1, Yan Dou: According to historical records, in 1 122 BC, it was sealed in the state of Yan after the termination of the Shang Dynasty. Yan Dou is named after being the capital of ancient Yan State. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, there is Yan State, which is said to be named after its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital is called "Yan Dou".
2. Beijing: Beijing generally refers to the national capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called the capital.
3. Shi Jing: Ming Chengzu moved to Beijing in the 18th year of Yongle (1420) and renamed it Shi Jing until the Qing Dynasty.
As early as the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, it was sealed in Beijing and its vicinity and called Yan. The capital is Liu Lihe Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, and the site still exists. After the Yellow Emperor, the surname Ji was in the southwest of Beijing today. After Yan was destroyed, it moved its capital to Ji, which was collectively called Yan Dou or Yanjing.
During the Qin Dynasty, Ji County was established in Gyeonggi, which belonged to Yang Guangjun. In the fifth year of Emperor Gaozu, it was placed under the jurisdiction of Yan State. In the first year of Yuanfeng, it was re-established as Yang Guang Ji County, belonging to Youzhou. In the first year, it was the capital of Yang Guang country, because the emperor's personal packet was here.
When Guangwu was reformed in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the secretariat department of Youzhou was located in Jixian County. Yongyuan reinstated Yangguangjun in eight years. In the Western Jin Dynasty, the court changed Yangguang County to Yan State, and Youzhou moved to Fanyang. After the Sixteen Kingdoms, Zhao moved back to Jixian County, and Yan State was changed to Yan State. After Yan Qian, Qianqin, Houyan and Northern Wei, it remained unchanged.
Yan County was abandoned in the third year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (583). In 607, the Sui Dynasty changed Youzhou to Zhuo Jun. During the Wude period in the early Tang Dynasty, Zhuo Jun was also called Youzhou. In the first year of Zhenguan (627), Youzhou was placed under Hebei Road. Later, it became the residence of the special envoy of the john young era. During the Anshi Rebellion, An Lushan proclaimed himself emperor in Beijing, and the founding name was "Dayan". After the rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, it was restored to a secluded state controlled by Lu Long.
At the beginning of the Five Dynasties, Liu Rengong, a warlord, established a local political power here, called the Prince of Yan, which was later destroyed by the later Tang Dynasty. In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Taizong fought against Liao in Gaolianghe (now Haidian District, Beijing), and was defeated in the Northern Song Dynasty. From then on, he longed for sixteen states. Liao established Beijing as its capital in the first year of Huitong (938), and changed its name to the Western Jin Dynasty in the first year of Kaitai.
In the first year of Zhenyuan in the Jin Dynasty (1 153), Emperor Yan Yanliang of the Jin Dynasty officially established Beijing as the capital, which is called Zhongdu in history, in the southwest of Beijing today.
1949 10 10/day, the Central People's Government of People's Republic of China (PRC) was proclaimed in Beijing. Beijing is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The west, north and northeast are surrounded by mountains, and the southeast is a plain that slowly inclines to the Bohai Sea.
The main rivers flowing through the territory are: Yongding River, Chaobai River, North Canal and Juma River. Most of them originate in the mountainous areas in the northwest, cross the mountains, meander through the plains and flow to the southeast, and finally merge into the Bohai Sea respectively. Beijing's climate is a typical warm temperate semi-humid continental monsoon climate, with high temperature and rainy summer, cold and dry winter and short spring and autumn.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Beijing