First of all, we must have relevant historical knowledge. As the saying goes, literature and history are not separated. Everyone lives in an era, and the politics, economy and culture of this era will certainly have an impact on him. Therefore, only by understanding the era of this person's life can we understand the connotation of his works. For example, Qu Yuan advocated reform and hoped that Chu would be strong, but the king of Chu was "confused by Zheng Xiu at home and bullied by Zhang Yi abroad", alienated Qu Yuan first, and then exiled him to the Miluo River, which made his reform ambition impossible and buried him in the river. Knowing this history, it is much easier for us to understand Li Sao.
Second, have relevant cultural common sense. China's ancient culture is profound and rich in connotation, and many contents are constantly evolving with the development of history. Such as name and title, official position and imperial examination, geographical knowledge, patriarchal manners and customs, clothing and utensils, calendar criminal law, ancient book annotation style, etc., are greatly different from ancient times to modern times. Although students don't need to master all these contents, they should also accumulate what they encounter in their studies as their own knowledge reserves, so that they can call them at any time in classical Chinese learning and exams.
Third, learn to "solve the belly of the ancients with the heart of the present." We live in today's society, and in the face of disasters, we will unite as one. In the face of ugliness, they will attack and lash; We will work together to resist external humiliation. In fact, this kind of thoughts and feelings are in the same strain. In the face of external humiliation, Wen Tianxiang wrote: "Since ancient times, no one has died, keeping the heart of Dan to shine in the history of history." Facing the sufferings of the people, Du Fu wrote: "The wine in Zhumen stinks and the bones on the road freeze to death." Therefore, when we study ancient Chinese, we should be good at comparing and associating the feelings of the ancients with those of today, so as to try to figure out the thoughts of the ancients and accurately understand the essence reflected by classical Chinese.
Fourth, grasp the teaching materials and lay a solid foundation for classical Chinese. When learning classical Chinese, we must master the knowledge points that appear in textbooks: ① Phonetic sounds, including polyphonic characters and different reading characters. ② Meaning, including ancient and modern different meanings, polysemy and flexible use of parts of speech. ③ Sentence patterns in classical Chinese, including special sentence patterns and complex sentences in classical Chinese.
Fifth, to learn a classical Chinese, we should do the following: first, grasp the article as a whole and understand its main contents; Secondly, put the understanding of paragraphs into the overall grasp of the text; Third, in the specific language environment, we can further understand the words in the context; Finally, on the basis of the first three conditions, further understand the deep meaning of the article. In short, if you can do the above in your usual study, you will
2. The original Confucius said: "The Tao (1) is political, the punishment is neat (2), the people are exempted (3) and *** (4), the Tao is virtuous, the ceremony is neat, and the shame is dignified (5)." ("The Analects of Confucius for Politics") Note (65438) The second one is "governance". The former is more suitable. (2) Uniformity and restraint. (3) Exemption and avoidance. (4) shame, shame. (5) Case: There are two explanations: one is "to"; The second is "righteousness". Confucius said: "The people are guided by the prohibition of the law and bound by the criminal law. The people just seek to avoid being punished for crimes, but they lose their sense of shame;" Guiding the people with moral education and unifying their words and deeds with courtesy system not only make them feel ashamed, but also make them obey the rules. " In this chapter, Confucius listed two completely different policies of governing the country. Confucius believes that punishment can only make people avoid crime, but can't make people understand the shameful truth of crime. Moral education is much smarter than punishment, which can not only make people obey the rules. It will also make people feel ashamed. This reflects the difference between morality and legal system in governing the country. However, it should also be pointed out that Confucius' thought of "ruling by virtue" should attach importance to morality and ignore the role of criminal politics and legal system in governing the country.
