1. Explanation and translation of "Kui Yizu"
Explanation:
"Lu Shi Chun Qiu· Cha Zhuan": "The Duke Ai of Lu asked Confucius: "Le Zhengkui, one foot, do you believe it?" Confucius said: "In the past, Shun wanted to spread his teachings to the world with joy, so he ordered Chongli to lift Kui into the grass. Shun thought he was Le Zheng.
Kui then corrected the six laws and harmonized the five tones to connect the eight winds, and the world was greatly convinced. Chong Li also wanted to benefit others, and Shun said: "... if Kui is one, it will be enough." "Therefore, it is said that Kui is one foot, not one foot." Later, "Kui Yizu" was used to mean that one person is enough for a person with true talent.
Translation:
Duke Ai asked Confucius: "I heard that Kui has one foot. Do you believe it?" (Confucius) said: "Kui is a human being, how can he have one foot? ?
He has nothing special, he is just proficient in rhythm (music). Yao said: "Kui is enough" and appointed him as Lezheng. . Therefore, the learned people say: "Kui has one foot, not just one foot."
Source: "Lu Shi Chun Qiu·Cha Zhuan" written by Lu Buwei during the Warring States Period. .
"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" is a masterpiece of Huang Lao Taoism compiled by disciples under the auspices of Qin Prime Minister Lu Buwei. It was written on the eve of Qin Shihuang's unification of China. This book takes Confucianism as its main body, Taoism theory as its basis, and Ming, Dharma, Mohism, Nong, Bing, and Yin-Yang schools of thought as its material. It integrates the theories of hundreds of schools of thought and shines with the light of profound wisdom.
Lu Buwei wanted to use this as the ideology after the unification of Qin. However, Qin Shihuang, who later came to power, chose Legalist thought, which frustrated all schools of thought, including Taoism. "Lu's Spring and Autumn" is a collection of the culmination of pre-Qin Taoism and a representative work of Taoism at the end of the Warring States Period. The whole book is divided into twenty-six volumes, one hundred and sixty chapters, and more than 200,000 words.
"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" is a book of twelve chapters, eight chapters, and six treatises. It focuses on learning from various schools of thought, with Taoism as the main body and also draws on the theories of Yin and Yang, Confucianism, Mingfa, and military and peasant schools. A completed work. But the main tenet belongs to Taoism.
Therefore, "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" and others listed it in the miscellany. Gao You said in "Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals" that "the book upholds morality as its goal and inaction as its guideline", which shows that the earliest annotators had already pointed out the characteristics of Taoism as the leading thought in "Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals".
Extended information:
About the author:
Lu Buwei (292 BC - 235 BC), surnamed Jiang, Lu, named Buwei, Weiguo A native of Puyang (now Huaxian County, Henan Province). A businessman, politician, and thinker in the late Warring States period, the prime minister of Qin, and the 23rd grandson of Jiang Ziya.
In his early years, he did business in Yangzhai and supported the Qin State. Yiren returned to the country and ascended the throne. He became King Zhuangxiang of Qin, worshiped as Prime Minister, was granted the title of Marquis Wenxin, and settled in Luoyang, Henan Province for 100,000 households.
He led troops to capture the lands of Zhou, Zhao, and Wei, and established Sanchuan County, Taiyuan County, and Dong County respectively, making a major contribution to King Qin Yingzheng's cause of annexing the six countries. After the death of King Zhuang Xiang, he welcomed Prince Ying Zheng to the throne and worshiped him as Prime Minister. He was honored as "Father Zhong" and had overwhelming power in the world. After being implicated in the rebellion of the Lao'ai Group, he resigned and returned to the country. The whole family was exiled to Shu County and committed suicide by drinking poison on the way.
He presided over the compilation of "Lü Shi Chun Qiu" (also known as "Lü Lan"), which includes eight readings, six treatises, and twelve chapters. ", known as "Miscellaneous Family" in history.
In the pre-Qin custom, the more followers a celebrity has, the higher the reputation of the celebrity. For example, Chu has Chunshenjun, Zhao has Pingyuanjun, Qi has Mengchangjun, and Wei has Xinlingjun. They are all political celebrities who are eager to seek talents and enjoy high reputation among the countries.
