From the title alone, the just Three Kingdoms period began when Wei Wendi Cao Pi abolished Han Xiandi Liu Xie, and the three countries each claimed the title. However, no one will agree that the Three Kingdoms started with Cao Pi. The reason was that the Eastern Han Dynasty had already existed in name only. Therefore, when it comes to the Three Kingdoms, we have to talk about the decline of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Several emperors in the Eastern Han Dynasty, except Guangwudi Liu Xiu, were almost all "teenagers who succeeded in their ambitions". According to the Records of the Later Han Dynasty, the oldest young emperor was only 17 years old when he ascended the throne, and the youngest filial piety dragon was only 100 days! How can a brat rule the world? Power naturally falls into the hands of relatives (consorts) and friends (eunuchs). The harem intervened in the state affairs, and the world was never peaceful, not to mention the Eastern Han Dynasty implemented this basic national policy for decades.
In the fifth year of Zhong Ping (AD 188), Ada, an ordinary Jiangxia man at that time, saw that there were thieves everywhere (the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising had broken out) and suggested: "Soldiers and bandits from all directions are despised by the secretariat, so we can't ban them, and they use people who are not their own, so that they desert. It is advisable to change the shepherd and choose a clean official. " To put it simply, it is necessary to select important officials from the central government, strengthen local leadership and expand the power of local officials, so as to suppress the rebellion in various places more effectively. This suggestion was adopted, and Ada personally became Yizhou Pastoral. This policy, which was not mentioned in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, has greatly influenced future generations for decades.
In all fairness, the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty was an era of utter corruption. Huan ling sells officials and titles in public. Even an official position like or was clearly marked with a price of18 million, and he couldn't get the money for a while, and even got credit! What can such officials do when they go to Taiwan Province besides desperately "making money"? It is a miracle that such a dynasty will not perish. However, after careful analysis, it was not the "way of Qin Dynasty", that is, it died in the surging peasant uprising, and even the Yellow turban insurrectionary uprising failed to subvert it. It is the "way of the Zhou Dynasty", that is, he died because of the rebellion of local officials (princes). Who was really loyal to the court after Dong Zhuo? Investigate its reason, Ada's policy has played a decisive role. The local officials sent by the central government hold considerable power, so it is certainly more flexible and powerful to deal with the yellow turban insurrectionary. What about the central government in turn? The so-called imperial court is just a group of disabled women and children (hehe, it is polite to call eunuchs like this). Too often Ada (Yizhou Pastoral) is the servant of Huang Wan (Yuzhou Pastoral), and Zong Zheng Liu Yu (Youzhou Pastoral) doesn't take them seriously, what's more, now the mountain is high and the emperor is far away? The implementation of this policy actually changed the situation from centralization to enfeoffment in the Eastern Han Dynasty. This is the reason why there were so many governors in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
At this time, the dog-eat-dog between consorts and eunuchs intensified. In six years, Emperor Ling collapsed and the young emperor Liu You succeeded him at the age of 17. General blades, a captain Yuan Shao, and others wanted to kill eunuchs, but they did not listen to Chen Cao's words and insisted on calling Dong Bing back to Beijing. Dong Zhuo was an expert at that time. "His muscles are extraordinary. He wears two cymbals and shoots from left to right, which makes Hu Qiang afraid. " Worship the exploits of the former general. Doubting his self-esteem, the court tried many times to promote him to Shaofu (finance minister, one of the nine ministers) and Zhou Mu, but he refused. This is a hard job. Can he come happily? Once it comes, what will it be?
Dong Zhuo really came, blades didn't see it. This general is so useless. Before Dong Zhuo's soldiers and horses were set on fire by leaking secrets, they were tricked into the palace by "disabled people" and made it go away. When Yuan Shao, Yuan Shu and others saw it, they immediately set fire to the palace gate and attacked General He's "legacy". Seeing that the situation was not good, eunuchs hijacked Shaodi and Wang Liuxie (Han Xiandi, then only 9 years old) and fled. Dong Zhuo saw a fire in the city on the road and hurried to see the fleeing emperor Xian Di. 17-year-old Shao Di saw Dong Zhuo's army, and he just cried, but Liu Xie Kan Kan, 9, talked about the troubles of the city. /kloc-A 0/7-year-old brother is not as good as a 9-year-old brother. No wonder he is looked down upon and unlucky.