3. How to improve the overall reading ability of classical Chinese? We should start from the following aspects:
First, pay attention to the common sense of classical Chinese in class and accumulate it widely. The content words of the outline of the college entrance examination are 120, and the function words are 18. Most of them can be seen in classical Chinese in class and notes after class. For example, the "benefit" in Yuan Zongdao's Essays is synonymous with the "sage benefits sage, fool benefits fool" in Shi Shuo. In the Ming Dynasty's "Biography of Chinese Characters", there was an order to stop benevolence and longevity, which was also illegal. The number in the book and the number of kings in the hongmen banquet all mean "repeatedly, repeatedly". It can be seen that the accumulation of textbooks can be better applied to their own practice.
Second, understand the characteristics of biography genre and be proficient in classification. In recent five years, the classical Chinese in the college entrance examination has appeared in the form of biographies, so we also pay attention to the training of biographies in our daily review and training. For example, the last question you choose is usually that you don't understand the original correctly, so there must be three items that you understand the original accurately, so we might as well read through these four options, at least have a general grasp of some contents in the text, which will be very helpful for us to further review and read the original text.
Third, distinguish the special sentence patterns and flexible use of classical Chinese and analyze the difficulties. College entrance examination * * * Classical Chinese translation 10, the score is large, which is difficult to distinguish. However, if we can carefully analyze the intention of the questioner, find out the words or sentences that may become translation points, and effectively translate and break through the final conjunctions into sentences, it may be of great help to our score.
4. How to understand the reading and learning of classical Chinese can be started from the following aspects:
First, pronunciation reading.
To learn classical Chinese, we must first read aloud or even recite it, so we should read the correct pronunciation when reading aloud and reciting. Generally speaking, most pronunciations should be based on the pronunciation of Putonghua in modern dictionaries. However, we should pay attention to the following points:
1, recognize the font and pronounce it correctly.
There are some words in classical Chinese that are not commonly used now, which require us to carefully identify the font and find out the pronunciation. Don't regard the pronunciation of similar words as pronunciation, such as "Huan" reading "Hu" in See Bian Que; N "instead of" constant "parallel" instead of "Zhao" in Peach Blossom Spring, and "Dan" in "Duwang" in Wolf is pronounced as "D"; N "instead of reading" pillow ".
2, polyphonic words should identify the part of speech, meaning
There are many disyllabic words in modern Chinese, and we often encounter some disyllabic words when reading classical Chinese, which requires us to distinguish the part of speech and the meaning of this word and determine the pronunciation. For example, in The Analects of Confucius, we should read "Yu; The word "Shuo" in the sentence "He Jun Xia" in Peach Blossom Garden should be pronounced "Shu; "。
Second, the correct sentence, pause
The ancients wrote articles without punctuation marks, so they had to break sentences by themselves when reading. Now that we are reading ancient Chinese, the editor has punctuated the sentences for us, but when reading some long sentences, there are often some small pauses to express a concept or meaning in one sentence. Whether this pause is correct or not is directly related to the correct understanding of sentence meaning.
The way to distinguish pauses is to read through the whole text and understand each sentence by understanding the meaning of words and analyzing the structural relationship between words in classical Chinese. For example, in Wolf, there is a sentence "One of the dogs is sitting in front", which means "One of them (the wolf) is sitting in front of the butcher like a dog", so when reading it, you should pause for "One of the dogs is sitting in front".
Third, pay attention to the changes of ancient and modern meanings.
There are several changes in the meaning of a word: expansion, contraction and transfer. The expansion of word meaning means that the present meaning contains more contents than the ancient meaning. For example, the "river" in "North of Heyang" in Yu Gong Yi Shan refers to the Yellow River before the Han Dynasty. Generally, rivers are represented by water, so this "Heyang" means "north bank of the Yellow River", and now "river" refers to it in general. For example, in the sentence "Lead a wife into this desperate situation" in Peach Blossom Garden, the meaning of "wife" includes "wife's son", but now it refers to "husband's spouse", excluding children. The transfer of word meaning means that the content of present meaning has changed from ancient meaning, such as "tears" in ancient Chinese and "snot" in present meaning.
Fourth, polysemy.
