Zhang Qian's mission
Zhang Qian's mission to the western regions, also known as Zhang Qian's mission to the western regions, refers to a historical event in which Zhang Qian hoped to unite the Vietnamese to crusade against the Huns and send Zhang Qian to the western regions.
In the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (BC 140), Zhang Qian was recruited as an emissary to unite with Da Yue to attack the Huns. He left Longxi in Jianyuan three years ago, was captured by Xiongnu, and then escaped. I went west to Dawan, passed Kangju, arrived at Dayue's home, and then went to Daxia, and stayed for more than a year before coming back. On his way home, Zhang Qian changed from South Road to Nanshan in an attempt to avoid being discovered by Xiongnu, but he got it from Xiongnu and was detained for more than a year.
In the third year of Yuanshuo (BC 126), the Huns were in civil strife, and Zhang Qian took the opportunity to escape to the Han Dynasty, and reported the situation of the western regions in detail to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, who named him a doctor too much. Because of Zhang Qian's prestige in the Western Regions, the envoys of the Han Dynasty later called him Bo Wanghou to win the trust of other countries.
Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions was originally intended to carry out the strategic intention of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to unite with Da Yueshi to fight against the Huns. However, after he went to the Western Regions, the cultural exchanges between Han and Yi were frequent, and the civilization of the Central Plains spread rapidly around through the "Silk Road". Therefore, Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions has special historical significance. Zhang Qian has made outstanding contributions to the opening of the Silk Road from China to the Western Regions, which is praised by the world.
Xuanzang (602 ~664) was a famous monk in the Tang Dynasty, the founder of Faxiangzong, and a native of Luozhou (now Yanshi, Luoyang, Henan)? , its first YingChuan people? The layman's name is Chen Yi (yρ), and the legal name is Xuanzang. He is honored as Master Sanzang, later commonly known as Tang Priest, and is also known as the three great translators of Buddhism in China with Kumarajiva and Zhen Zhen.
In order to explore the differences between different schools of Buddhism, Xuanzang traveled 50,000 miles to the west in the first year of Zhenguan, and went through hardships to the Nalanduo Temple in the center of Indian Buddhism to obtain the true scriptures. During the seventeen years before and after, he studied various theories of Mahayana at that time, brought back 50 Buddhist relics/kloc-0, 7 Buddha statues and 657 Buddhist scriptures, and engaged in the translation of Buddhist scriptures for a long time. Xuanzang and his disciples translated 75 Buddhist scriptures, with volume 1335. Xuanzang's translated works include Mahayana Sutra, Heart Sutra, Shen Jiemi Sutra, Yoga Teacher's Theory of Land, Theory of Consciousness and so on. The Book of the Western Regions of Datang 12 describes the mountains, rivers, cities, products, customs and rumors of 28 countries that he personally experienced1KLOC-0/0 in his journey to the West. Journey to the West is based on the story of the Tang Priest.
Xuanzang was praised by people all over the world as an outstanding messenger of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. His patriotic spirit and great contribution to the promotion of Buddhism were praised by Lu Xun as "the backbone of the Chinese nation" and the messenger of world peace. With the spirit of no self, no sentient beings and no immortality, he traveled west to learn from the scriptures, which embodied the true deeds of Mahayana Buddhism and Bodhisattva and crossing all sentient beings. He has traveled all over India, affecting as far away as Japan, South Korea and even the whole world. Xuanzang's thoughts and spirit are now the common wealth of people in China, Asia and even the world.
Zheng He's seven voyages to the West were a sea voyage in the early Ming Dynasty.
Ming Chengzu ordered Zheng He, the eunuch of Sanbao, to lead more than 200 ships and more than 27,000 people to set off from Nanjing, gather in Liujiagang, Taicang City, Jiangsu Province (now Liuhe Town, Taicang City, Jiangsu Province), and settle in Taiping Port, Changle, Wuhumen, Minjiang Estuary, Fuzhou. Kaiyang? , sailed to the western Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and visited more than 30 countries and regions including the Indian Ocean. He has visited more than 30 countries, including Java, Sumatra, Sulu, Pahang, Zhenla, Guri, Siam, Bangla, Adan, Tian Fang, Zoufal, Hulumusi, Mugudushu and so on. As far as East Africa and the Red Sea are known. ?
Zheng He's voyage to the West was the largest in ancient China, with the largest number of ships (more than 240), the largest number of sailors and the longest voyage, which was more than half a century earlier than that of European countries, and was a direct manifestation of the prosperity of the Ming Dynasty. Zheng He's voyages to the West far surpassed those of Portugal and Spain nearly a century later, such as Magellan, Columbus, Da Gama and others. He was the pioneer of the "Great Navigation Age", the only oriental, and even put forward the theory of sea power 500 years earlier than Mahan? Some people even say that Zheng He first discovered America, Australia and Antarctica. ?
There are different opinions about the purpose of Zheng He's voyage to the West. One said to promote the Ming Dynasty and Wade, and the Biography of Zheng He in the Ming Dynasty recorded: "And it is necessary to show off its strength and prosperity in foreign countries"; When it comes to looking for the emperor Wen Jian, The Biography of Zheng He in the Ming Dynasty records: "Cheng Zu suspected that Hui Di died overseas and wanted to find traces"; In addition, it is said that the Timur Empire was outflanked, the old headquarters of Zhang Shicheng was swept away, the problem of army demobilization was solved, overseas tributes were obtained, and trade was developed to ease financial expenditure. It is said that Zheng He's voyages to the West made the poor rich? Luxury goods are "enough for the whole country"