more is to sigh Wei's talent and regret for wasting the talent of old friends, and did not want to say" Xu Shu is not ranked in Wei ").
A passage in Zi Tong Zhi Jian can better explain Xu Shu's position in Zhuge Liang's mind: "In May, Prince Zen ascended the throne at the age of seventeen. Said empress dowager cixi, amnesty the world, changed to xing.
Seal the Prime Minister Liang as the Hou of Wuxiang, and lead Yizhou to shepherd. There are no details in politics, and the salt is determined by the light. Ming is the appointment of official positions, the maintenance of the legal system, education and the group: "The husband of the Ministry gathers public thoughts and is loyal and beneficial.
If it's too far away, it's hard to break it and it will be lost. If you break the rules and win, you will get jade instead of jade.
However, people's hearts will not be exhausted, but Xu Yuan is not confused. In addition, Dong Youzai has been in the department for seven years, and there is nothing wrong with it. As for the ten rebellions, I'll tell you.
If you can admire Yuan Zhi's 11th, Young Slaughter's Diligent Canal and be loyal to your country, you can be less bright. "The above is not original, but the abbreviation of an anonymous netizen. I like it very much, so I reprint it and don't expect to adopt it.
5. Anecdote of Three Kingdoms (Classical Chinese+Translation) Cao Cao killed Yan Liang and Wen Chou.
Original text:
"Three Kingdoms": "The public is a white horse, and it is fun to lead the army. Within ten miles, Liang was frightened and led his troops to fight. Make Zhang Liao and Guan Yu climb high, and break and cut well. Then I solved the white ponytail, moved its people, and went west along the river. Shao crossed the river and chased south. The soldiers of Gongle were stationed in the south of the camp under Osaka, so they boarded the base and took a look. They said, "You can ride five or six hundred. "After a while, Fu Bai said," If you ride a little more, the infantry will be countless. " Gong said, "Don't do it for nothing. "Is to let the horse ride. It's time for Baima to get her luggage. The generals thought that if the enemy rode more, it would be better to guard the camp. Xun You said: "This is the enemy's bait. How can we get there? "Shao Qi generals Wen Chou, liu bei ride before and after five or six thousand. The generals replied, "You can get on the horse." Gong said, "Not yet. "For a while, ride for a while, or share the fun. Gong said, "It doesn't matter. "All at once. Ride less than 600, attack soldiers, break soldiers, and cut ugliness. The good and the ugly are famous soldiers. If you fight again, you will know the bird's voice and the army will be shocked. "
Translation:
Cao Cao led the army all the way to attack the white horse day and night, and was discovered only after walking ten miles. Yan Liang was surprised and turned to attack Cao Cao. Cao Cao made Zhang Liao and Guan Yu as the vanguard, won a great victory and killed Yan Liang. So I solved the siege of the white horse. Lead the Baima people to migrate westward along the Yellow River. Yuan Shao then led his troops across the Yellow River to catch up with Cao Cao and to the south of Yanjin. Cao Cao stopped moving forward and camped near Nansakan. People boarded the defensive wall to observe and said, "There are more than 600 cavalry." After a while, he said, "There are more cavalry than just estimated, and there are too many infantry to count." Cao Cao said, "Don't report any more." Then he ordered the cavalry to untie the saddle and loosen the reins of the horse. The situation at that time was that the military supplies brought out from Baima were still blocked on the road. Other generals think that the enemy has too many cavalry, so it is better to go back to the camp to defend and consume the enemy. Xun You said, "The purpose of this move is to lure the enemy back to be a sower." Yuan Shao's cavalry commanders, Wen Chou and Liu Bei, arrived with about five or six thousand cavalry. The other generals said to Cao Cao, "You can mount the horse now." Cao Cao said, "Not yet." Soon, the enemy cavalry increased, and some of them rushed to the materials blocked by Cao Cao on the road. Cao Cao said, "It's ok now." . So everyone got on the horse together. At that time, Cao Cao had less than 600 cavalry, so they released their horses and killed Wen Chou. Yan Liang and Wen Chou, the famous men under Yuan Shao, were killed by birds in two wars. Yuan Shao's army was greatly shocked.