Polysemy is widespread in classical Chinese. When reading, we should treat it differently according to different situations, and pay special attention to determining the specific meaning according to the context. For example, "go" means "far away", "stay" and "disappear", but in the sentence "I don't know how many miles it is from West Shu" (for learning), "go" can only be understood as "the distance between the two places"
Fifth, pay attention to interchangeable words.
The appearance of interchangeable words in classical Chinese is that when the ancients should have used this word in writing articles, they borrowed words with the same sound or similar meaning, thus forming interchangeable words. Strictly speaking, it should be called "other words", but it is not wrong for the ancients to use it for a long time and get social recognition. For example, there is a saying in "A Mountain of Yugong": "You can't stand it." Therefore, "Hui" is a common word, and you can say "Hui" when you are smart. Similar generic names include Tang, Qi, Qi, Yue and Zhi in the first grade classical Chinese.
5. The overall reading of classical Chinese (1) (historical biography) Zhao Chongguo's word Weng Sun 4. One of the following options is incorrect: () (3 points) A. The country is over 70 years old, and the old people think that ... Old B. How to estimate the strength of the general C. It is advisable to be concise and concise, so that he can get a first-class D, and it is difficult for those who do not work hard to open the country. 5. In the following sentences, the group with the same meaning and usage by adding function words is () (3 points) A, which is more dead than the old minister/taken from the blue, while the green one is more than the blue one, which is unprofitable for killing insects/2. How can he know C? If he refuses to accept it, he will definitely fight not late /60 or 70 in the first month, such as 50 or 60 days, and he will ask for advice/be absent-minded. 6. All the following options can show that Zhao Chongguo is safe and prudent.
(2) To cross Huangshui, the road is narrow, and Xu Xingkai is all over the country. (3) don't break the thin open first, and then zero will be unprofitable first.
(4) should be concise and clear to arrive, to do, and the way to win. I know there is nothing strong can do. ⑤ Leave 10,000 people for land reclamation until they leave A, 126B, 235C, 145D, 3467. Among the following options, one of the mistakes in analyzing the meaning of the text is () (3 points). A: Zhao Chongguo was a cavalry when he was young, and later he was transferred to Chang 'an to ride a feather forest to be the emperor's bodyguard.
He went to Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged. The Han army ran out of food for several days and suffered heavy casualties.
Zhao Chongguo led 100 deus ex, followed by Li Guang's brigade, and finally escaped. In order to prevent the Qiang attack, Zhao Chongguo sent the main force to cross the Yellow River at night and build a position on the other side overnight.
Ignoring the challenge of the rebels riding horses in front of the front line, he first sent people to spy out the terrain ahead and the enemy's situation. C, Zhao Chongguo March is given priority to with reconnaissance, and ready to fight at any time.
When camping, strengthen camp defense, slow and steady, and no fighting is unplanned. Love your soldiers and you will win the battle.
D. After Zhao Chongguo resigned from his post after he was ill at home, every time the imperial court discussed major frontier defense issues, he often took part in planning or asked him for solutions. 8. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese (10).
(1) It's difficult for the soldiers to cross the border. I'd like to go to Jincheng in a hurry. (3 points) (2) A good soldier is a career person, not a person.
(3 points) (3) This scoundrel can't insist, but if he is slow, he will ignore it, and if he is urgent, he will die. (4 points) Reference answer: 4. D worry: 5. D A Yu: than/from B zhi: pronoun, indicating that if/or d is used in the same way, it is equivalent to preposition Yu plus pronoun. 6.A7 and B did not send the main force to cross the river at night, but sent three teams to cross the river first.
It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air. I want to go to Jincheng first, and then make plans to deal with it.
(65,438+0 is a graph of degrees and 65,438+0 is a sentence meaning) 2 People who can fight can master the enemy, not be mastered by the enemy. (to 65,438+0, passive sentence 65,438+0, sentence meaning 65,438+0) These are desperate bandits. Let's not push them too hard.
Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back and work hard. (poverty, urgency and death 1 min, sentence meaning 1 min) with reference translation Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), whose real name was Weng Sun, was an official in Longxi, Western Han Dynasty.
He was originally a cavalry, but later, because he was good at riding and shooting, he joined the body guard and became a good son of six counties. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (99 BC), he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased.
Guo Chong led hundreds of strong men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers, and finally the clearance was completed. In the third year of Han Yuankang, Xianling and Han Kai were both Xiqiang races, each with its own toast, and they became enemies because of mutual attacks.
Later, the Huns joined forces with other Qiang people, made a covenant with each other, and relieved their hatred. Zhao Di, Emperor Gaozu, heard about it and asked Zhao Chongguo.
When he was in his seventies, Emperor Zhao thought he was very old. Zhao Chongguo replied: "There is no better candidate than the old minister." Emperor Zhao said, "Can the general predict the current strength of the Qiang people and how many soldiers and horses he intends to take?" Zhao Chongguo said, "Seeing is believing. It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air.
The old minister wants to go to Jincheng first, and then plan to attack and beg. "Zhao Chongguo in Jincheng, ten thousand soldiers wanted to cross the river, again afraid of being intercepted by qiang people.
He sent three battalions of soldiers to cross the river quietly at night. After crossing the river, they immediately set up camp to guard against the invasion of Qiang people. At dawn, all the sergeants crossed the river safely in turn. After the Qiang people discovered it, they sent hundreds of cavalry to harass around the Han army.
Zhao Chongguo thinks that Qiang Qi is always brave and good at fighting, and it is difficult to subdue him. Moreover, this may be a trick of the Qiang people to lure the enemy, so they ordered: "Our army and horses have just crossed the river and are a little tired. There is no need to pursue Qiang riding. The goal of attacking Qiang people is to destroy them. You don't have to be greedy if you ride nearly a hundred. " Zhao Chongguo sent cavalry in the vicinity and ytterbium qing reconnaissance in these two places, found no qiang people.
So he took his troops to Luodu at night and called the generals of various ministries and said, "I knew Qiang people were not good at using troops. If we send thousands of men to look around and watch the cymbals, how can our army enter? " So, he pushed to the west and came to the mansion in Dewey West, where he ate and drank every day. Both the sergeant and the foot soldiers hope to contribute to him. The Qiang people came to provoke him several times, and Zhao Chongguo ordered them to stick to it. Emperor Zhao ordered Zhao Chongguo to attack.
Zhao Chongguo wrote a letter, repenting his sins and dissecting his own interests, saying, "I heard from Sun Tzu's Art of War that' a man who is good at fighting can control the enemy, but not be controlled by the enemy'. Since the Qiang people invaded, we must train our military forces in an orderly way, so that we can get earlier and earlier. This is the way to win.
According to the old minister, if you can destroy zero first, even if you don't crusade, it will naturally submit; One thousand at the beginning of the year has been completely annihilated, and it is rare to open it, so it is not too late to attack again in the first month. "Zhao emperor accepted Zhao Chongguo's opinion.
Then Zhao Chongguo led his troops to attack the first zero, the first zero, because he lived in peace for a long time and let his guard down. When he saw the army of the Han Dynasty, he left his equipment and tried to cross Huangshui for his life. Because of the narrow road, Zhao Chongguo had to retreat slowly. Some people say, "Chasing the first batch of deserters is a great opportunity to make contributions."
Zhao Chongguo said, "These are desperate robbers. We shouldn't push them too hard. Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back to work hard. "
The chief of the Qiang nationality forgot and came to surrender automatically. After Zhao Chongguo gave him food, he still told him to go back and convince others. Suddenly, more than ten thousand Qiang people surrendered. Zhao Chongguo expected the Qiang people to disintegrate on their own, so he transferred all the cavalry back and asked permission to leave 10,000 soldiers in the local wasteland and wait for it to change.
