In the cultivation of farmland in the Tang Dynasty, medicinal gardens accounted for a certain proportion, and wherever cultivated, there were always medicinal plants cultivated. Bai's "Changqing Collection" Volume 16 once said that at that time, "medicine gardens and vegetable gardens were businesses." It shows that the cultivation of medicinal materials in Tang Dynasty has formed a considerable scale. Another example is Du Fu's poem "Taiping Temple Spring Eye": "When the house is dirty, Yu Runtong Medicine Garden." Wang Wei's poem "Jeju Family Banquet" said: "The lotus hoe repairs the medicine garden, and the Chinese kitchen feeds the wild vegetables." Liu Deren's poem "To Taoshan People" said: "The wife of the medicine garden is the same, and the son of Yamada cultivates." All reflect the prosperity of pharmacy management. Even in the narrow space in front of and behind the house, the Tang people should plant several cups of medicinal materials. For example, Yao He's "Thirty Poems of Wugong County" says: "There must be a rattan frame around the government, which invades the medicine cup." Yao Jie's "Two Poems of Li Shi Yu in Suizhou" says: "There will be medicine at last." These widely planted medicinal plants provided great resources for Tang people to eat medicinal seedlings.
The picture comes from the internet.
In the eyes of the Tang people, medicinal seedlings are rare and delicious vegetables, which are not only delicious, but also beneficial to the body and mind. Li Deyu's poem "Remembering Medicine Seedlings" pays a cordial tribute to this, saying: "The medicine seedlings on the stream are full of gas and rich as they like. Can help me live longer, not only strengthen my muscles and bones. The taste of ganoderma lucidum is more than that of Shouyang fern. Is it like a scholar in Gangu who wants to take a sip from the fragrant spring? " In the daily drinking of Tang people, medicinal seedlings and vegetables are excellent non-staple foods. Fang Gan's poem "To Zhang Shaofu, Huiji" says: "How can a high festival be like an official, and a medicine seedling incense is used to prepare a regular meal?" The poem "Send Zheng Tai Chu Shi to Jiangyan Rock" said: "I am used to picking wild medicinal seedlings and writing banana leaf books to send new questions." Lu Lun's poem "On the Title of Assistant Minister Hou Zhao and Assistant Minister Li Xinchang" says: "Sha Ting is a wild banquet, and blue medicine is a family dish." Jia Dao's poem "Zhai Zhong" says: "When the rain is enough, it is advisable to be rich in vegetables and medicines." Bai Juyi's poem "Mountain Residence" said: "Only medicine is used for breakfast, and only gauze lights are used at night." Zheng Changshi's "Sending Xing Yi People" says: "Wild drinking medicine makes seedlings fat". Guan Lin's poem "Early Spring with Master Mao" says: "Medicine tastes delicious." The Tang Dynasty poets quoted above described the prominent position of medicinal seedlings in diet from different angles. Whether it is the picnic of Chu Shi, a mountain man, or the specialty of literati, you can see the traces of medicinal seedlings. This shows that medicinal seedlings, as a new plant food, have seized a place in the traditional diet pattern of Tang Dynasty.
Song people once again expanded the edible range of medicinal seedlings and increased the proportion of medicinal seedlings in daily vegetables and foods. Volume 8 of Huang Xiufu's Hakka Dialect in Mao Ting once recorded that it was extremely common for people at that time to "take medicine seedlings as their food and take medicine powder as their food". In the recipes of farmers in Ren Shan, Miao medicine often plays a leading role. For example, Lu You's poem "Shandong" said: "Mountain families don't have to cook far away." In addition, the poem "Going Alone to Dunan Summer Palace in Dazhu Forest" also said: "The medicine seedling is Ye Shuwei. "Those bureaucrats who have a certain status also take medicine seedlings, and they are more interested. For example, Yu Wang's poem "Send Fengyang to the Chief Executive" says: "The medicine is fragrant"; Lu You's poem "This is the way it is" also said: "Medicine seedlings choose their own vegetables. "It can be seen that the fresh and refreshing drug seedlings have touched the appetite of many people.
There are many edible varieties of medicinal seedlings, such as Lycium barbarum seedlings, chamomile seedlings, lotus seeds, technical seedlings, tender leaves of Polygonatum sibiricum, acanthopanax bark, perilla frutescens, Elsholtzia Elsholtzia, cassia seed, etc., which are all delicious vegetable foods.
The picture comes from the internet.
People in the Tang and Song Dynasties planted Lycium barbarum and used its seedlings and leaves as vegetables. Chen Ziang once mentioned in "Viewing Jade" that people make the leaves of Lycium barbarum seedlings into vegetable scraps for people to eat. After eating Lycium barbarum seedlings, scholars in Song Dynasty often praised it and wrote poems for it. For example, Zhao Fan's poem "Eating Lycium barbarum" said: "Who knows that the seedlings have been tried before the spring breeze." Don't tire your stomach, bamboo is thinner than your stomach. "Zhu Yi's poem" Eating Lycium barbarum "says:" Zhou Dang passed Zhong Shu, and there was no food in the water. I have Lycium barbarum on my plate, just like the little chef of hippo. If than min county magistrate, has made the abbot rich. But it makes teeth and cheeks fragrant, and there is almost no jealousy. "Lycium barbarum leaves are slightly bitter, so you must blanch them with boiling water before eating. If cooked properly, they are still cool and refreshing.
