What was the name of Beijing in the Qing Dynasty?

Question 1: Was Beijing called Beiping in the Qing Dynasty or was Beijing called Ji Cheng, Yan Dou, Yanjing, Zhuo Jun, Youzhou, Nanjing, Zhongdu, Dadu, Shi Jing, Shuntianfu, Beiping and Beijing successively? In the Ming Dynasty, in the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), after Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, in order to record the achievements of pacifying the North, most areas of the Yuan Dynasty were renamed Beiping. In the first year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403), after Zhu Di (Ming Chengzu) ascended the throne, he changed the Beiping mansion, which was the fief of the Prince of Yan, to Shuntianfu, and built Beijing City and moved the capital here. This is the beginning of the official naming of Beijing, which has a history of more than 600 years. In the Ming Dynasty, Shi Jing moved his capital to Beijing in the 18th year of Yongle (1420) and renamed it Shi Jing until the Qing Dynasty. The word Shi Jing first appeared in The Book of Songs? Daya？ Gong Liu: "The wilderness of the capital is everywhere." Later generations called the capital the capital. There is also a saying that Fengxiang in Shaanxi has mountains called Beijing and water called teachers. Because both Zhou Wenwang and King Wu established their capitals here, they were named Shi Jing, and later Shi Jing was regarded as the representative of the national capital. After Beijing was called the capital, it was also called Shi Jing. During the Republic of China, Shuntianfu was abandoned in the second year of the Republic of China (19 13). The following year, Jingzhao was placed in the middle of Zhili, covering most of Beijing today. In the seventeenth year of the Republic of China, Jingzhao was abolished and Beijing was changed to Beiping. People's Republic of China (PRC), Beijing1949 On September 27th, 2009, the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference renamed Beiping "Beijing" for short, and now it is one of the four municipalities directly under the Central Government of China, the second largest city in China and the political, transportation and cultural center. Beijing is located at the northern end of North China Plain, with Tianjin in the southeast and Hebei Province in the rest. It has gathered Chinese culture since the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, with many places of interest and rich cultural landscapes. It is the city with the most world cultural heritage in the world, and receives more than 65.438+47 billion tourists every year. When the Qing Dynasty was called Beijing, you could know it was called Beijing by signing the Beijing Treaty in the late Qing Dynasty from 65438 to 0860.

Question 2: What was the name of the mayor of Beijing before the Qing Dynasty? The place names of Beijing before the Qing Dynasty were: Ji, Youzhou, Yan Dou, Rixia, Yanjing, Chunming, Beijing, Nanjing, Yanshan, Zhongdu, Kambaluk, Beiping, Beijing, Wanping, Jingzhao, Yuyang, Western Jin Dynasty and Shuntianfu.

Information: baike.baidu/view/2621? WTP = TT

Beijing is an ancient capital with a history of more than 3000 years. It has different titles in different dynasties, with roughly more than 20 nicknames.

According to historical records, in BC 1 1 century, after the Shang Dynasty, Emperor Yao conferred the title of Ji. In addition, there was Yan State before Zhou Dynasty, followed by Yan State and Ji State, with Ji Cheng as its capital, which is now the predecessor of both capital cities. After Qin destroyed Yan, Jixian County was established, so the address is in Beijing today.

Youzhou is one of the ancient Kyushu. The name of Youzhou was first seen in Shangshu? Shun Dian: "Yanyue Youzhou." Youzhou was established in the Han, Wei, Jin and Tang Dynasties, and all of them ruled in today's Beijing area.

Yan Dou is named after being the capital of ancient Yan State. Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period, there is Yan State, which is said to be named after its proximity to Yanshan Mountain, and its capital is called "Yan Dou". Later, it was often used as another name for Beijing in some ancient books. In 1980s, a publication about Beijing literature and history was published, named Yan Dou.

Sunset began to appear in the Book of Jin, and Yingchuan was close to Luoyang, jindun, so it was called sunset. Later, when Wang Bo, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote Preface to Wang Teng-ting, he said that "the sunset looks at Chang 'an, and the cloud refers to Wu Hui" and applied it to this allusion. Since then, it has been called "sunset". As a synonym of Beijing, it uses Old News of the Sun written by Zhu Yizun in Qing Dynasty and Textual Research of Old News of the Sun written in Qianlong period.

