Brief introduction of the god of heaven

Haotian God is also called Huangtian, Shen, Huangtian God, Emperor, Heaven and Earth, Emperor and so on. Known as Taiyi in the literature of Han Dynasty, the God who dominates the universe and heaven, the highest god of Confucianism, represents or is equal to heaven. "Sui Shu Etiquette": "The greeting at five o'clock belongs to the emperor, worshiping the five elements, not worshiping heaven. Heaven is called emperor, also known as God, and also called emperor. The emperor of the five elements can also be called God, not Heaven. " Among the six gods, the natural emperor Haotian God can take the place of heaven, while the human emperor and the five gods can't. In China culture, the single saying of God generally refers to the natural emperor, the God of Heaven. In ancient books, it is also called heaven or god. This term first appeared in Shangshu. Compared with heaven, the God who loves heaven has certain personification. Zheng Xuan said: "God is also an alias of heaven, which means God in heaven"; On the other hand, sometimes a distinction is made, such as "The Biography of Wang Mang in Han Dynasty": "In the spring of four years, the gaozu was worshipped in the suburbs, and Emperor Xiaowen was worshipped in the suburbs." Among them, heaven was separated from God, and the status of God was lower than that of heaven. God here refers to the five elements of human emperors, and heaven refers to the god who loves heaven.

The ability of early human beings to understand and transform nature was low, and many aspects of production and life did not come from themselves, but from the gift of nature. The survival and development of early human beings could not be separated from natural conditions. In the long run, nature is gradually personified and deified in people's minds, becoming an objective existence with thoughts and emotions, so as to serve God.

On the one hand, I believe that Heaven God lives in Beichen. "The God of Heaven is called the Emperor and the Star of Beichen." On the other hand, Heaven is different from Emperor in that it is all-day. Biography of Shi Mao: "If the vitality is great, it is called heaven. Looking at the sky from a distance is called the sky. This day is based on Cang Hao, not among the stars. " Heaven and God are more naturally called Heaven and Heaven, and some documents are also called Taiyi. Heaven is the most common name, also known as heaven, heaven, god, god and so on. If heaven is above, it has eyes, burdens and responsibilities. Since heaven has given talents, let it play its role! .

Regarding the relationship between "Heaven" and "Emperor", the History of Song Dynasty records that Zhu, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in Song Dynasty, had a clear explanation about this: "Or ask: Sacrificing Hou Ji, a suburb, to match heaven, worshiping King Wen to match god, and emperor is heaven, and heaven is emperor, but what is the significance of offering sacrifices? Yue: Sacrifice is an altar, so it is called heaven. Sacrifice to your highness and sacrifice with God, so it is called emperor. " During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, ideological progress and humanistic rationality flourished. Liang Ji said: "The husband and the people, the Lord of God, became the people first and then devoted themselves to God with the holy king." God is man-made, and man is God, so the mysterious concept of ancient times gradually disappears, and the concept of "God" is gradually replaced by the natural "heaven", which is the embodiment of moral public opinion and constitutes a foundation of China's cultural belief in later generations. "Worship the heaven and worship the ancestors" is the most basic belief element in China culture.