(1) Selected editions Generally, those who read "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" tend to read the annotated edition, and rarely start from the white text of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". In fact, this is a key issue in the study of febrile diseases and should not be ignored. Because the white text is the basic appearance of Zhongjing's "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", each annotation of the original appearance of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" has been more or less changed. Of course, the so-called white version only refers to the school journal version of Lin Yi and others in the Northern Song Dynasty. Apart from Lin's version, we are unlikely to see Bai Wenning who is closer to Zhongjing's original theory. The Northern Song Dynasty edition is also a rare treasure. We have not found out whether this edition exists in China. The second is the Song version reprinted by Zhao Kaimei in the Ming Dynasty. According to the Supplement to the Ancient Records of Classical Records: "This version is collected in Zhongjing Quanshu, and is called the Song version. This book". It is a pity that this engraving has little circulation and is not easy to purchase. Anyway, the following books are rare white versions of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". The first is the publication of Wuchang Medical Clinic in the first year of the Republic of China, the second is the photocopy of the Commercial Press entrusted by Yun Tieqiao in the 12th year of the Republic of China, and the third is the photocopy of the Shanghai Zhonghua Book Company in the 20th year of the Republic of China. These three books are all collated or photocopied from Zhao's reprinted editions, and may be available in antique bookstores. The "New Song Version of Treatise on Febrile Diseases" published by Chongqing People's Publishing House in 1955 was also typed according to Zhao's edition. In 1959, an index was added and published. It is still a better white text, but the original pulse identification method and plain text are abridged. Pulse method, Typhoid fever cases, Differentiation of spasm and dampness pulse syndrome, Differentiation of pulse syndrome that cannot cause sweating and treatment, Differentiation of pulse syndrome that can cause sweating and treatment, Differentiation of pulse syndrome after sweating, Differentiation of pulse syndrome after sweating, Differentiation of unable to vomit, Differentiation of possible vomiting, Differentiation Twelve articles including "Combined Treatment of Invalid Pulse Syndrome, Differentiation and Treatment of Possible Pulse Pulse Syndrome", Differentiation and Treatment of Diaphoretic and Vomiting Pulse Syndrome, etc., as well as the legal provisions listed at the beginning of each chapter of three yin and three yang, can be called Abridged version of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". (2) From the Song Dynasty to the present, there are no less than 400 annotators of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". It is neither possible nor necessary to read all these annotations. However, a better annotation can not only help the understanding of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", but also be enough to inspire our thinking. Therefore, after reading the white text, it is very necessary to choose several better annotations to read. A few are listed below for reference. 1. "Annotation on Treatise on Febrile Diseases" written by Liao Sheng of Song Dynasty was written in ten volumes by Wuji. This is the first book of general annotation on "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". Wang Hu said: "Cheng Wuji's annotation of Treatise on Febrile Diseases is just like San Taipu's annotation of Nei Jing. The only difficulty is Chuang Er." Indeed, there is no blueprint to rely on, and it is not easy to annotate such a classic work. The only characteristic of Cheng's annotation is that it is basically based on the "Nei Jing". Zhongjing once said in his preface: "Nine volumes of Suwen." Most people also say that Zhongjing's "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" was developed on the basis of the "Nei Jing". Reading Cheng's Notes can further illustrate this point. For example, "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" says: "Anyone who uses Gardenia Decoction to treat a patient who has a slight lethargy should not take it." The explanation of Chengzhi is based on the disease biography of the specimens in "Su Wen": "The patient has a slight looseness in the past, and the inside is weak and cold. Although it is bothersome, it is not due to heat, so it cannot be used with Gardenia decoction." "Nei Jing" says: "For those who have diarrhea first and then develop other diseases, to treat the root cause, they must regulate it and then treat other diseases." This is indeed a question of the order of symptoms in treating the disease. The syndrome of old micro-fluid deficiency is the primary disease, and the syndrome of Gardenia and Soybean Soup is the standard disease and new disease. If the internal organs are deficient, one can only warm the internal organs first. This is not only the spirit of seeking the root cause of disease in the "Nei Jing", but also Zhong Jing's richest experience. Another example is "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" which says: "If the pulse is loose and tight, it is a pain in the body, which should be relieved by sweating. If the pulse is late, you cannot sweat. How can you know this? It is because there is insufficient blood and insufficient blood." Cheng's Note says: "The Acupuncture Classic says that those who take blood have no sweat, and those with slow pulse have insufficient blood, so they cannot sweat." All this shows that Zhongjing is very proficient in applying the theory of "Nei Jing" to clinical practice. Although in the text of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", it is difficult to see Zhongjing quoting idioms from the "Nei Jing". Once Cheng's annotation is made, it will be known that Zhongjing's legislation is often based on the "Nei Jing". This shows that what Zhongjing said about compiling "Suwen" and "Nine Volumes" has a complete origin. Therefore, it can be said that if we read Chengshi's annotations well, it will be enough to inspire us to better apply the theories of "Nei Jing" in clinical practice. In his later years, Cheng also wrote four volumes of "The Theory of Shang Han Ming", which repeatedly analyzed the nature of fifty symptoms such as fever and aversion to cold. It is also sufficient to enlighten our thinking methods of clinical syndrome differentiation and is worth reading. 