Yesterday, Shaoshan Administration announced to the public that after expert argumentation, Shaoshan recently discovered the tomb of Mao Luzhong, the last teacher of Mao Zedong when he was studying in Shaoshan, and it was confirmed by his descendants. At the same time, Shaoshan Administration has also made a decision: to commemorate the upcoming 22nd Teachers' Day, all national tourists who visit Dishui Cave in Shaoshan in September 10 can visit Dishui Cave Scenic Area and the tomb of Mao Luzhong, the last principal of Mao Zedong when he was studying in Shaoshan, for free. Located on the mountainside of Dishui Cave, Maolu Tomb is the uncle of Mao Zedong's five clothes and the last teacher of Mao Zedong when he was studying in Shaoshan. Born in the fifth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1866), he died in the summer of 192 1. He is a scholar and has become one of the few students in Shaoshanchong. After his death, he was buried halfway up Dishui Cave, not far from the grave of Mao Zedong's grandparents. Accompanied by the relevant person in charge of Shaoshan Administration, yesterday morning, the reporter went to the thatched cottage on the mountainside of Dishuidong Mountain. The mausoleum is located in the northwest to southeast direction, covering an area of about 65,438+00 square meters. Surrounded by granite and concrete, this book is engraved with the inscription "1Spring of 998? The 19 th school showed the tombs of Zecheng, Zehe, Zekui, Zepu and Mao Zhongxian, and the introduction stood at attention. " It can be seen that this is made by later generations in the cottage. Luo, general manager of Shaoshan Hotel, told reporters that Shaoshan Administration will repair the cemetery, build a new small cement road leading to the mausoleum and create a new scenic spot for tourists to watch. According to textual research, when studying in Xiangxiang and Shaoshan private schools in his early years, he was taught by Yu Wen, Zou Chunpei, Mao Yongxun, Zhou Mao, Mao Yuju, Mao Luzhong. Among them, the thatched cottage is the most influential one in Mao Zedong. The home in the thatched cottage is in Shaoshan Chongdong Maotang. Maoluzhong is a new private school combining Chinese and western culture, with more than 0 students 10. However, his nephew Mao Zedong is regarded as a useful talent with outstanding talent and memory, so he attaches great importance to him. He often says to people, "Run's understanding is superior and his memory is extraordinary." He carefully instructed Mao Zedong to read Historical Records, Hanshu and ancient poetry books, and also read Rizhilu and many new books on time. Mao Zedong has been boarding here for half a year. Mao Zedong has a deep memory of Mao Lu's thoughts, personality and knowledge. He once said that when reading the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and other books, "it suddenly occurred to me one day that there was nothing special about these novels, that is, there were no farmers who cultivated land. All the characters are military commanders, civil servants and literati, and no farmer has ever been the protagonist. " At this time, Mao Zedong has begun to realize the social injustice and the problem of farmers' land, which is a result of the education of "enlightening the people" in the thatched cottage. He persuaded Mao Fu to let Mao Zedong continue his studies. The thatched cottage played a key role in Mao Zedong's life transition. It was he who urged Mao Zedong's father to let Mao Zedong go out of Shaoshanchong, continue his studies at Dongshan New School in Xiangxiang County, and then study at Hunan No.1 Normal School, thus embarking on the revolutionary road. 19 10, Mao Zedong's father Mao Shunsheng decided to send Mao Zedong as an apprentice to a rice shop in Xiangtan, while Mao Zedong insisted on going to Dongshan New School in Xiangxiang County, and was driven out of the house by his angry father. At this time, Mao Zedong first thought of Mao Luzhong, who had always supported himself, and ran to Mao Luzhong's home in Dongmaotang for the night. Mao Luzhong took Mao Zedong in, and uncles chatted late into the night. The next day, Mao Luzhong sent Mao Zedong home. Because of Mao Shunsheng's stubbornness, Mao Luzhong invited his uncle Mao Zhongchu, Fang Xiongmao Yuju, uncle Wen Zhengxing, cousin Wen Yunchang, Wang and other relatives and friends to persuade Mao Shunsheng to give up his original idea. As the head of the family, Mao Shunsheng thinks it is easy to let his son drop out of school. Unexpectedly, Mao Luzhong and others agreed, urging Mao Shunsheng to say: Run is smart enough to study. If he is sent to a foreign school for higher education, he can enhance his ability to make money. There will be great luck in the future, and he can honor his ancestors. Mao Shunsheng had to follow everyone's advice. After leaving Mao Zedong, he went to Hunan and Changsha to study. Every winter and summer vacation, he goes back to Shaoshan to visit Mao Luzhong's home and ask for advice. After Mao Luzhong's death, Mao Zedong and his wife, Yang Kaihui, were sent back to Shaoshan by the Party organization to carry out the peasant movement. They also went to Mao Luzhong's home to pay their respects to their teacher. Related links Mao Luzhong instructed Mao Zedong to study poetry. Mao Luzhong loved famous poems and ci fu of past dynasties, especially Song Ci and Yuan Qu. Mao Lu is very fond of Du Fu's poem "Give Wei Ba", a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, and thinks that it reflects the ideological theme of ancient people cherishing friendship. The whole poem is written in spoken language, without carving, and it is catchy to read, which is very suitable for teenagers to learn to imitate. He appreciated this sad and touching story, this melodious poem and the solemn warning left to the world. He personally copied this long poem to Mao Zedong for students to recite and think about.
