Contents 1 Pinyin 2 English reference 3 Overview 4 Causes and pathogenesis of Su Yi 5 Symptoms of Su Yi 6 Classification of Su Yi 7 Impact of Su Yi on vision 8 Diagnostic basis of Su Yi 9 Syndrome differentiation of Su Yi Treatment 9.1 Internal treatment method 9.1.1 Main symptoms 9.1.2 Syndrome analysis 9.1.3 Treatment method 9.1.4 Treatment with prescriptions and medicines 9.2 External treatment method 9.3 Acupuncture treatment 9.4 Embedding therapy 10 Literature summary 11 References attached: 1 Treatment of Suyi Prescription 2 Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of Suyi 3 Suyi in ancient books 1 Pinyin
xiǔ yì 2 English reference
old nebula [Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology Approval Committee. Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology (2004) ]
old nebula [Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology Approval Committee. Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology (2013)]
corneal scar [Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology Approval Committee. Traditional Chinese Medicine Terminology (2013)]
3 Overview
Suyi (old nebula; corneal scar) is the name of the disease [1]. See Volume 2 of Huang Tingjing's "Mu Jing Dacheng" of the Qing Dynasty. It means that after the black eye disease is cured, scars form with a smooth surface, dark eyes are cloudy, the edges are clear, and there is no redness or pain [2]. Any black eye that is turbid, has a smooth surface, clear edges, has no tendency to develop, and is not accompanied by symptoms such as redness, pain, or tears is called persistent nebula. Such as ice nebula, cloud nebula, thick nebula and fatty nebula, etc. all belong to this category. Ophthalmology literature of the past dynasties has named the nebula according to its shape, extent, degree, color, etc. There are many names, but the most important ones are ice-free nebula, cloud nebula, thick nebula, and spotted nebula. It is difficult to treat persistent nebula. Generally, if the nebula is thin and treated early, it can be expected to be alleviated or subsided. If the nebula is old, it may be difficult to use medicine to be effective. It is equivalent to corneal scar in Western medicine.
Sustained nebula is equivalent to corneal scar in Western medicine. 4 The etiology and pathogenesis of Sudden nebula
Sudden nebula is a scar nebula left after recovery from black eye diseases or trauma, such as coagulated fat nebula, white sunken flower nebula, polyglottis, and mixed eye disease. 5 Symptoms of nebula
The nebula scar left after the symptoms of black eye disease such as redness, pain, and blindness subside [1]. The surface of the nebula is smooth, the eyes are dark and turbid, the edges are clear, and there is no redness or pain [2].
There is a white barrier on the black eye, with different shapes, thicknesses, and uncertain locations, but the surface is smooth, the edges are clear, and there is no redness or pain in the eye. If it is located around the dark eye without covering the pupil, vision will be less affected; if it is located in the center of the dark eye and the pupil is covered, vision may be seriously affected. If the nebula is thin, like a flaw on ice, and can only be seen under concentrated light, it is called ice nebula; if the nebula is slightly thicker, like cicada wings, like floating clouds, and can be seen under natural light, it is cloud nebula; if the nebula is thicker, , the color is as white as porcelain, and one can tell at a glance that it is a thick nebula; if the nebula adheres to the yellow kernel, the color is white with black, or is tied by small red veins, and the pupil is tilted to the side and is not round, it is called fatty nebula. 6 Classification of Suyi
Depending on its thickness and transparency, it can be divided into ice shading and cloud shading [1].
Modern Chinese medicine ophthalmology divides the nebula into four types according to its thickness and intensity: the nebula is as thin as a blemish on ice and needs to be seen under strong light, it is called ice blemish nebula (called in Western medicine) Cloud nebula); when the nebula is as thin as cicada wings, like floating clouds, and can be seen under natural light, it is called cloud nebula (called spot nebula in Western medicine); when the nebula is as thick and white as porcelain, and can be seen at a glance, it is called thick nebula (called white spot in Western medicine) ; The nebula adheres to the yellow kernel and the pupil is not round on the side, which is called fatty nebula (called adhesive leukoplakia in Western medicine). 7 The impact of shading on vision
The degree of impact of shading on vision mainly depends on the location of the shading, followed by the size and thickness. If the nebula is small, but it is located directly in front of the pupil, it will obviously hinder vision; if the nebula is at the edge of the black eye, although it is slightly larger and thicker, it will not have a serious impact on vision. As it is said in "Inspection of Yao Han·Diagnosis and Examination": "The shadow is afraid of being smooth, and the stars are afraid of being in the pupil." 8 Diagnostic basis of Suyi
1. Most patients have a history of black eye lesions or trauma.
2. There is gray-white nebula on the black eye, with different shapes and thicknesses, smooth surface, clear boundaries, and sodium fluorescein staining is negative. 9 Syndrome differentiation and treatment of Suyi
Suyi is the scar left after the black eye nebula heals. If during the period when the new nebula changes to the permanent nebula, we seize the opportunity, treat it in time, take oral or external medicine, and it can still subside a little; if the qi and blood have been stabilized for a long time, the medicine will not be effective, especially for white spots.
