Thirteen Classics refers to thirteen Confucian classics formed in the Southern Song Dynasty. They are The Book of Songs, Shangshu, Zhou Li, Yi Li, The Book of Rites, The Book of Changes, Zuo Zhuan, The Biography of Gongyang, Liang Bochuan, The Analects of Confucius, Er Ya, Xiao Jing and Mencius.
Its formation process is as follows: Poetry, calligraphy, Yi, Li and Spring and Autumn are the five classics in Han Dynasty; In the Tang Dynasty, Zhou Li, Yi Li, Ram and Gu Liang were listed as nine classics. "Kaicheng Stone Carving Studies" added "Xiao Jing", "Analects of Confucius" and "Er Ya" as twelve classics; Mencius written by Song Fuzeng is called Thirteen Classics.