The Great Pyramid was built during the reign of the second king Khufu of the fourth dynasty in Egypt (about 2670 BC). It used to be 146.5 meters high, but now it is 136.5 meters high due to the peeling of the top. Its bottom is square, each side is about 230 meters long and its area is about 80 mu. This tower consists of 2.3 million huge stones, which vary in size and weigh from 1.5 tons to 160 tons. According to research, it took 654.38 million people and 20 years to build the Great Pyramid.
The second largest pyramid is the tomb of khalaf, the fourth Pharaoh of the fourth dynasty in ancient Egypt (about 2575-2465 BC), so it is called the Hafra Pyramid, with a tower height of143.5m.. The world-famous Sphinx is next to the Havla Pyramid. It is said that the transmission surface is a simulated image of khalaf. For a long time, due to the excessive humidity and poor ventilation in the pyramid, cracks appeared in the walls of the tomb. 1992, the Havla Pyramid experienced another earthquake with a magnitude of 5.4, which was partially damaged. At the beginning of 1993, when archaeologists were inspecting the pyramid area in Giza province, they accidentally discovered a large-scale ancient tomb group with more than 160 ancient tombs. The hieroglyphics in the tombs record the situation when the pyramids were built. There are paintings on the tomb wall, which vividly show the situation when the pyramids were built. These ancient tombs have different shapes and materials. Some tombs are pyramid-shaped, some are circular arches, and some are rectangular flat-topped slopes. There are three main materials: adobe, basalt and granite. In order to further study the newly discovered ancient tombs, the Egyptian Ministry of Culture has set up a scientific research team, and the mystery about the pyramid builders will be further revealed. 1In July 1996, Egypt decided to open four pyramids in Dashur, about 35 kilometers south of Cairo.
Two of these four pyramids were built nearly 4,600 years ago for Pharaoh Safro of the fourth dynasty in ancient Egypt. One of them has a unique shape, which is called "curved pyramid" or "corner pyramid". Its bottom is square, with a side length of188m and a height of about 98m. It is unique in that there are two slopes on each side. Archaeologists found that when the ancient Egyptians built it, they first built it with an inclination of 54 degrees. After reaching a certain height, they continued to build at an inclination of 43 degrees until completion. So the four sides of the pyramid look curved. Another pyramid built for King Safro is made of red limestone, so it is called "Red Pyramid". 1In August, 1996, when Egyptian archaeologists were cleaning the base of the Menkoala pyramid near the Giza pyramid in the southwest of Cairo, they stumbled upon two rare stone statues of Ramses II, which was the first time to find cultural relics related to Ramses II in the pyramid highlands.
These two newly discovered stone statues are located next to the koala pyramid, the third largest pyramid gate. They are carved on the same stone, 3.5 meters high and weighing about 4 tons. One of them reflects the true face of Ramses II, and the other combines the statues of Ramses II and Horatio. Ramses II was a famous Pharaoh in ancient Egypt 19 dynasty (about BC 1304-BC 1237).
The pyramids of Giza belong to the cultural relics of the ancient Egyptian kingdom (3200-2270 BC), while Ramses II lived in the new Egyptian kingdom (1560-100 BC). Archaeologists believe that this important discovery may help people reveal more secrets in the pyramid area.
In recent ten years, a large number of tourists visited the pyramids, which led to the rising humidity and the increase of chemicals in the pyramids, which destroyed the firmness of the pyramids. In order to better protect this precious monument, the Egyptian government announced 1995 as the year of pyramid protection in April.