During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people planted chamomile as a medicinal material and also ate its tender leaves. Some people also use chamomile as a drink. In the Tang Dynasty, Yao He described the wonderful use of this kind of chamomile in his book "Shame on Illness". The poem says: "There are more than ten chrysanthemums in Xiaoxiao Palace. Collect fragrant dew and send it to the sick man with the title. Cooked in a teapot, this meal is called Shi Ou Zhong. Xiang Jie will never taste the same again. " In the Song Dynasty, people cooked chamomile into vegetable soup, which was regarded as a good dish. For example, Li Guang's poem "The Old Man Picks Garden Vegetables with Qi Ju as Soup" says: "Garden vegetables are two inches long, with crisp gums and fragrant chrysanthemum seedlings. If you want to invite the neighboring dragons to sip together, you may be short-walled by chickens and dolphins. " The fragrance and beauty of its soup are well known in poetry. The posture of chamomile can often be seen in the daily diet of Song people. For example, Huang Tingjian's poem "Play Shen Yan": "Make up the deficiency and solve the war, rely on soup cake, use chamomile, use chamomile" is to use chamomile as a side dish of noodles; Su Shi's poem "Spring Vegetables" said: "Artemisia capillaris and chamomile bear the burden of the canal, and catfish pile up the vegetables and wipe them with their hands", which also refers to chamomile with fish.
Lily is a zingiberaceae plant, its rhizome, flower spike and fruit are all used as medicine, and it has been widely planted in the Tang Dynasty. Liu Zongyuan's poem "Planting a White Crane" says: "Fruits and vegetables are far away, and a glass of wine is full. ..... It is very rare for Emperor Yan to bow his head and edit. " According to Chen Zangqi's Notes on Materia Medica, there are two kinds of lotus flowers: red and white. The white one eats its roots and is called "cover", while the red one is worth chewing and making into plum fruit. In Qian Fang Yao, Sun Simiao emphasized the value of white crane dish, and pointed out that this medicine seedling is "pungent and warm", and both seedlings and roots can be eaten.
Is a compositae plant, including Atractylodes macrocephala and Atractylodes lancea. Its roots are used as medicine and its seedlings can be used as vegetables. "Four Seasons Essentials" records the cultivation of Atractylodes lancea: "If it is planted in the border, it will be thick for one year, and the seedlings can also be used as vegetables." Liu Zongyuan's poem "Planting Techniques" has a special liking for this crop. The poem says: "Earth paste nourishes mysterious liquid, and truffles grow into countless branches. An acre of land in the southeast is divided into three parts, and the air is filled. It's beautiful to walk in the morning and quiet to sleep at night. ..... If bamboo is like a fragrant leaf, I would rather consider it. " It seems that Miao Miao is a delicious vegetable food, so it will be praised so much.
The picture comes from the internet.
Polygonatum sibiricum is a famous medicinal material, which was cultivated artificially in Tang Dynasty and popularized in a certain range. Zhang Ji's poem "Send the King to the Imperial Palace" said: "If you want to move nearby, there are many kinds of fields of jade and bamboo." Polygonatum rhizome is used as medicine, and seedling leaves are high-quality vegetables. "Four Seasons" once said: Polygonatum sibiricum "has beautiful leaves and is used as a vegetable." Su Song in the Song Dynasty also pointed out in the Classic of Materia Medica: "The leaves of Polygonatum sibiricum seedlings are slightly hooked ... When seedlings are born, people often choose vegetables as shavings, which are called potted vegetables, which are very delicious."
Acanthopanax senticosus is a deciduous shrub whose root bark is used as medicine. People in the Song Dynasty planted it in the garden and picked it as a vegetable. The fourth volume of the Old News of Quyi compiled by Zhu recorded: "The medicine has acanthopanax bark, its stem has thorns, and its leaves are like catalpa, commonly known as catalpa. Spring buds are edible, sweet and slightly bitter, or bitter with sweet, and cloud food is extremely beneficial to people. My son is in Donglishan, and he often uses it as a salary when he is old. Because he is called the back garden, he can cover people who have no fun, especially because his flower buds are edible. "
Of course, there are many varieties of medicinal seedlings in the Tang and Song Dynasties, such as burdock, false Sue, plantain, mint and so on. They are all eaten by people. Xin Li, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote in his poem "Li Shen Teachers College": "All kinds of grass in the courtyard are fragrant with flowers", which means all kinds of medicinal plants are eaten. Song's poem "Answering Li Sheren's Suitability" said: "The medicinal seedlings are all ethnic groups", and even boasted about the variety of edible medicinal seedlings at that time. It can be said that during the Tang and Song Dynasties, people tried their best to expand vegetable fields and deliberately cultivated edible varieties. In this way, people have more choices in their daily diet.