Youdu County was established in the Tang Dynasty, and Youdu Prefecture was also established in the Liao Dynasty, with the jurisdiction of today's Beijing area.

Tang Suzong and Gan Yuan were in Yanjing for two years (759). Shi Siming claimed to be Emperor Yan and john young was Yanjing. After the Anshi Rebellion was settled, Yanjing went on strike. Later, although the official name of Beijing changed frequently, the name Yanjing was widely used. In the past century, "Yanjing" has been the most commonly used nickname in Beijing, and even the names of some enterprises and products are often named after these two words.

Chunming originated in the Tang Dynasty. The main entrance (East Gate) of Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, is called Chunmingmen. The ancients believed that the East dominated spring, and later generations took Chunming as another name for the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called Chunming. This is what A Qing writer Sun Chengze wrote "wet dream in the Spring".

Before the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Chang 'an, the capital of Beijing, was called the capital. Later, the capital was generally called the capital. After Beijing became the capital, it was also called the capital, and it is also the most commonly used synonym for people to call Beijing today.

In the first year of Liaoning Huitong Nanjing (938), the original Youzhou was upgraded to Youdu House, and Nanjing, also known as Yanjing, was built as the capital of Liaoning. At that time, the capital of Liao was in Beijing (now south of Bahrain Zuoqi, Inner Mongolia).

In the fourth year of Xuanhe in Yanshan and Northern Song Dynasty (1 123), Song and Jin jointly attacked Liao and captured Yanjing. After the Song and Jin Dynasties made peace, Yanjing returned to the Northern Song Dynasty and built Yanshan House (because it was near the foot of Yanshan Mountain), so Yanjing was also called Yanshan.

In the sixth year of Song Xuanhe in Zhongdu (1 125), the Jin people invaded the south and occupied the Yanshan mansion in the Song Dynasty. In the first year of Jin Zhenyuan (1 153), Jin people moved their capital to Yanjing, renamed Zhongdu, and ruled southwest Beijing today.

Daxing Jin changed Yanjing into Zhongdu, and at the same time established Daxing House, which is located in the southeast of Beijing, including Dongcheng District, Chongwen District, Chaoyang District and the east of Daxing District.

In the Yuan Dynasty, most of the new towns were rebuilt around Jinligong (now Beihai Park). In the ninth year of Yuan Dynasty (1272), it was renamed Dadu, and in Yuan Dynasty it was commonly known as Dadu.

The Yuan Dynasty was in Kan baruch. Most Mongolians called it Kan baruch, which means "Khan City" in Mongolian, that is, the place where Khan lived. So after the Yuan Dynasty made Beijing its capital, it was also called Kan baruch and Kyle? In his travel notes, Poirot called Dadu (Beijing) cambaluc.

In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), after Zhu Yuanzhang destroyed the Yuan Dynasty, in order to record the achievements of pacifying the North, the Yuan Dynasty was renamed Beiping.

In the first year of Yongle in Beijing in the Ming Dynasty (1403), after Judy (Emperor Chengzu of Ming Dynasty) ascended the throne, she changed the Beiping mansion, which was a fief for her when she was a prince, to Shuntianfu, built the city of Beijing, and moved the capital here, and officially named it Beijing ... >>

Question 3: Where did Beijing * * * live in the Qing Dynasty?

At that time, Sue was also called "the womb". On the central axis of Wang Fu, from south to north, there are Fu Men, Yin 'an Hall, East and West Wing, Temple and Post-Gai Lou. There is a garden in the west and a temple in the north. Judging from the picture, this palace was basically built according to the system of the Qing dynasty code, and it did not exceed the standard. In the forty-third year of Qianlong (1778), the hereditary title of Prince Su was restored, and it was called "Prince Su Palace" from now on. The reason why such a big palace in those days has not been preserved to this day is that the Su Palace has a beautiful environment and resplendence. After the Second Opium War, France requested the residence of Prince Su as its embassy. However, Suwangfu is a Wang Fu in an iron hat. Prince Gong, who was in charge of the negotiations at that time, dared not make a promise easily. After several negotiations, the French reluctantly agreed to build an embassy in Chungong Mansion, and Su Wangfu escaped temporarily, but Su Wangfu did not escape the disaster in Eight-Nation Alliance. After the Boxer Rebellion, Suwangfu was designated as the Japanese Embassy, and now it is the seat of Beijing.