Both consorts and eunuchs lose, and careerists like Dong Zhuo certainly want to fish in troubled waters. However, he came in a hurry, brought only 3,000 soldiers and horses, and performed a wonderful scene under the gaze of everyone. He first set up a camp in Luoyang city, secretly transferred his troops out of Luoyang at night and publicly transferred them to Luoyang during the day. In this way, this trick was repeated for four or five days without being exposed. Everyone saw Dong Zhuo's continuous reinforcements. Who else in Luoyang dares to resist Dong Zhuo's fighters? Blades department leaderless, had to take refuge in Dong Zhuo. Lyu3 bu4 also defected to Dong Zhuo after killing the gold Lord Ding Yuan. As a result, Dong Zhuo monopolized the power and his official position was also rising. Prime Minister Qiu also came to "go to the DPRK and take a sword to the temple", comparing himself with Xiao He. Looking at the little emperor timid, bullying the little emperor timid, waste for Hongnong Wang, another 9-year-old Chen Liuwang is Liu Xie of Xian Di. Later, probably because the lout looked at the loser, the more awkward he looked, the more he killed him.
Dong Zhuo abolished Shao and established it, which marked the complete destruction of the authority of the Han Dynasty. In this way, it makes sense for the Romance of the Three Kingdoms to start with Blade and Dong Zhuo. Since then, local governors no longer have any substantive respect for the central government of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Later, Cao Cao, who relied on the emperor as a vassal, and Liu Bei, who shouted for the promotion of Liu, were all using clever slogans to gain practical benefits. Holding the emperor's envoy, holding the emperor is the means, and the envoy is the purpose; Han An promoted Liu, where is Ann's Han, and whose is Liu?
Dong Zhuo is a clown, and the son of heaven can't do fine work. Seeing the wealth in Luoyang, he indulged soldiers in robbery and rape and became a bandit leader. After the robbery, He Taihou was buried soon, and Dong Zhuolian's hidden treasure was also swept out. "Rape the princess again, wife slightly imperial secretary, torture, revenge to death", which makes everyone feel insecure. Seeing that the bronze men in Luoyang and Chang 'an were not pleasing to the eye, they confiscated all the bronze men and horses in Beijing as raw materials for making copper coins. First, it triggered inflation. Can a stone of millet sell for tens of thousands of copper coins (there will probably be one stone)? ; Secondly, this shoddy currency is not easy to use, and of course the world complains.
Dong Zhuo also knows that everyone hates eunuchs killing Zhongliang indiscriminately. Although he ran amok and pretended to be a good corporal, he promoted some celebrities vigorously, but none of his closest relatives held important positions. However, of course, celebrities don't listen to the "fallacies and heresies". Yuan Shao had already turned against him, and he also let bygones be bygones. He worshipped Yuan Shao as the satrap of Bohai Sea (Yuan Shao claimed to be also a captain), named Yuan Shu as the post-general, and named Cao Cao as a captain. However, who wants to be with a person who is "abused and punished" for such a small favor? Yuan Shu and Cao Cao escaped one after another, and Cao Cao also left an anecdote of "catching and releasing Cao Cao" (only it was not done by Chen Gong).
The princes in the world have long been dissatisfied with Dong Zhuo. "There are many people who want to compete for Excellence." At this time, Qiao Huan, the magistrate of Dong Jun County, forged letters from three court officials (still in Luoyang) to local governors, detailing Dong Zhuo's crimes and saying that "seeing persecution, there is no way to save yourself, and I hope to help the country." Now, everyone has a reason to form an alliance against Dong Zhuo.
In the first month of spring in the first year of Chuping (A.D. 190), the Kanto governors formed an alliance against Dong Zhuo, and elected the four generations of Sangong and the famous minister Yuan Shao as the leader. Mainly include: Wang Kuang, Han Fu, Jizhou Mu, Kong Zhou, Liu Dai, Zhang Miao, Juck Zhang, Bao Xin, the late general of northern Hebei, Yuan Shu, etc. , which one is a talent, there are tens of thousands of Athens. But who would have thought that Sun Jian and Cao Cao, who were unknown at that time, would be an instant hit in the crusade (although the romance of the Three Kingdoms was beautifully written, it was a pity that there was no such figure as Liu)?
The official position of Bohai satrap is too small to be an ally. So Yuan Shao claimed to be a general riding a chariot and granted other people official positions in the name of the imperial court. However, these "loyal people" looked at Dong Zhuo's strength and no one dared to attack. When Dong Zhuo heard that Yuan Shao took the lead in rebellion, he first killed all his relatives in Luoyang, and then called his ministers to discuss countermeasures, posing as if he wanted to send troops on a large scale. However, Zheng Tai, the minister of history, told him that princes were just treasures. Yuan Shao's son, Wan Ku highlights; Zhang Miao Dongping is an elder, confused and pedantic; Kong Zhou's words are on paper. He is no match for Dong. Isn't it too fall in price to go out for such a group of losers? However, the Qiang people in the west are tenacious and good at fighting, so we must guard against them. Objectively speaking, what Zheng Tai said makes sense. Later, the alliance was really a mess for internal reasons. However, as a minister loyal to the Eastern Han Dynasty (and later conspired with Xun You and others to assassinate Dong Zhuo), what he said was actually to induce Dong Zhuo to fall for it and neglect the governors' prevention. However, his biggest mistake is that he is right. At that time, Dong Zhuo saw many ministers and felt guilty. So, I "listened" to this suggestion. But still guilty, regardless of everyone's opposition, he called on (or rather kidnapped) the emperor's ministers to move to Chang' an. Someone discouraged, kill! Before leaving, I ransacked Luoyang again. He fabricated charges against the rich and then forcibly ordered millions of people in Luoyang to move to Chang 'an. Temples, government offices and houses were burned down. There will be no chickens or dogs within 200 miles of Fiona Fang. Do another grave robbery, rob the graves of the past emperor ministers, make a windfall and run away. However, this vicious "move" was finally seen through by some princes. Dong Zhuo, a paper tiger, has a guilty conscience! This man was none other than Cao Cao, Emperor Wu of Wei, who was later very angry about this situation.
