Xia Dynasty Xia Dynasty, the first hereditary dynasty recorded in China history books. Generally speaking, Xia Dynasty is a country in the form of tribal alliance, while China's Marxist historiography defines Xia Dynasty as a slave country. "Home is the world" in the history of China began with the establishment of Xia Dynasty. Xia Dynasty was the first important dynasty in the history of China. According to historical records, the Tang Dynasty, Yu Dynasty, Xia Dynasty, Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty were all feudal times, and emperors and vassals ruled separately. There are a certain number of bronze and jade ritual vessels in the cultural relics of this period, so its culture and civilization level is higher than that of the late Neolithic culture. However, because there is no recognized written basis for the existence of Xia Dynasty in archaeology (the earliest written record in China comes from Shang Dynasty), its real existence has not been officially confirmed. However, many historians in China believe that Erlitou Site in Yanshi, Henan Province is a relic of Xia Dynasty. According to historical records, the Xia Dynasty lasted about 500 years from the beginning of 265,438+0 century BC to the beginning of 65,438+06 century BC. After five centuries, 17 emperors successively served as rulers.
As early as after Dayu's flood control, he became the successor of Shun according to the system of "abdication" because of his popularity. When he was in office, China was divided into nine countries, which is probably the origin of "Kyushu Land". Dayu also formulated various systems, which laid a certain foundation for the establishment of Xia Dynasty. After Dayu died, his son Qi inherited the power. Kay won the power struggle with Boyi and killed Boyi. Boyi was originally the successor chosen by Dayu according to the abdication system, and Qi ascended the throne, which broke the abdication system and became the beginning of the hereditary system of the throne in history. That is, "the public world" has become "the home world". During the reign of Qi, the Xia Dynasty was established and reached its peak. The ruling scope of the Xia Dynasty is centered on the western part of Henan Province today, with Hebei in the north and Hubei in the south. East to today's junction of Henan, Hebei and Shandong provinces, west to the south of Shanxi.
However, after the death of Qi, Taikang, who succeeded to the throne, fell out of power under the attack of Dongyi nationality. After three generations of struggle, it was not until Shao Kang succeeded to the throne that Xia Dynasty was able to consolidate its stability. This is the process from "Tai Kang lost his country" to "Shao Kang rejuvenating the country". In the future, all rulers are good at controlling Dongyi or building good relations with Dongyi. However, when Jie ruled, it took a lot of financial resources to crusade against border countries blindly. In addition, Jie is a fatuous, incompetent and pleasure-seeking tyrant, who harms the people and reuses his henchmen. When the Xia Dynasty was at home and abroad, Shang Tang made a crusade against it. Jie was defeated by Shang Tang and died after being exiled. Xia dynasty was replaced by Shang dynasty. The development of various systems, economy and culture in Xia Dynasty, especially the progress in agricultural production, copper casting technology and astronomical calendar, had a great influence on later generations.
Because there are no written words handed down directly in the Xia Dynasty, the understanding of the Xia Dynasty has long relied mainly on the records of ancient documents, including the kings, officials, troops and prisons of the Xia Dynasty. Since modern times, the excavation of large palaces, tombs and numerous bronzes in Erlitou Village, Yanshi County, Henan Province has revealed the politics, economy, society, culture and life of Xia State, a tribal alliance in the late period of slavery.
The capital of Xia Dynasty is located in Anyi, which is now Xia County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province.
Until the last king of Xia, Jie, he was a famous tyrant in history. Although valerian has wisdom and courage, he is cruel, bloodthirsty, addicted to alcohol and lewd, wasting people's money and harming the people. The Shang tribes in the east used cavalry to cut down the evil and destroy the summer.
Xia lived in Jieli for more than 500 years.