Sima: the name of an ancient official. Horses played an important role in ancient Chinese wars. The professional army before the Spring and Autumn Period was mainly composed of children of aristocratic origins. The main method of warfare was the formation of chariots against each other. In ancient times, chariots were drawn by horses, so horses position is extremely important.
Sikong: Sikong is an official name in ancient China. He was placed at the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty. His position was the Three Dukes, which was equivalent to the Six Ministers. He was also called the Five Officials together with Sima, Sikou, Sushi, and Situ. He was in charge of water conservancy and construction. All the bronze inscriptions were assigned to him as a clerk.
Situ: Situ is an important official title in ancient my country, which evolved from the local official Situ in "The Rites of Zhou". He is in charge of civil affairs, he is in charge of rural sacrifices, he is in charge of saving animals, and he is in charge of mourning in Anzi Palace. The Shaohao family was named after birds, while the Zhu Jiu family was named Situ.
Sikou: Sikou is the name of an ancient Chinese judicial officer. In Shang Dynasty, he was the highest judicial officer; in Zhou Dynasty, he was divided into big Sikou and small Sikou. "The Rites of Zhou·Qiu Guan" states: "The big Sikou is in charge of the three codes of founding a state, and he assists the king in punishing the state and interrogating the four directions." The minor Sikou "hears the lawsuits of all the people with five punishments." The Qin and Han Dynasties replaced him with Tingwei. In later generations, Da Sikou was nicknamed the Minister of the Ministry of Justice, and the minister was called Shao Sikou.
Extended information
Official position introduction:
1. Jue. That is, titles and titles are the bestowals given by ancient emperors to nobles and heroes.
2. Prime Minister. It is the highest official position in the feudal bureaucracy and the person who upholds the monarch's will and directs national government affairs. Sometimes it is called the Prime Minister, often referred to as the prime minister, or simply "Xiang". Generally there is only one prime minister, commonly known as the Great Prime Minister, and sometimes it is divided into two prime ministers: the right prime minister specializes in managing state affairs, and the left prime minister is the emperor's "personal advisor". There is no need to manage state affairs.
3. Grand Master. Refers to the official position, also known as Dazai.
In ancient times, Taishi, Taifu, and Taibao were called the "Three Dukes". Later, they were mostly given titles to senior officials to express favor but no actual duties.
4. Prince and Grand Master. The Prince's Grand Master belongs to the "Third Master of the East Palace" and is the nominal Prince's teacher. The Prince's Grand Master, the Prince's Grand Tutor and the Prince's Taibao were known as the "Three Masters of the East Palace". The Prince's Young Master, the Crown Prince's Young Master and the Crown Prince's Shaobao were called "Three Solitary Masters" and later gradually became a virtual title.
5. Shangshu. Initially, he was an official in charge of documents and memorials. Six ministries were established in the Sui Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, the six ministries were identified as officials, households, rituals, soldiers, punishments, and workers. Each ministry had the minister and the minister as the chief and deputy chiefs.
6. Bachelor’s degree. In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it was the official position in charge of ceremonies and compilation of various affairs. After the Tang Dynasty, it referred to Hanlin bachelors, who became the emperor's secretary and advisor, and participated in secrets, so they were called "internal ministers". In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, although those who served as imperial edicts, served as readers, served as lecturers, edited, and were sworn scholars were also Hanlin bachelors, their status and responsibilities were different from those of the Hanlin bachelors in the Tang and Song Dynasties.
7. Shangqing. In the official system of the Zhou Dynasty, the emperor and the princes all had ministers, who were divided into three levels: upper, middle and lower. The most noble one was called "shangqing".
8. General. In the pre-Qin and Western Han Dynasties, it was the highest title for a general. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the title gradually became empty and had no actual duties. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the post of general officer was established only during wars and was abolished after the war.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sima
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sikong
Baidu Encyclopedia-Situ
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sikou
Baidu Encyclopedia-Ancient Official Positions