Have you ever commented on the ancient prose of the imperial examination system? Or introduce the ancient prose of the imperial examination system?

Imperial examination is a system of selecting officials, and it is a subject opened by the imperial court. Scholars can apply freely, mainly based on the examination results. The imperial examination system was founded in Sui Dynasty, established in Tang Dynasty, completed in Song Dynasty, and lasted for 1300 years. It has an important position and extensive influence in the history of China. According to the types, the imperial examination system mainly includes tribute, restraint, martial arts and boy exercises. Among them, Gong Ju is held regularly, so it is called "long-term guest", with the largest number of participants, the longest duration and the greatest social impact. & gt( 1) In the history of China's imperial examination system, public subjects have changed greatly before and after. There are probably four subjects of tribute in Sui Dynasty: scholar, scholar, scholar and Ming Jing. The Tang Dynasty inherited the Sui system and made great progress. In the Sui Dynasty, besides four subjects, three subjects were added: Faming, Shu Ming and Shu Ming. The Ming Classics are divided into Five Classics, Three Classics, Two Classics, Scholar Zeng, Three Rites, Three Biographies, Three History, Kaiyuan Rites and so on. Scholars and scholars were soon abolished, while Faming, Shu Ming and Shu Ming were all designed to hire professionals. Therefore, the objects of tribute in the Tang Dynasty were mainly Jinshi and Mingjing. In the early Northern Song Dynasty, the system inherited from Tang and Five Dynasties was mainly composed of Jinshi, Mingjing and other subjects. The subjects in the Song Dynasty are roughly equivalent to the Ming Classics in the Tang Dynasty, and are also divided into Nine Classics, Five Classics, Three Rites, Three Biographies, Three History, Scholars, Faming and thomas lee. In the fourth year of Xining in Song Shenzong (107 1), Wang Anshi reformed the tribute, abolished the Ming Classics and other subjects, and only took scholars as candidates. Inherited in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, they were all selected as Jinshi. (2) Candidates who have passed the qualification examination need neither ask about their family background nor be recommended by others. In the first year, ordinary Jinshi can take the imperial examination as long as they have good conduct, innocent identity, good health and don't mourn for their parents. This is what the ancients called "taking scholars regardless of family background", that is, scholars are free to apply for exams. This greatly expanded the scope of selecting talents and expanded the foundation of dynasty rule. (3) Grading Examination During the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, Gongju examination was divided into two levels: decomposition examination and provincial examination. Song Taizu established the palace examination system, and began to implement three-level examinations, namely, solution examination, provincial examination and palace examination. In the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was renamed after having obtained the provincial examination, Jinshi and palace examination. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was called "Xiekao" in order to obtain the qualification of metropolitan examinations. Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, generally held once a year; After the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, it was changed to "three-year opening of the examination hall". Usually held in the state capital. During the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was changed to "after having obtained the provincial examination". Held in Shuntian, Yingtianfu (Suiyang) and provincial capitals. The examination room in the Tang and Song Dynasties is almost the same as the modern classroom examination room, while the examination room in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is a single room. Everyone should be given a room in which to answer, eat and sleep. The solution test and rural test are generally held in autumn and August, and a certain number of places are allocated according to regions. Those who pass the exam are called "the top scholar", those who pass the township exam are called "the top scholar", and the first name is "Xie Yuan". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the re-examination of those who passed the examination was held in Shangshu Province of the central government, so it was called "provincial examination". Those who pass the provincial examination in the Tang Dynasty will be awarded Jinshi and. After the palace examination system was established in the Song Dynasty, having obtained the provincial examination became an examination to obtain the qualification of palace examination. Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties changed its name to "Huishi". Provincial examination and general examination are presided over by the Ministry of Ritual and held in January and February in spring. Generally, there are roughly admission places. The first place in the provincial examination is "provincial yuan"; Will try the first name "Huiyuan". The examination is a re-examination presided over by the emperor himself for those who passed the provincial examination or the general examination, and it is the highest level in the three-level examination. Usually held in the main hall of the palace. For example, the court examination in Song Dynasty was held in Chongzheng Hall, and the court examination in Qing Dynasty was held in Baohe Hall. The court examinations of the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties are usually held in March. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to April 2 1, which became a custom. After the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, people who participated in palace examination generally had gifts, and they were not relegated. They just rearranged their rankings according to palace examination's achievements. Palace examination in Song Dynasty was generally divided into five categories. First, dimethyl was given to Jinshi and, third and fourth armour were given to Jinshi origin, and fifth armour was given to the same Jinshi origin. The court examinations in the Ming and Qing Dynasties are divided into the top three, the top three, the first champion, the second, and the third flower detective, all for Jinshi and; No.2, given the origin of Jinshi; The top three are several, and they are endowed with Jinshi origin. Put up a yellow list, commonly known as "to be the first." (4) Examination room rules Because the imperial examination mainly determines admission and ranking order according to the test results, it requires that the imperial examination must be open, fair and equitable. In order to prevent favoritism and malpractice, all previous dynasties have stipulated various examination rules, mainly including: First, lock the hospital to prevent asking for help. Since the era of Song Taizong, the system of locking the imperial court has been established, which stipulates that examiners should be locked in the imperial court from the date of appointment to the date of publication of examination results. This cut off the contact between the examiner and other officials, making it difficult to ask for help. Second, don't try to avoid suspicion. Since Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, a system of "separate examination" has been established for the children and relatives of examiners. However, it was not until the Song Dynasty that it became customized. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was further stipulated that the descendants and relatives of the examiner should not take the exam. Third, sit by the list and don't move. Since the song dynasty, the number of seats in the front row of the exam has been fixed and posted. Sit on the list during the exam and don't move or change. Fourth, it is forbidden to carry books, preach righteousness and write ghost letters. In order to prevent juren from cheating, special supervisors and shop inspectors have been set up since the Song Dynasty to conduct searches when entering the venue and patrol supervision after entering the venue. Once it is found that a juren has brought a book into the examination room or passed on a message, please ask someone to write it for him and punish him immediately. For example, in the seventh year of Hongwu, Ming Taizu (1374), if there were books, as usual, I held a cangue in front of the venue in January, begging for sin all day long, and cleaning myself up for the people. (5) Marking Rules In terms of marking papers, a relatively strict system was gradually formed after the Song Dynasty. First, the system of "public recommendation" by court ministers and "public papers" submitted by the people in the Tang Dynasty should be awarded to tribute officials, so that the imperial examination papers become the only basis for evaluating achievements and are decided to be abandoned. This is what Lu You, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, said: "Everything is done according to the text." Second, implement the system of sealing and copying. Seal, also called paste name, is to print the name, age, three generations, place of origin, etc. And replace it with a font size to prevent the examiner from practicing favoritism and malpractice when marking papers. however