After Cao Cao fled anonymously from Luoyang to his hometown, he recruited more than 5,000 people. After the allied forces started, he also participated, and Yuan Shao gave him the title of General Fenwu. Many people in the Allies saw that Yuan Shao was stronger than Ma Zhuang, and Yuan Jia's henchmen were all over the world, and they all regarded him as a hero. Only Bao Xin, Prime Minister of Jibei, lamented Cao Cao's talent and said to Cao Cao, "You are the only one who can set things right. If you are not such a person, although you are strong for a while, you will inevitably perish (Yuan Shao, of course). You are the hope of the world! "
Dong Zhuo escaped, burned in Luoyang, and escaped (I didn't intend to come back). Should the Allies go all out to fight Reservoir Dogs? Don't! Yuan Shao and others are still afraid, and no one dares to chase them first. Cao Cao's efforts to persuade him were useless. Cao Cao was anxious: "Since everyone is here, what is there to worry about?" ? If Dong Zhuo hears of our uprising and wants to send troops down to the East to compete, it should not be underestimated. Now Luoyang has been set on fire. After kidnapping Tian Zi or the Communist Youth League, he fled to Chang 'an in the west, and he was on tenterhooks all day. The fall is imminent, and the first world war can be decided. It's now or never! "After casting pearls before swine, with his five thousand troops, to recover to the west. Only Cao Cao's good friend Zhang Miao sent Wei Zi to help. Pursuit to Xingyang, met Dong Zhuo's ministry Xu Rong. After the war, an encounter was defeated by being outnumbered. " There were many casualties among the infantry. "Cao Cao himself was shot in the back and the horse was shot dead. At the critical moment, Cao Hong, the brother of Cao Cao's clan, gave his mount to Cao Cao and said righteously, "There can be no floods and no business. ".Cao Cao finally escaped. When Xu Rong met Cao Cao, although the number was small, he was "fighting for his grandson", judging that Suanzaoren's allies would not be easy to deal with and there was no pursuit.
What were the 100,000 allied troops of Zizyphus jujube doing when Cao Cao was fighting? Eating and drinking every day, eating and drinking at public funds, my idea of Emperor Dong Hanxian has long been replaced by Du Kang (Xu Rong would regret it if he knew the details). When Cao Cao saw the mess of cups and plates, he was angry and disappointed, depressed and mixed feelings. He immediately denounced these hiccups: "If you can follow my plan, General Yuan Shao will lead his troops into Jin Meng;" Ziziphus jujuba's men held the elevation and occupied the danger; General Yuan Shu led the army into Wuguan, shaking the three generals. You don't have to beat Dong Zhuo, and you can get immediate results by attacking the rebels with reason and evidence. Now you are so-called volunteers, but you are suspicious, idle and miss the opportunity. What a disappointment! You are not ashamed! " Drunk guys, I'm afraid they can't even hear what Cao Cao said. At most, they just blush with alcohol.
The allies were so anticlimactic that as a whole, they really fell without firing a shot. Since then, the crusade against Dong Zhuo has never been seriously discussed. Such a failure cannot be found from the outside, but only from the inside. Although the allies were outnumbered, they were attracted by the strange strange bedfellows. Han Fu, a priest in Jizhou, was in charge of grain and grass supply. He was worried that Yuan Shao, the satrap of Bohai Sea, would endanger his position. Now that Yuan Shao has become the leader of the League and established his position as a cycling general, he has violated the orders of the leader and secretly dragged his feet (personal interests have been above the court). Yuan Shao himself is a sheepskin guy, but he became an ally because of Yuan Jia's reputation. Many people from the Allies came here because they were usually taken care of by the Yuan family, and they only cared about brotherhood. The boss is in a hurry because of the shortage of rations. Will someone go through fire and water for the 9-year-old emperor? Cao Cao's painstaking efforts can only be in vain.