In addition to well-developed motor organs, balance organs, muscle systems, nervous systems, vision, and various morphological structures adapted to different habitats, marine swimming organisms also possess some special adaptive functions and habits. For example, most species living in the open sea, such as mackerel, tuna, dolphins, etc., all have a typical streamlined body shape to reduce water resistance and swim quickly and nimbly. Flying fish have extremely developed pectoral fins and can glide out of the water. Generally, the gliding time does not exceed 2 seconds and the gliding distance is about 50 meters. Sometimes the gliding time can reach 15 seconds and the distance can reach more than 400 meters.
Dolphins have The epidermis is very thick and elastic. There are many small ridges in the dermis, and the spaces between the ridges are filled with fluid. Therefore, dolphins can adapt to pressure changes in water flow, eliminate turbulence, approach the realm of sheet flow, and move forward at high speeds. When cephalopods encounter enemies, they can release black juice from the ink sacs in their bodies, turning the surrounding seawater black to cover their escape. There are two rows of sieve-like baleen on both sides of the upper jaw of the blue whale, which allows it to eat a large amount of food. A blue whale with a length of 33 meters and a weight of 190 tons feeds on krill (generally 4 to 6 centimeters long). , weighing 0.7-1.5 grams), the daily food intake is as high as 4-5 tons. Cetaceans have organs that can receive and transmit information very well, and have an extremely sensitive detection system, namely "sonar", so they have the ability to echolocate and navigate.
Some swimming creatures have special adaptations to life in the deep sea. Fish, swimming cephalopods, and crustaceans living in the deep sea all have light-emitting devices, which can illuminate the lightless deep sea to capture food, or confuse predators to escape from harm. Some species have extra-large mouths, elastic jaws, formidable teeth and expandable stomachs to effectively capture food in front of them and swallow food larger than themselves. Some species are small (less than 15 centimeters in length), or very light in weight (such as a large fish with a length of 1.5 meters, weighing only 1.8 kilograms), or have poor bone ossification and loose muscles like gelatin, which reduces the basal metabolic rate. The requirement is reduced to just enough to maintain the ability to hunt, in order to minimize the need for food and energy and adapt to the deep-sea environment where food is poor. Male-male pairing is also a way for deep-sea swimming organisms to ensure that they obtain effective mates. For example, in Ceratias holbolli, which lives at 1,500 to 2,000 meters, male fish attach to female fish and become "periphytes."
Population classification
Nektonic organisms live in different habitats and have different adaptability to water flow resistance. According to this, it can be divided into 4 groups: Scientific name: Penaeus japonicus
English name: Kuruma prawn
Common names: flower shrimp, bamboo shrimp, flower tail shrimp, spotted bamboo shrimp , car shrimp
Origin: Coastal Japan, East China Sea and South China Sea
Geographical distribution: South of Hokkaido, Japan, coastal China, Southeast Asia, northern Australia, eastern Africa and the Red Sea, etc. Distribution
Scientific name of Penaeus Vanmamei
English name: White Prawn
Common names: white-legged shrimp, Penaeus vannamei
Origin: Pacific Ocean
Geographical Distribution: Distributed from the west coast of the Pacific Ocean to the central Gulf of Mexico
New Penaeus knoutensis
Scientific name: Metapenaeus ensis
English name: Greasyback shrimp
Common names: Jiwei shrimp, soil shrimp, sand shrimp
Origin: South China Sea
Geographical distribution: Mainly distributed in eastern Japan Coast, my country’s East China Sea and South China Sea, the Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia and Australia.
Penaeus monodon Fabricius
Scientific name: Penaeus monodon Fabricius
English name: giant tiger prawn
Common names: ghost shrimp, grass shrimp, Bamboo shrimp, black tiger shrimp, giant tiger shrimp
Origin: Southeast Asia
Geographical distribution: Penaeus monodon is widely distributed in most sea areas from West India to the Pacific Ocean, but Mainly Southeast Asian countries and regions. Although it is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, southern Fujian and other provinces of my country, the population is small.
New Penaeus Zhou's
Scientific name: Metapenaeus joyneri
English name:
Common name:
Place of Origin : China, Japan
Geographic distribution: Along the South China Sea coast of my country, it often appears on coastal beaches, rocks, ice or shallow seas. Such as species of Chelonioidea, Sphenisciformes, Pinnipedia, and Trichechus.