Due to the strict training of Mao Lu, Mao Zedong made rapid progress in the study of poetry. He not only knows hundreds of ancient poems by heart, but also can recite them even if they are very uncommon. From Yu Xin's "This tree is dancing, business is done". As pure as white deer, green Niu Wen and cliffs. What did Gui die for? How did the child die? ..... If the tree is like this, how can people deserve it? "I went to see the Sunset Tower by Xin Qiji and saw Wu Gou in The Sound of Broken Rainbow. He can improvise and recite casually. There is no difference. It is said that his interest in reading ancient poems and his extraordinary memory have been accompanied by the last vigorous years of his life. ? (Source: Star Online-Changsha Evening News)
Fang: Mao Zedong's tutor.
Editor's note:
In three days, we will celebrate the 88th anniversary of the founding of China Producers' Party, and this year coincides with the 60th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC). The land of Baling is full of heroes. In the revolutionary war years when Jin Goma fought bloody battles, many touching producers gave their lives, shed their blood, worked hard and made selfless contributions to realize lofty revolutionary ideals, and wrote immortal hymns one after another in this hot land of Yueyang. We specially selected a group of touching stories to remember the historical achievements of our ancestors.
Fang, 1879, was born in a well-off family in Nantangwuchang, Pingjiang County. From 65438 to 0898, he was admitted to Hunan Excellent Normal University with excellent results, accepted the advanced ideas of reformists such as Liang Qichao and Tan Sitong, and participated in the reform activities. 19 1 1 from summer vacation to 19 18 summer vacation, Yingzhong Road Normal School (changed from 19 12 to Hunan Public No.1 Normal School) was employed as a teacher of agriculture and natural history, and an academic supervisor. During this period, Mao Zedong was still studying in the First Normal School. 1936, Fang died in guerrilla warfare. When Mao Zedong heard the news, he was saddened by the loss of his mentor.
1911-1918, Fang was invited by Kong Shaomao, president of Hunan Zhonglu Normal University, a good friend studying in Japan, to serve as the dean of the school and teach courses such as agriculture and natural history. Politically, he opposed Yuan Shikai's restoration of monarchy and traitorous behavior, and actively compiled textbooks and taught in his work. I got in touch with Mao Zedong (1913 ~1918 in summer) and established a good teacher-student relationship.
In 19 19 when warlord Zhang ruled Hunan, the school building of the first division was occupied by the army. Fang and principal Kong Shao resigned angrily and actively participated in the "Zhang Movement" initiated and led. After Zhang was expelled, Tan became the governor of Hunan, and Fang was hired as the education director of the governor's office and the president of the Hunan Education Association, with a high reputation. During his tenure, he managed to arrange for patriotic young Li to teach in Changsha to strengthen the revolutionary forces. 1August, 920, others initiated the organization of the cultural library, and the party contributed 7,800 yuan as the activity fee of the cultural library. He is one of the 36 members of the head office. In the same year, he initiated and organized the Russian Research Association with Mao Zedong and He Shuheng.