2. "Shang Lun Pian" was written in four volumes by Yu Jiayan of Xichang in the Qing Dynasty. Its original name is "Shang Lun, Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases Re-edited 397 Methods". Yu's book is based on "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" written by Fang Youzhi of the Ming Dynasty. There are three main points in its argument: firstly, he refutes Wang Shuhe's narrative examples and thinks that most of them are unscriptural; secondly, he takes Zhongjing's 390 The seventeen methods are formulated separately according to their outline and details; again, it is pointed out that "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" takes Dongyue Febrile Disease as its outline. In the Six Classics, the Taiyang Meridian is used as the outline, and in the Taiyang Jing, wind-shangwei, cold-shangjingrong, and wind-cold two-shangjingrongwei are used as the outline. Therefore, he re-adjusted the original text of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" as follows: All syndromes of wind injury and defense syndrome are listed in the first chapter of Taiyang, cold syndromes of Rongwei syndrome are listed in the middle chapter of Taiyang, and wind and cold injury syndromes of Rongwei syndrome are listed in the second chapter of Taiyang. The Yangming syndrome of Taiyang is listed in the first chapter of Yangming, the Zhengyang Yangming syndrome is listed in the middle chapter of Yangming, and the Shaoyang Yangming syndrome is listed in the second chapter of Yangming. Syndrome, comorbidity, and bad diseases are all listed in the Yang chapter. Those whose abdomen is full or painful and should be warm at the moment are listed in the Taiyin chapter. All the syndromes suitable for warming are listed in the first part of Shaoyin Meridian, and all the correct treatment methods for menstrual heat evils taught by Shaoyin Meridian are listed in the second part of Shaoyin Meridian. All methods for the advancement and retreat of liver and kidney heat syndrome are listed in the Jueyin chapter, and are appended to the list of diseases such as incomprehensible menstruation, fatigue after menstruation, and yin and yang changes.
In short, Yu is the central figure who adheres to the wrong simplified method to treat "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", followed by others such as Zhang Lu, Huang Yuanyu, Wu Yiluo, Zhou Yuzai, Cheng Jiaoqian, and Zhang Xugu. After reading "Shang Lun Pian", the theories of various schools can be consistent. 3． "Collected Notes on Febrile Diseases" written by Zhang Zhicong in Qiantang, Qing Dynasty, has six volumes. It was the final version in his later years. He died before the manuscript was completed. It was later completed by Gao Shizong for him. Zhang Zhicong thought that Wang Shuhe claimed to have a fever, but the symptoms and regulations were not the same, and the outline was inconsistent with the thesis, so he deleted Shuhe Shulu. He also used Cheng Wuji to explain the theory of wind-injured Wei and cold-injured Rong, and classified the two major syndromes of cinnamon twig and ephedra, and wind-cold, based on slow pulse, tight pulse, aversion to wind, aversion to cold, sweating, and no sweating, etc. Da Qinglong, who was injured in both his senses and in his honor and defense, proved that the three theories of the tripod were just a few centimeters off at first and lost thousands of miles in the end. It was enough to deceive Zhongjing's learning and was not enough to teach him. In particular, he believed that the Six Classics were organized in a coherent and coherent manner and did not allow for arbitrary interpretation. This point is completely opposite to the Yu Jiayan school who hold wrongly simplified views. They divided the 398 articles of the Six Classics into 100 chapters according to their original order, starting from and ending with their own essences. "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" should be regarded as a fragmentary chapter, and it is suddenly divided into sections. The main purpose should be to clarify its general outline and its main purpose, and then divide it into chapters to make it clear and comprehensive. As for the main idea of ??treating "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", it aims to clarify the changes in the "meridian qi" of the human body. He believed that the three yin and three yang, the six meridians and the six qi exist between heaven and earth, and also exist in the human body. If there is no disease, the six qi will circulate and merge with the sky. If there is wind and cold from the outside, the evil will damage the righteousness. At first, the qi will be in contact with the qi, and then it will enter the meridians from the qi. If you understand the principle of "meridian qi" and read "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", you will be able to know the entry and exit of healthy qi based on syndrome, and know the circulation of meridians based on treatment. His idea was further promoted by Zhang Xiju and Chen Xiuyuan, so he became a backbone of the school that defended the old theory of febrile diseases and had a great influence on later scholars. 