Lu Buwei believed that as a powerful Prime Minister of Qin, he was inferior to the above-mentioned people, so he also recruited talents and treated the followers who came to follow him with great courtesy and treatment. He wanted to compete with the followers of the above-mentioned celebrities. Compete.
At that time, celebrities from various countries often felt proud that their guests could write books and commentaries, so Lu Buwei also ordered his guests to compile what they knew and heard, and a brilliant collective creation was born, which was later named in his name Published, this is "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals". This was a major event done by Lu Buwei during his administration.
Baidu Encyclopedia - Lu Buwei 2. Help me explain the ancient text. This is the ancient text where I found one word: Kui: The same is true for the divine beast
Kui: This animal is a kind of supernatural being. A mountain animal with one foot. The traditional radical of this character is? Dan?Written?Zheng?Si Xian,Ren,夤鏏?浞⒁羰coward Shantou?Fan?Zhixing戳?chu?Compassion∏?Children?Fu?Different minds and summer blessings? Divine mandrill refers to a mandrill that is particularly supernatural. "
The Kui (mandrill) mentioned by the ancients is recorded in the "Shan Hai Jing", that is, Xiaoyang Kingdom, also known as the "Gan Giant". We do not know exactly what kind of animal it is now. , but it is definitely not the mandrill we are talking about now. It should be a large ape-like animal, which is much larger than ordinary monkeys. The "Book of Mountains and Seas" calls it the "Gan Giant" as evidence, so later "Xia" has To the effect, "Erya·Exegesis": "Xia means Daye. "Dialect 1": "Xia means Daye."
From Guan to the west, between Qin and Jin, those who love the greatness of all things are called summer. "It's all derived from this.
3. The translation of "Kui has only one foot"
Duke Lu asked Confucius: "I heard that Kui has only one foot. Is this true?" Confucius replied: "Kui is a human being, how could he do this? One foot? There is nothing different about this person. He is just proficient in music. Shun said: "Kui is enough." Therefore, he was appointed as Yuezheng (official name). He said with high praise: "It's enough to have a person like Kui. "It's not just one foot."
But in fact, "Kui" is just one foot in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas". He was just a monster with enough feet, but in "Book Yao Dian", he became Shun's music officer. Although Confucius' explanation of Kui may not be true from a historical perspective, it can be seen that Confucianism interprets myths and history superbly. 4. Cao Shaokui catching monsters, classical Chinese translation
Source: (Tang Dynasty) Liu Kui's "Jiahua of the Sui and Tang Dynasties"
Original text: Cao Shaokui was Tai Leling and enjoyed the northern suburbs. The imperial censor was angry at Kui, and wanted to take pleasure in discord as a crime. He knocked on the bell and made Kui secretly name him. If there was no mistake, he was amazed.
There was a monk in Luoyang who kept singing to himself day and night. The monk thought it was strange and became sick from fear. I asked the magicians to ban it in every possible way, but in the end it was impossible. Shao Kui and the monk Shan Shan came to inquire about his illness at the right time. The monk all complained and struck the fasting bell, which stopped ringing again. Shao Kui said with a smile: "Tomorrow we can prepare a grand feast, so we should prepare it." Although the monk did not believe what Shao Kui said, he hoped it would be effective, so he prepared a feast for him. After Kui finished eating, he took out the file from his arms and ran out of the file in several places, and the sound disappeared. The monk asked the reason why, and Shao Kui said: "This chime and the bell are in harmony, and the strikes are in response to each other." The monk was overjoyed, and his illness was cured.
Translation: Cao Shaokui was appointed as Taiyue Ling and held sacrifices in the northern suburbs. The censor who supervised the sacrifice was dissatisfied with Cao Shaokui and wanted to use the disharmony of the music to blame him, so he rang bells and chimes randomly and asked Cao Shaokui to name the music. Cao Shaokui actually said them all without any mistakes, so On the contrary, the censor admired Cao Shaokui.