From 65438 to 0922, he served as a senator of Fangsheng. He upholds justice and supports the workers' movement. 1924, Fang Fang, a faithful follower of party member's "Sun Wen Theory" of China Kuomintang, was accepted as party member, the producer party of China, under the influence of Fang Fang, realizing a fundamental turning point in his life.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/926, Fang participated in the Northern Expedition, became the representative of the Fifth Division of the Second Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and participated in the battle to March into Jiangxi and attack Nanchang. When Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12th" counter-revolutionary coup, he followed the northern expedition. On the cusp, in order to stabilize the morale of the army, he joined forces with soldiers to launch an "anti-Chiang" campaign in the Second Army and brought the troops to Wuhan.
1927, Fang accepted the request of the party organization and, as the representative of the 20th division of the National Revolutionary Army, participated in the Nanchang Uprising led by the China * * * Production Party. He suggested to He Long that some unreliable company commanders of the 20th Army should be replaced by party member, which was made in China, and He Long adopted this opinion. After the Nanchang Uprising, Fang moved to Chaoshan area in Guangdong with the rebel army and participated in the "Guangzhou Uprising" in June of that year. 1928 Party attended the Sixth National Congress of China. After the meeting, he was sent by the party organization to study at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow.
193 1 year, Fang returned from the Soviet Union, and served as the director of the political department of the Red Army School in western Fujian, the director of general affairs of the Chinese Soviet Union and the interim government of People's Republic of China (PRC), and worked around him.
1934 10, the main force of the red army withdrew from the Soviet area and began the long March. Kuomintang reactionaries attacked the Soviet area on a large scale. Under Jinggangshan, on both sides of Ganshui River, rivers of blood flow. The base area was divided into dozens of small pieces. At that time, Fang Fang, the head of the Propaganda Department of the Gannan Special Committee, broke off relations with the superior party and had to follow the Red Fourth Regiment to fight in southern Hunan to carry out guerrilla warfare. He fought many battles with Kuomintang troops in Guidong, Zixing and Suichuan.
1In late April, 935, Cai Huiwen and You Shixiong led a part of the Red Army of Workers and Peasants who broke through the central base area to enter the Dongshan District of Guidong, where they joined forces led by Fang and merged to form the "Red Army Guerrilla in the Hunan-Guangdong-Jiangxi Border Region".
In the face of an enemy dozens of times my size, 1936, in order to preserve the revolutionary forces, the guerrillas in the Hunan-Guangdong-Jiangxi border region decided to break up the whole into parts and move in vain. Fang, who had a high fever, coma and hematemesis, insisted on staying, but Cai Huiwen had no choice but to arrange two guards to take care of Fang, and then embarked on a transfer trip.
In April, Mr. Fang and his guards Xiao Zhang and Xiao Yang were besieged by the enemy in Pulexiazhuang, Guidong. The enemy stepped up its "clean-up", and Fang and others found it difficult to provide food in the besieged Xianbei Mountain, relying on bark to satisfy their hunger. I was bitten by mosquitoes again, covered in scars. The weak and sickly prescription is seriously ill. The two guards had to dress up as children chopping wood, taking risks and taking turns to go down the mountain to get medicine. They contacted Huang Youbin, a local guerrilla they had known before, and finally got the medicine. After Huang Youbin was discovered by Guo Yingfen, the reactionary head of Dongping Township, Huang Youbin betrayed Fang under coercion and inducement. On April 2 1 day, bribed Huang Youbin, Huang Gangu and Guo Xiangu came to Xianbei Mountain according to Guo Yingfen's plan, and entered Fang's residence in the name of transporting grain, saying that the place where they lived was unsafe, and proposed to move to the deep mountains, and excused the guards on the grounds of hitting the factory shed. That night, Huang Youbin killed the guard. The next day, Fang and his wife, who were cooking breakfast, were shot and killed on the grounds of gun inspection.
The bad news of Fang's assassination spread to northern Shaanxi half a year later. After hearing the news, Mao Zedong said bitterly to Xu Teli, who had served as Minister of Education in the Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Union: Mr. Fang is my mentor and friend. ...
After Fang's sacrifice, his student Fang Jinan built a cenotaph in Pingjiang, his hometown, on 1948, and carved a monument to commemorate it. Huang Youbin, one of his killers, was executed by the Guidong People's Government. After the founding of New China, the county party committee and people's government named a main street in the center of the county as Xia Wei Road. In 1980s, Pingjiang county party committee and county government named the school in Fangjia township as middle school and made a statue of it. ? (ling? Hui)
The picture shows the square.