4． "Shanghan Laisu Collection" written by Ke Yunbo of Cixi in the Qing Dynasty has eight volumes, including four volumes of "Annotations on Febrile Diseases", two volumes of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", and two volumes of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases with Wings". He believes that after Wang Shuhe edited "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", Zhong Jing's original chapter cannot be seen again. Although the chapters may be confused, they are not far from Zhong Jing's appearance. However, Fang Youzhi, Yu Jiayan and others changed their plans, but Yu Zhongjing became farther and farther away. However, "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" contains statements such as Taiyang Syndrome, Guizhi Syndrome, and Bupleuri Syndrome, so it must be based on syndrome differentiation. To better apply the theory of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" to clinical practice, the most practical way is to The method of identification. Therefore, he advocated that it is not necessary to diligently transmit the compilation of Zhongjing's old treatises, but it is more important to transmit Zhongjing's dialectical thinking. For example, in the Taiyang Chapter, he lists Guizhi Decoction, Ephedra Decoction, Pueraria lobata Decoction, Daqinglong Decoction, Wuling Powder, Shizao Decoction, Xiangxiong Decoction, Xiexin Decoction, Damang Decoction, Fire Ni, and Shishu Decoction. Syndrome types, Guizhi Decoction lists sixteen related syndromes based on pulse, eighteen bad syndromes of Guizhi, one suspected syndrome of Guizhi, and eighteen prescriptions related to Guizhi syndrome, such as Guizhi Erepheda I, Guizhi Add aconite and other decoctions and they are all listed here. Mahuang Tang Syndrome lists fourteen items related to Mahuang Tang pulse syndrome, one pulse syndrome related to Mahuang Tang and Chaihu Tang, eight syndromes related to post-sweating deficiency, four syndromes related to Mahuang Tang syndrome, and five syndromes related to Mahuang Tang syndrome, such as Mahuang Tang, Mahuang Tang. Xingganshi decoction, etc. are listed here. All other certificates are also listed in this category. This is Ko's method of focusing on evidence, gathering all the treatises from the Six Classics, and following each other by analogy. In this way, he summarizes the discussion in chapters, outlines it in detail, and clusters the causes of syndromes, and then attaches them, which is more suitable for clinical syndromes. At the same time, in "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", he systematically analyzed the entire Dafa, the explanations of diseases of the Six Meridians, the justice of the Six Meridians, and the problems of comorbidities, wind-cold, warm-heat, spasm and dampness, etc., which is enough to inspire academic thinking. Quite a few. Tong Binglin said that Ke Yunbo could understand the general outline of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", which was referring to these discussions. Later, Xu Dachun wrote "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", which also used prescriptions to classify syndromes. However, the difference between him and Ke Yunbo is that Yunbo divides the classics into categories and uses the names of prescriptions, while Xu Dachun divides the classics based on prescriptions and does not divide classics. These two methods have practical significance in clinical diagnosis. 5. "Shanghan Guanzhu Collection" of the Qing Dynasty. Changzhou Youzai wrote eight volumes in Jing. Each chapter of the book is divided into main treatment method, contingency method, mediation method, reversal method, disease classification method, clear differentiation method, miscellaneous treatment method, etc., which are the backbone of its organization. For example, the chapter on the sun is divided into five chapters: the sun's positive treatment method, the sun's contingency method, the sun's mediation method, the sun's rescue method, and the sun's disease-like method. The other Yangming, Shaoyang, and Sanyin chapters all also differentiate and divide legislation in this way. For example, when treating typhoid fever, check whether the pulse is slow or tight, and distinguish whether the syndrome is sweating or not, and then use cinnamon twig ephedra and other methods to relieve the problem. This is the correct treatment method. Considering that the human body has differences in deficiency and excess, and the internal organs have differences in yin and yang, although they are all in the same stage of typhoid fever, the Ma Gui method cannot be used directly, and Xiaojianzhong, Zhigancao, Xiaoqinglong and other decoctions must be taken into consideration. This is a contingency method. During the treatment, there are often disadvantages of excessive and inadequate treatment, such as unclear sweating, excessive sweating and loss of yang, so there are methods such as increasing sweating and warming the meridian, which are mediation methods. Unfortunately, it is mistreated, or it may cause diarrhea when sweating, or it may cause sweating again, resulting in symptoms such as knotting of the chest, associated heat and lowering, etc. Therefore, there are methods such as large and small chest depressions, various Xiexin decoctions, etc., which are methods for relieving the disease. . There is no one type of evil caused by the sun, such as rheumatism, febrile disease, wind-warm disease, Zhongxuan, etc. The form is similar to typhoid fever, and the treatment cannot be the same. There are ephedra, atractylodes, melon root, ginseng, white tiger and other prescriptions for treatment. Disease-like method. It shows that Youshi realized Zhongjing's various legislations from the articles on typhoid fever through clinical practice, which makes it easy for people to master and is really beneficial to future students. (3) Reading method "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" is the most systematic and well-organized book that closely integrates theory with practice and integrates syndrome differentiation and treatment methods into theory, methods and prescriptions. Therefore, it is a must-read book for studying Chinese medicine. What I mean by reading here is to read it thoroughly.