There was a monk in Luoyang who had a clock in his house that made a sound automatically every day. The monk thought there was a monster, and he became sick because of fear. Those who seek magic use various methods to suppress the ringing, but in the end they cannot stop it. Cao Shaokui was a good friend of the monk and came to see his condition. The old monk told him everything. At that time, the fasting bell in the front hall rang, and the bell also chimed to itself. Cao Shaokui smiled and said to the monk: "I will help you get rid of it when you arrange meals tomorrow." Although the monk did not believe him, he still hoped that his method would be effective, so he prepared a sumptuous meal to entertain him. After Cao Gong finished eating, he took out a file from his sleeve and filed several times on the bell. The sound of the bell stopped ringing. The monk asked about the reason, and Cao Shaokui said: "The vibration frequency of this clock is the same as that of the fasting bell in the front hall. If you strike the fasting bell, the clock will ring accordingly." The monk was very happy and his illness was cured.
Thank you ~ 5. Classical Chinese translation of "The Death of Pangu" in the Classic of Mountains and Seas
"The Death of Pangu"
Original text:
The Death of Pangu Also, the head is the four mountains, the eyes are the sun and the moon, the fat is the rivers and seas, and the hair is the vegetation. According to the common saying between Qin and Han Dynasties, Pangu's head is Dongyue, his belly is Zhongyue, his left arm is Nanyue, his right arm is Beiyue, and his feet are Xiyue. Ancient Confucians said that Pangu's tears were like rivers, his breath was like wind, his voice was like thunder, and his eyes were like lightning. According to the ancient saying, Pangu's happiness is sunny and anger is yin. Wu Chujian said that the Pangu family and his wife were the beginning of yin and yang.
Translation:
After Pangu died, his head turned into four mountains, his eyes turned into the sun and the moon, his rouge turned into rivers and seas, and his hair turned into vegetation. A common saying between the Qin and Han Dynasties: Pangu's head became Dongyue, his belly became Zhongyue, his left arm became Nanyue, his right arm became Beiyue, and his feet became Xiyue. Confucianism once said that Pangu's tears turned into rivers, his breath turned into wind, his voice turned into thunder, and his eyes turned into electricity. The ancients said that when Pangu was happy, the sky was sunny, and when he was angry, it was cloudy. Wu Chu people say that Pangu was husband and wife, the beginning of yin and yang. 6. I want the famous stories in the Classic of Mountains and Seas, classical Chinese and translations, with annotations
Title Jingwei reclamation
Pronunciation jīng wèi tián hǎi
Interpretation: Jingwei brought wood and rocks in his hands, determined to fill up the sea. The old metaphor refers to deep hatred and determination to take revenge. The latter is a metaphor for being determined and not afraid of difficulties.
Source "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·Beishan Jing": "The name of Emperor Yan's girl was Nvwa. The Nvwa swam in the East China Sea and drowned, so she became the Jingwei. East China Sea. ”
Jingwei reclaims the sea
It is a metaphor for futility, and it is a metaphor for deep ambition. It is a metaphor for ambition and unremitting efforts
Interpretation: Jingwei brings wood and rocks in his arms. Determined to fill up the sea. The old metaphor refers to deep hatred and determination to take revenge. The latter is a metaphor for being determined and not afraid of difficulties.
Source "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·Beishan Jing": "The name of the girl of Emperor Yan was Nvwa. The Nvwa swam in the East Sea and drowned and never returned, so she was called the Jingwei. She often carried wood and stones from the Western Mountains to hold her in her arms. East China Sea. ”
To manage and transform nature, we must have a tenacious spirit.
The Sun God Emperor Yan had a little daughter named Nvwa, who was his most beloved daughter. Emperor Yan was not only in charge of the sun, but also in charge of grains and medicinal materials. He has many things to do. He goes to the East China Sea early every morning to direct the sun to rise, and does not return home until the sun sets.
When Emperor Yan was not at home, the girl would play alone. She really wanted her father to take her out to see where the sun rises in the East China Sea. But her father was busy with official duties and never took her there. On this day, the girl drove a small boat to the place where the sun rose in the East China Sea. Unfortunately, there was a storm on the sea, and the mountain-like waves overturned the boat. The girl was swallowed by the ruthless sea and could never come back. Although Emperor Yan missed his daughter sadly, he could not use medicine to bring her back to life, so he could only lament and lament alone.
The girl died, and her spirit turned into a little bird with a flower head, a white beak and a red paw. It screamed "Jingwei, Jingwei", so people also called it this bird. The bird is the "Jingwei".