Question 4: What was the name of Beijing in the Qing Dynasty? Shuntianfu was founded by Emperor Yongle, and Beijing was called Beijing until the demise of the Qing Dynasty, and it was changed to Beiping in the Republic of China.

Question 5: Where was the ancient city of Beijing in Qing Dynasty? The ancient city of Beijing was the Forbidden City in Qing Dynasty, which is now the Forbidden City in Beijing.

1, Introduction to the Forbidden City

Located in the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City is an unparalleled masterpiece of ancient architecture and the largest and most complete ancient architectural complex in the world. It is known as "the first of the five largest palaces in the world" (the five largest palaces in the world are: the Forbidden City in Beijing, the Palace of Versailles in France, Buckingham Palace in Britain, the White House in the United States and the Russian Kremlin). The Forbidden City in Beijing is the imperial palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties. All the palaces in the past dynasties were "like a heavenly palace" to show that the monarch was "ordered by heaven". Because you are the son of heaven, the palace of the son of heaven is like the forbidden area of the "Purple Palace" where the emperor lives, so it is also called the Forbidden City.

The Forbidden City Wumen Forbidden City was built in 1406, and was basically completed in 1420. It was founded by the Ming emperor Judy. The length of the Forbidden City is 96 1 m from north to south and 753 meters from east to west, covering an area of about 720,000 square meters. The construction area is 6.5438+0.55 million square meters. It is said that the Forbidden City has 9999 rooms, and the actual data is 1973. According to experts' measurement, the Forbidden City has more than 90 courtyards and 980 houses, accounting for 8707 rooms (but this "room" is not the current concept of room, and the "room" here refers to the space formed by four pillars). Miyagi is surrounded by a palace wall with a height of 12 m and a length of 3400 m, which is rectangular and surrounded by a moat with a width of 52 m, forming a fortified castle. The buildings in the Forbidden City are all wooden structures, with yellow glazed tile roofs and blue-and-white stone bases, decorated with brilliant colorful paintings. There are four doors in the Forbidden City. The main entrance is called Wumen, the east entrance is called Donghuamen, the west entrance is called Xihuamen, and the north entrance is called Shenwumen. Facing the Shenwumen in the north gate, Jingshan, made of earth and stone, is full of pines and cypresses. In the overall layout, Jingshan can be said to be the barrier of the Forbidden City complex.

According to China's ancient astrology theory, Ziweiyuan (i.e. Polaris) is located at the zenith where the Emperor of Heaven lives, and heaven corresponds to human beings, so it is also called the Forbidden City. After the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty seized the throne, Judy decided to move the capital to Beijing and began to build the palace, which was completed in the 18th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1420). 19 1 1 year, the Revolution of 1911 overthrew the last feudal monarchy in China-the Qing Dynasty. 1924, the emperor Puyi was expelled from the palace. For more than 500 years, 24 emperors lived here and ruled the whole country.

The Forbidden City receives an average of 6-8 million tourists from home and abroad every year. With the development of tourism, the number of tourists is increasing, which shows that people's interest in the Forbidden City is lasting.

2. Geographical location

The Forbidden City is located in the center of Beijing, at No.4 Jingshan Front Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, north of Tiananmen Square 1 km, opposite the south gate of Jingshan.

3. Architectural layout

According to its layout and function, the architecture of the Forbidden City is divided into two parts: the "outer courtyard" and the "inner courtyard". The dividing line between "outer court" and "inner court" is Gan Qing Gate, with the outer court in the south and the inner court in the north. The architectural atmosphere of the Forbidden City is very different from that of the Imperial Palace.

The outer court, centered on the three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe and Baohe, is the place where the emperor held the court meeting, also known as the "former court". It was a place where feudal emperors exercised their power and held grand ceremonies. In addition, there are Wenhua Hall, Wenyuan Pavilion, Shangyuanyuan and Sonan on the east side of the two wings; There are buildings such as Wuying Hall and Interior Office in the west.