At a minimum, you must be able to recite the articles of the Six Classics. When reading, it is best to use the plain text rather than the annotated version. For example, when talking about the Guizhi Decoction Syndrome, you can list all the articles related to the Guizhi Decoction Syndrome. When talking about the Ephedra Decoction Syndrome, you can list all the articles related to the Ephedra Decoction Syndrome. This is basically called familiarity. . After you have read it thoroughly, you can study the annotation carefully. The several annotations listed above are the minimum. If you gain insights from reading the Cheng Annotation, it can help us connect many theories in the "Nei Jing" with "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" and learn how Zhang Zhongjing applies the theories of the "Nei Jing" in clinical practice. After studying the Cheng Annotation, then study the Zhang Annotation. When reading Zhang's notes, don't neglect his conventions and original meaning, because from here you can understand his central idea. It is best to write a brief outline according to the hundred chapters he divided it into, which will help us comprehensively analyze "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". After reading the Zhang Annotation, read the Yu Annotation. The Yu Annotation is based on the Three Hundred and Ninety-seven Methods and the Theory of the Separation of the Three Cardinal Guidelines. Regardless of whether we agree with his classification method or not, the three yin and three yang, wind, cold, ying, and wei are the basic issues in studying "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", and we can learn from his experience to better deal with these issues. After reading the Yu Commentary, read Ke's Commentary. When reading Ke's Commentary, you should first read his Commentary, because this part is the basic issue in studying "Treatise on Febrile Diseases", especially "Complete Commentary on Dafa", "Six Classics of Justice", "Six Classics of Justice", The three chapters "Distinguishing Confusion from Wind and Cold" are the most crucial. After understanding the general outline from here, then reading his "Notes" will not only make it easier to go deeper, but will also be very beneficial for us to identify the relationship between the prescriptions and syndromes of typhoid fever. After reading Ke's Notes, read You's Notes. You's Notes are mainly about studying the legislation of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases". Understanding the reasons why it explains the establishment of treatment methods for typhoid fever is enough to enlighten us on the opportunities for legislation and treatment. The reason why I introduce these commentators is not to say that they can summarize the more than 400 commentators, but to trace the origin of Zhongjing's academic thought from Chengzhu, to understand the theory of Febrile Diseases from Zhangzhu, and to understand the theory of Febrile Diseases from Zhangzhu. The Yu annotation is used to distinguish the secrets of the transmission of yin and yang diseases, the Ke annotation is used to observe the subtleties of syndrome differentiation, and the You annotation is used to determine the reasons for the legislation of treatment. Having put a certain amount of effort into these aspects, we can almost fully understand the principles of syndrome differentiation and treatment in Treatise on Febrile Diseases, which will also be helpful in guiding clinical practice. Of course, there are many different views among various commentators, and there are even mutually exclusive and mutual criticisms. It is not necessary to pursue these issues too much, but to take the strengths of each school and discard the shortcomings of each school. The only criterion for choosing the good and discarding the bad is to pass clinical practice. For example, "People with epistaxis should not sweat. If sweating occurs, the pulse on the forehead will be tight and tight, and you will not be able to relax or sleep when you look directly at it." It is dry and astringent, so the veins on the forehead are tight. All the pulses belong to the eyes. If the muscles and veins are urgent, they will pull the eyes, so the eyes cannot be closed when looking directly. "But most commentators interpret it as "on the forehead." The pulse is urgent." Not only is this something that has never been seen before, but it is also difficult to understand. The meridians hidden deep inside are called sinking meridians. This theory is inherent in the Nei Jing. The prescription of Gardenia and Wild Soybean Decoction in Chengzhi says: "The sourness and bitterness are released as yin, the bitterness is released as vomiting, and the cold is used to overcome heat. Gardenia and Soybean Soybean Decoction is suitable for vomiting." Although Cheng's theory here is based on the Nei Jing, and there are many scholars who agree with Cheng's theory, vomiting has never occurred when Gardenia jasmine and black soybean soup was used when clinical symptoms were diagnosed. The former theory of Chengshi, there are not many harmonious ones, but the reason is clear, so we adopt it. The latter theory of Chengshi, although it notes that there are many harmonious families, does not prove the fact, so we discard it and never follow it. So good.