6. How to understand ancient prose [thinking analysis] Ancient prose has its own grammatical rules to master the meaning of key words, and use the accumulated knowledge in the classroom to read the foreign language part of the classroom [problem solving process] How to read ancient prose, understand the content, read fluently and recite some basic texts. This is the basic requirement of junior high school study and should be followed in the usual study and review. The reading and learning of classical Chinese can be started from the following aspects: reading and learning classical Chinese by pronunciation, first of all, we must read aloud or even recite, so we should read the pronunciation correctly when reading and reciting. Generally speaking, most pronunciations should be based on the pronunciation of Putonghua in modern dictionaries. However, we should pay attention to the following points: 1, identify glyphs and some words that are not commonly used in classical Chinese, which requires us to carefully identify glyphs and find out pronunciations, and don't take the pronunciations of similar words as orthography. The parallel in Peach Blossom Garden doesn't read Zhao, and the Dan in Looking at the other side in Wolf reads d n instead of pillow. 2. Polysyllabic words should be distinguished from their parts of speech. There are many polysemous words in modern Chinese, and reading classical Chinese often meets some polyphonic words, which requires. We should read "Yu", but in the sentence "I am a satrap, so to speak" in The Story of Peach Blossom Garden, we should take the word "Shuo" as "tell" and read "Shu". Second, punctuation is correct, so the ancients had to punctuate themselves when reading. What I am reading now is ancient Chinese, and the editors all use punctuation marks. Where a concept or meaning is often expressed in a sentence, there will be some small pauses. Whether this pause is correct or not is directly related to the correct understanding of the meaning of the sentence. The way to distinguish pause is to read the whole text, and understand each sentence through the understanding of the meaning of words in classical Chinese and the analysis of the structural relationship between words. For example, in Wolf, there is a saying that "a dog is sitting in front", which means that "one of the wolves" should pause for "one of the dogs is sitting in front" when reading. If it is read as "one of the dogs is sitting in front", it means "one of the dogs is squatting in front of the butcher". In fact, there has never been a dog in the article Wolf. Similarly, "a wolf in a hole" should be pronounced as "a wolf in a hole" instead of "narrowing and transferring several situations" The expansion of word meaning means that the content of present meaning is greater than that of ancient meaning. For example, the "river" in "North of Heyang" in Yu Gong Yi Shan refers to the Yellow River before the Han Dynasty. Generally, rivers are represented by water, so this "Heyang" means "north bank of the Yellow River", and now "river" refers to all rivers. The meaning of "wife" includes "wife and children", and now it refers to "man's spouse", excluding children. The transfer of meaning means that the content in the present meaning has changed from the ancient meaning. For example, "snot" in ancient Chinese refers to tears, and now it refers to "snot". Fourthly, polysemy is common in classical Chinese and should be treated differently according to different situations. Pay special attention to determining the specific meaning according to the context. For example, "go" means "far away", "stay" and "disappear", but in the sentence "I don't know how many miles it is from West Shu" ("for learning"), "go" can only be understood as the explanation of "the distance between the two places". The ancients should have used this word when writing articles, but borrowed words with the same sound or similar sound, forming a interchangeable word. Strictly speaking, it should be called "Biezi", but it is not wrong for the ancients to use it for a long time and get social recognition. For example, there is a saying in Yu Gong Yi Shan: "If you have more, you won't benefit", among which "Hui" is used. So "Hui" is a common word, which means "smart" and "smart". Similar common words include Tang, Qi, Qi, Yue, Zhi and Tong in the first-class classical Chinese (see Huan Gong). Therefore, if we want to understand classical Chinese thoroughly, we must translate it into modern Chinese. Pay attention to the following points when translating: 1. When translating into modern Chinese, we must pay attention to the meaning of the original text and clarify the relationship between the context of the translated sentence and the translated sentence. Because the phenomenon of multiple recognition of both nouns and function words in classical Chinese is common, and the sentence patterns are also diverse. Only by grasping the meaning and context of the original text and accurately judging the meaning and usage of sentence patterns can we accurately translate classical Chinese into modern Chinese. 2. Translating classical Chinese into modern Chinese mainly adopts literal translation and free translation, mainly literal translation. Literal translation requires that classical Chinese sentences be put in the correct position and implemented sentence by sentence in modern Chinese. Even the lexical features of the original text must be expressed in the translation. Be consistent with the original text. Free translation only requires translation according to the basic meaning of classical Chinese, and is not limited to the implementation of words one by one. It can even be quite different from the original language expression. The specific methods can be mastered from four aspects: addition, deletion, retention and change. Supplement: It means to supplement the omitted parts of classical Chinese when translating, such as "I'm afraid I escaped from Bian Que". (Bian Que) has fled to Qin ". Delete: It means that some meaningless words expressing mood or pause in classical Chinese can be deleted. Leave: it means to stay. All words with the same meaning in ancient and modern times, as well as the title, country name, year number, person name, place name, official name, unit of measurement of the emperor, etc. Can be saved directly in the translation. Change: Because the habits of ancient Chinese are different from those of modern Chinese, there are some classical Chinese.