6. Some classical Chinese have the topic of the Three Kingdoms (1). The general content of the following plot in the introduction should be that this title should be the poison vector of Coss in the (1) bone scraping and poison treatment feather in Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which needs treatment.
Without anesthesia, Guan Yu played chess while letting Hua Tuo operate on himself. This situation is easy to be infected ... so it is not recommended for patients to choose such an environment for surgery.
(2) After the hero defeated Lu Bu, Liu Bei returned to Xudu with Cao Cao and was regarded as an uncle by Xian Di. One day, when plums were ripe, Cao Cao recalled the story of watching plums quench his thirst the year before last and invited * * * to cook wine.
During the dinner, when talking about heroes in the world, Cao Cao thought it was just himself and Liu Bei. Liu Bei got by by thunder.
Then I made an excuse to go back to Xuzhou. (3) Ma Su Street Pavilion is empty.
Shu was forced to withdraw its troops. At this time, Zhong Da's army launched an attack.
Zhuge Liang ordered the gate to be opened wide, and no soldiers appeared. Play the piano on the platform.
Sima yi hesitated, fearing an ambush, and went. After that, the soldiers of the remnant city successfully retreated.
(4) Going to the meeting with a single knife Lu Su wants to seize Jingzhou, please go to the meeting with Guan Hou. Guan Yu, accompanied by his son and Zhou Cang, went to dinner by boat.
During the dinner, I pretended to be drunk, holding dragon sword in one hand and holding the child in the other. Wu was afraid of injuring the satrap by mistake and did not dare to attack.
Guan Yu came to the shore and left safely. 2. Briefly describe the story about any three of Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Cao Cao and Sima Yi (1). About Wen Jiu beheading Hua Xiong and killing Kwantung Army 13 generals, Guan Yu has a well-documented record, and Yuan Shao disdains his identity and ignores it.
Cao Cao pleaded and offered a glass of wine. Guan Yu didn't want to drink, so he vowed to chop Hua Xiong with warm wine and then leave the camp.
Only a close, cut Hua Xiong under the horse. The wine is still warm.
(2) Zhang Fei made a scene in Changbanqiao, and Liu Bei failed in Sun. In front of Changbanpo, there was a fierce battle.
Holding Dou, Zhao Yun single-handedly resisted 830,000 troops and 5 1 generals. He cut down two flags and captured three. If the horse falls into the pit, it is a waste of life.
On the top of the mountain, Cao Mengde saw a young man dressed in white, wearing a white helmet and a white flag, riding a white dragon and holding a bright silver gun. He is really a brave general. I think, if I accept this general, why worry that I can't achieve great things, and there will be love in my heart.
Xu Shu secretly protected Zhao Yun and Xu Shu entered Cao Cao's camp, but a plan was not worked out. When I saw it today, I quickly said, Prime Minister, do you mean to love it? Cao Cao said, exactly.
Xu Shu said, don't stab in the back, you can recover from him. When Cao Cao heard this, he quickly ordered the mountain to be shaken so that the three armed forces could hear it clearly. I want Zhao Yun alive, not Zilong dead.
If one soldier will damage General Zhao's life, 5/kloc-0 soldiers of 830,000 troops will fight against him alone. All the soldiers are afraid to go forward, and the general is afraid to go forward.
General Zhao's single killing method is very brave, only killing seven in and seven out, breaking through the encirclement. Cao Cao saw it and went forward bravely, unable to let it go.
Follow closely behind. After catching up with Dangyang Bridge, Zhang Fei arrived and told Fourth Brother not to panic. There's no harm in expecting family here! After letting Zhao Yun's men pass, Cao Cao arrived. What he saw was not Zhao Yun, but a big black-faced man standing on the bridge.