The Forbidden City is centered on Gan Qing Palace, Jiaotai Palace and Kunning Palace, flanked by hall of mental cultivation, East Palace, West Palace, Zhai Palace and Yuqing Palace, followed by the Imperial Garden. This is the residence of the feudal emperor and empress. Ningshou Palace in the east of the Forbidden City was built after Emperor Qianlong abdicated. There are Cining Palace and Shou 'an Palace in the west of the palace. In addition, there are buildings such as China Palace and Beiwu.

4. Building materials

Brief introduction of architecture

The Forbidden City was built in 1406 and basically completed in 1420. It was built by the Ming emperor Judy. The length of the Forbidden City is 96 1 m from north to south and 753 m from east to west, with an area of about 720,000 square meters and a building area of155,000 square meters. According to legend, the Forbidden City has 9999 rooms. In fact, according to the experts' on-the-spot investigation in 1973, there are more than 90 courtyards and 980 houses in the Forbidden City, with a total of 8707 rooms (but this "room" is not the current concept of a room, and the "room" here refers to the space formed by four pillars). Miyagi is surrounded by a palace wall with a height of 12 m and a length of 3400 m, which is rectangular and surrounded by a moat with a width of 52 m, forming a fortified castle. The buildings in the Forbidden City are all wooden structures, with yellow glazed tile roofs and blue-and-white stone bases, decorated with brilliant colorful paintings. There are four doors in the Forbidden City. The main entrance is called Wumen, the east entrance is called Donghuamen, the west entrance is called Xihuamen, and the north entrance is called Shenwumen. Facing the Shenwumen in the north gate, Jingshan, made of earth and stone, is full of pines and cypresses. In the overall layout, Jingshan can be said to be the barrier of the Forbidden City complex.

According to China's ancient astrology theory, Ziweiyuan (the North Star) is located in the center of the sky, where the Emperor of Heaven lived. & gt

Question 6: What was the name of Beijing in the Qing Dynasty? Historical materials of Beijing archives

1368 (the first year of Hongwu) 12 In September, Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, ordered Xu Da to go north to capture the capital of Yuan Dynasty, which is today's Beijing, and renamed most of it "Beiping House".

1403, Judy ascended the throne, 1427 (Yongle 19), and Judy, the Ming emperor, moved the capital from Nanjing to Beiping and changed Beiping to "Beijing".

1644, the Qing soldiers entered the customs, and their capital was Beijing, which is still called "Beijing".

Question 7: What was the name of Beijing in the Qing Dynasty? Beijing used to be called Ji, the Spring and Autumn and Zhou Dynasties were the capital of Yan State, and the Liao Dynasty was the capital, which was called Yanjing. The rulers formally established the capital here, calling it Zhongdu; When Dan was named Dadu; In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was also called the capital, and was generally called Beijing.

Question 8: Where was the Forbidden City in the Qing Dynasty? In the name of the Qing Dynasty? Hello, this bosom friend! Glad to answer for you!

This is the Forbidden City in Beijing.

The Forbidden City is located in the center of Beijing, formerly known as the Forbidden City. Built in the 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1420), it is the imperial palace of Ming and Qing Dynasties, an unparalleled masterpiece of ancient architecture, and the largest and most well-preserved ancient wooden structure complex in the world. All the buildings in the Forbidden City are composed of "the former dynasty" and "the imperial palace", surrounded by city walls. Surrounded by Tongzi River. There are turrets in all four corners of the city. There are doors on all sides, due south is the noon gate, which is the main entrance of the Forbidden City.

Hope to adopt or praise it, thank you!

Question 9: Is Beijing the Forbidden City in Qing Dynasty? The Forbidden City refers to the imperial palaces of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In Beijing, but not Beijing.

Question 10: How many post stations were there in Beijing in the Qing Dynasty? What is the most famous name? There is no post station in Beijing, so it is not allowed to rest in such a close place. I went directly to the city to deliver the letter. There is a post station near Shangchen, just near Zijingguan.