7. Overall reading of classical Chinese (1) (historical biography) Zhao Chongguo's word Weng Sun 4. One of the following options is incorrectly explained () (3 points) A. The country is over 70 years old, and the old man thinks, ... Old B. How to estimate the strength of the general? C. it is advisable to be concise and wait for D. it is difficult to open the country without disturbing the soldiers. 5. In the following sentences, the group with the same meaning and usage by adding function words is () (3 points) A, which is more dead than the old minister/taken from the blue, while the green one is more than the blue one, which is unprofitable for killing insects/2. How can he know C? If he refuses to accept it, he will definitely fight not late /60 or 70 in the first month, such as 50 or 60 days, and he will ask for advice/be absent-minded. 6. All the following options can show that Zhao Chongguo is safe and prudent.
(2) To cross Huangshui, the road is narrow, and Xu Xingkai is all over the country. (3) don't break the thin open first, and then zero will be unprofitable first.
(4) should be concise and clear to arrive, to do, and the way to win. I know there is nothing strong can do. ⑤ Leave 10,000 people for land reclamation until they leave A, 126B, 235C, 145D, 3467. Among the following options, one of the mistakes in analyzing the meaning of the text is () (3 points). A: Zhao Chongguo was a cavalry when he was young, and later he was transferred to Chang 'an to ride a feather forest to be the emperor's bodyguard.
He went to Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged. The Han army ran out of food for several days and suffered heavy casualties.
Zhao Chongguo led 100 deus ex, followed by Li Guang's brigade, and finally escaped. In order to prevent the Qiang attack, Zhao Chongguo sent the main force to cross the Yellow River at night and build a position on the other side overnight.
Ignoring the challenge of the rebels riding horses in front of the front line, he first sent people to spy out the terrain ahead and the enemy's situation. C, Zhao Chongguo March is given priority to with reconnaissance, and ready to fight at any time.
When camping, strengthen camp defense, slow and steady, and no fighting is unplanned. Love your soldiers and you will win the battle.
D. After Zhao Chongguo resigned from his post after he was ill at home, every time the imperial court discussed major frontier defense issues, he often took part in planning or asked him for solutions. 8. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese (10).
(1) It's difficult for the soldiers to cross the border. I'd like to go to Jincheng in a hurry. (3 points) (2) A good soldier is a career person, not a person.
(3 points) (3) This scoundrel can't insist, but if he is slow, he will ignore it, and if he is urgent, he will die. (4 points) Reference answer: 4. D worry: 5. D A Yu: than/from B zhi: pronoun, indicating that if/or d is used in the same way, it is equivalent to preposition Yu plus pronoun. 6.A7 and B did not send the main force to cross the river at night, but sent three teams to cross the river first.
It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air. I want to go to Jincheng first, and then make plans to deal with it.
(65,438+0 is a graph of degrees and 65,438+0 is a sentence meaning) 2 People who can fight can master the enemy, not be mastered by the enemy. (To 1, passive sentence 1, sentence meaning 1) These are desperate bandits. Let's not push them too hard.
Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back and work hard. (poverty, urgency and death 1 min, sentence meaning 1 min) with reference translation Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), whose real name was Weng Sun, was an official in Longxi, Western Han Dynasty.
He was originally a cavalry, but later, because he was good at riding and shooting, he joined the body guard and became a good son of six counties. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (99 BC), he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased.
Guo Chong led hundreds of strong men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers, and finally the clearance was completed. In the third year of Han Yuankang, Xianling and Han Kai were both Xiqiang races, each with its own toast, and they became enemies because of mutual attacks.
Later, the Huns joined forces with other Qiang people, made a covenant with each other, and relieved their hatred. Zhao Di, Emperor Gaozu, heard about it and asked Zhao Chongguo.
When he was in his seventies, Emperor Zhao thought he was very old. Zhao Chongguo replied: "There is no better candidate than the old minister." Emperor Zhao said, "Can the general predict the current strength of the Qiang people and how many soldiers and horses he intends to take?" Zhao Chongguo said, "Seeing is believing. It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air.
The old minister wants to go to Jincheng first, and then plan to attack and beg. "Zhao Chongguo in Jincheng, ten thousand soldiers wanted to cross the river, again afraid of being intercepted by qiang people.
He sent three battalions of soldiers to cross the river quietly at night. After crossing the river, they immediately set up camp to guard against the invasion of Qiang people. At dawn, all the sergeants crossed the river safely in turn. After the Qiang people discovered it, they sent hundreds of cavalry to harass around the Han army.
Zhao Chongguo thinks that Qiang Qi is always brave and good at fighting, and it is difficult to subdue him. Moreover, this may be a trick of the Qiang people to lure the enemy, so they ordered: "Our army and horses have just crossed the river and are a little tired. There is no need to pursue Qiang riding. The goal of attacking Qiang people is to destroy them. You don't have to be greedy if you ride nearly a hundred. " Zhao Chongguo sent cavalry in the vicinity and ytterbium qing reconnaissance in these two places, found no qiang people.
So he took his troops to Luodu at night and called the generals of various ministries and said, "I knew Qiang people were not good at using troops. If we send thousands of men to look around and watch the cymbals, how can our army enter? " So, he pushed to the west and came to the mansion in Dewey West, where he ate and drank every day. Both the sergeant and the foot soldiers hope to contribute to him. The Qiang people came to provoke him several times, and Zhao Chongguo ordered them to stick to it. Emperor Zhao ordered Zhao Chongguo to attack.
Zhao Chongguo wrote a letter, repenting his sins and dissecting his own interests, saying, "I heard from Sun Tzu's Art of War that' a man who is good at fighting can control the enemy, but not be controlled by the enemy'. Since the Qiang people invaded, we must train our military forces in an orderly way, so that we can get earlier and earlier. This is the way to win.
According to the old minister, if you can destroy zero first, even if you don't crusade, it will naturally submit; One thousand at the beginning of the year has been completely annihilated, and it is rare to open it, so it is not too late to attack again in the first month. "Zhao emperor accepted Zhao Chongguo's opinion.
Then Zhao Chongguo led his troops to attack the first zero, the first zero, because he lived in peace for a long time and let his guard down. When he saw the army of the Han Dynasty, he left his equipment and tried to cross Huangshui for his life. Because of the narrow road, Zhao Chongguo had to retreat slowly. Some people say, "Chasing the first batch of deserters is a great opportunity to make contributions."
Zhao Chongguo said, "These are desperate robbers. We shouldn't push them too hard. Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back to work hard. "
The chief of the Qiang nationality forgot and came to surrender automatically. After Zhao Chongguo gave him food, he still told him to go back and convince others. At one time, more than ten thousand Qiang people surrendered. Zhao Chongguo expected the Qiang people to disintegrate on their own, so he sent all the cavalry back and asked for permission to leave 10,000 soldiers in the local wasteland.