For internal treatment of persistent nebula, it is appropriate to check the pulse carefully, nourish deficiency and purge excess, improve eyesight and reduce nebula. Kaiming Pills and Shijueming Powder can be used for external treatment; Qibao Powder is used for external treatment [1]. Although there are several treatments mentioned above, the curative effect is not good for patients with long-standing and deep disease[1].
The first step in syndrome differentiation is to classify the symptoms that are new and long-term. Those with new symptoms and those with shallower symptoms can be treated patiently, which is expected to be effective. Treatment should be based on internal and external combination, and the principle of medication is to replenish deficiency and purge excess, remove nebula and improve eyesight. People with advanced age often cannot be cured.
9.1 Internal Treatment Methods 9.1.1 Main Symptoms
The black eye disease has initially recovered or has nearly recovered, the redness and pain have subsided, leaving scars and obstructions of different shapes and thicknesses, blurred vision, and Internal dryness, but no systemic symptoms. 9.1.2 Syndrome analysis
In the later stage of black eye disease, the evil is retreated and the lesions are repaired, so the redness and pain subside. The remaining scars and obstructions cause the black eyes to lose their crystal clarity and hinder the radiance of the divine light, resulting in blurry vision or even severe vision loss. The body fluid is depleted and the Yin fluid is insufficient, so the eyes are dry and astringent. The condition was basically cured, and there was no sign of orthogonal strife, so there were no special changes in the tongue and pulse. 9.1.3 Treatment method
Remove yi and improve eyesight 9.1.4 Treatment with prescriptions and medicines
Qingyi decoction can be used to treat persistent yi. In the prescription, Equisetum and Dense Menghua can reduce the nebula and improve eyesight; Rhizoma Rhizoma, Fangfeng, and Schizonepeta can disperse the nebula; Guiwei and Red Peony can activate blood circulation and stagnate the nebula; the nebula is located in the wind wheel and should be in the liver, soothing and calming the liver can also reduce the nebula. , so use Vitex officinale and Bupleurum to dispel wind and soothe the liver, and add Cassia to soothe the liver; for those with raw earth nourishing yin and a deficiency of yin and fluid, add Scrophulariaceae and Ophiopogon japonicus to nourish yin and promote fluid production. If there is still slight redness and residual heat, you can add Scutellaria baicalensis; if the red veins extend into the pancreas and qi and blood are stagnant, add safflower; if the tongue is pale and the pulse is weak and Qi and Yin are insufficient, you can add Radix Pseudostellariae. For those with deficient kidney yin, take Siwu Decoction; for those with insufficient kidney yin, take Qiju Dihuang Pills. You can also take Kaiming Pills, Puyun Tuiyi Powder and other pills and powders for oral administration, and gradually adjust the condition to achieve better results. 9.2 External treatment method
The main method of external treatment of persistent nebula is to grind away the obstruction and eliminate the nebula. Use Tuiyun Powder or Babao Eye Drops or Lachia TuiYi Powder to instill the eye. 9.3 Acupuncture treatment
Acupuncture can be used to treat Suyi by selecting acupoints around the eyes and distally along the meridian. Take Jingming, Chengqi, and Jianming as the main points, and Taiyang, Hegu, and Yiming as the supporting points. Each time, one main point and one supporting point are taken alternately. 9.4 Thread embedding therapy
Mainly embedding threads under the bulbar conjunctiva. After routine disinfection, topical anesthesia and local anesthesia, No. 0 silk thread or No. 0-1 catgut is buried under the bulbar conjunctiva and surrounds it. One week around the cornea, 2 to 3 mm away from the cornea. The thread should not be tied or exposed. Cut it close to the conjunctiva. Apply anti-inflammatory eye ointment and cover the eye pad for 1 to 2 days. It is mostly used for persistent nebula caused by clots.
10 Literature Abstract