Jingwei hated the ruthless sea for taking away her young life, and she wanted revenge. Therefore, she kept picking up a pebble or a small branch from Fajiu Mountain where she lived, and spread her wings and flew high to the East China Sea. She flew back and forth on the rough sea, wailing sadly, and threw down stones and branches, trying to fill up the sea.
The sea was roaring and roaring, laughing at her: "Forget it, little bird, you will never fill up the sea even if you work at this job for a million years."
Jingwei replied to the sea from high in the sky: "Even if I work for ten million years, ten million years, until the end of the universe, the end of the world, I will eventually fill you up!"
" Why do you hate me so much?"
"Because you took away my young life, and you will take away many young and innocent lives in the future. I will continue to do it forever. One day. It will fill you up to the ground."
Jingwei flew and screamed, leaving the sea and flying back to Fajiu Mountain to pick up stones and branches. She picked it up and threw it, flying back and forth for months and years, never stopping. Later, Jingwei and Petrel got married and gave birth to many birds. The female was like Jingwei and the male was like Petrel. Little Jingwei, like their mother, also holds rocks in their hands to fill the sea. To this day, they are still doing this kind of work.
People sympathized with Jingwei and admired Jingwei. They called it "the wronged bird", "the oath bird", "the ambition bird" and "the emperor's bird". They also built a monument on the edge of the East China Sea. It is called "The Place where Jingwei Swears Water" 7. Translation of Yu Temple Classical Chinese text
Yu Temple Ode - Lu You
It is said that Yu controlled the water and obtained the Talisman of Xuannv ①. To the people from his hometown In the late spring, I worshiped Yu in the temple, wandered in the courtyard, and thought about Yu's achievements, and lamented the absurdity of the world, and wrote a poem: Ouch! In the past, the water was harmed, and the shaft was soaked in water. , Rolling grass and trees. The vast ocean spreads across the plains. The living are sent to the mountains and the dead are buried in the belly of the fish. The ghosts and gods also form millions of cries. Thousands of feet, the sun and the moon are colorless, and the mountains are shaken. The levees are strong, and the enemy is ready to attack. In the court, Yao consulted the court. He was embarrassed and worried about Gao Tao. How could Hou Kui be like Xiao Shao? ⑥, the most important thing is to save one's life. Mencius said: When Yu travels on water, he does nothing. If the water flows across the sky and stops, if you let it go on its own, you will risk your own harm and you will not be able to cure it. If you have a poor palace and a poor diet, if you marry Tushan and have your kidneys removed, you will not be able to care about his croaking son, so his hard work is over. But why does Mencius say that he has nothing to do? Ji controls the water, and Yu uses the water to control the water. If he fights with the water, it will overflow from the east to the west, and the dike will collapse from the south to the north. The reason why Gun kills people is because they use water to control water. They don't see themselves inside and don't see water outside. They only look at it to avoid the anger and guide it to flow into the river and make it a river. The Huai River merges into a pond, a deep swamp, and a swamp. It is built on the basis of nature, and it has no choice but to travel in the mountains. , it’s just water. Yu’s desire to defeat the three seedlings was achieved, but the seedlings also had the intention of being dissatisfied. When chatting and laughing between Qian Yu, the happiness, anger, and joy of the lady are born. She manages the water without worrying, and cuts down the seedlings without getting angry. This is why Yu cannot be seen. But those who are indifferent to themselves and detached from things are almost common people⑧
Notes
① Xuannv: the goddess in ancient legends, also known as the Nine Heavens Xuannv, who taught Yu how to control water.
②Huan: chaos, disorder
③Qi: refers to specific things or the system of things, and is a pair of philosophical categories with "Tao". ": "What is metaphysical is called Tao, and what is metaphysical is its tool. ”
④龁 (hé kernel): bite.
⑤Xihe, Gaotao, Boyi, and Houkui (kuīkui) were all assistant ministers during the Yao and Shun periods.
⑥Tianwei: The rope on which the sky is fixed. ⑦镰(xí笇): The newly cultivated fields
< p> ⑧ Nearly (大ài slack): Probably. Shu: Almost, almost.