Ask quickly, who is this big black face? Xiahou Xian said he was Zhang Fei's headstrong husband. Cao Cao was taken aback.
I remembered that when Guan Yu was here, I said that he had a sworn third brother named Zhang and his name was Yi De. If he were in a million-man army, he would pat his head as if he were looking for something. Today, you are really brave. Take off the umbrella cover of Luo Qingjia and see how the martial arts of the barbarian are. I saw that Zhang Fei's leopard head had eyes, his face was as smooth as iron, there was light in the black, and there was darkness in the light.
Similar to grasping a pen by ear. Kurogane's beard at the bottom of the sea is like a steel needle and wire. Wearing a wrought iron helmet, two dragons compete for treasures, Zhu Ying floats, the umbrella is embedded with eight treasures, and fish intestines are placed in a flowerpot.
Wearing a chain mail with big leaves and locks, lined with a soap robe, red trousers and tiger boots, and waving a snake spear, he stepped down from the foggy beast in Ma Wanli. Teeth, chest, resentment.
Scold cao thief and listen to the truth. Now that Mr. Zhang is here, you are an ordinary person, either attacking or fighting or advancing or retreating or fighting or fighting. Hoo, Cao Bing is back.
Shout twice and cross the river. Shout three times to drink Dangyang Bridge.
Later generations have poems chanting heaven, saving Zhao Yun in front of Changban Bridge and repelling millions of soldiers of Cao Cao. His surname is Zhang, and his word is virtuous. He has been a reckless person for generations. (3) Cao Cao cut his robe and Ma Chao avenged his father and went to Tongguan.
Cao Cao led the troops to stop it and lost to Ma Chao's bravery. In the process of escape, the Xiliang army called "the beard is fucking" and cut it off.
Then I heard that "the man in red is fucking" and gave up his robe. Finally, he escaped from the chaos.
(4) Sima Yi was humiliated and confronted by Wu. Kong Ming knew that his life would not last long, and he was eager to fight.
Zhong Da can't fight. Therefore, Zhong Da was dressed up by a woman to inspire him to go to war.
Sima yi gladly accepted it and ignored it. 3. Please write two idioms originated from and write the corresponding characters and stories (1). Everything is ready, except Dongfeng Battle of Red Cliffs, so it is advisable to attack with fire.
But it was winter, and the northwest wind was blowing. In this case, Sun Jun is at a disadvantage. Even if there is a fire, it will only burn itself.
Seeing the celestial phenomena, Kong Ming knew that the southeast wind would rise, so he borrowed the east wind and went to the altar to pray. To escape from Wu Dong.
(2) The grass boat borrowed an arrow to make an arrow under the pretext of killing Kongming. Zhuge Liang took advantage of the fog and led the ship and Lu Su to Cao's camp.
The ship is full of scarecrows. Suspecting that the enemy attacked Cao Cao's camp, he fired arrows to meet the enemy.
So the arrow is earned. Zhuge Liang finished the task on time.
Three years before The Story Of Diu Sim was born, the flowers and trees in the village stopped blooming. Born at night, the moon is bright and the stars are rare.
But when she was born, thick clouds suddenly covered the moon. Taohuayuan 1, please add "the second paragraph of the article", otherwise you can't answer. 2, it is nothing more than geographical isolation, so it is not interfered by external wars.
It just reflects a kind of life state in people's dreams under the social background at that time. 3. Personally, I prefer the real society of the law of the jungle to the illusory and impossible Taoyuan.
Only competition can make biology progress. But competition will inevitably turn into struggle and eventually turn into war.
And the victory and conquest after the war is something that no human being can refuse. After all, a man's romance is a sea of stars ... Others: 1, self-explanation. 2. Tao Yuanming (about 365-427), with distinctive characters, was named May 6th, posthumous title Jingjie, and later changed his name to Qian.
Poet, writer, lyricist and essayist at the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, the originator of the pastoral school. A native of Xunyang Chai Sang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
I worked as a junior official for several years, and then I resigned.