There are about 65,438+0,500 poems by Du Fu, and the collection of works is Du Gongbu. His influence on China's classical poetry is far-reaching, and he is called "the sage of poetry" by later generations, and his poems are also called "the history of poetry".
Why is Du Fu called "Poet Saint"
Du Fu, a social poet, takes the rise and fall of politics, social unrest, war corvee, hunger and poverty, and the disparity between the rich and the poor as his themes, which are extensive in content, rich in times and realistic. Du Fu's poems are good at describing the historical situation at that time and reflecting the present situation of the Tang Dynasty from prosperity to decline, so they are called "the history of poetry". From the Anshi Rebellion to entering Shu, Du Fu experienced great turmoil and wrote a lot of realistic works. In his representative works, many realistic works, such as Two Ways, reflect the luxury of the upper class.
Because Du Fu's poems are full of caring for people and things and strong patriotic feelings, he makes good use of reason to carefully observe the reality of life and society, understands people's sufferings and joys from his own life experience, has a strong political consciousness, and inherits and carries forward the realistic spirit of The Book of Songs, Han Yuefu folk songs and Jian 'an literature, so he is known as a "poet saint".
What are the representative works of the poet?
There are more than 1400 poems written by Du Fu, the sage of poetry. Poetry writing can be divided into four periods:
Reading roaming period (before the age of 35):
Du Fu traveled to Wu, Yue (now Jiangsu and Zhejiang), Qi and Zhao (now northern Shandong and southern Hebei), during which he went to Luoyang to take office. Later, I met Li Bai in Luoyang. They forged a deep friendship and gave Li Bai a poem. "Yu Yidong is a guest, he is like a brother." It is a kind of enjoyment to sleep under the autumn quilt and hold hands with Japanese counterparts. After meeting Gao Shi, the three went with Liang and Song (now Kaifeng and Shangqiu). Later, Du Li went to Jizhou again and met at the east foot after breaking up. Unfortunately, due to the ups and downs of their later lives, they didn't have a chance to meet again after this separation.
Trapped in Chang 'an (35-44 years old):
Du Fu came first and last in Chang 'an. Later, he gave gifts to the emperor and nobles. He only got a little financial support, and lived a life of "detaining the rich in the morning, following the fat horse dust at dusk, leaving broken cups for cold roasting and hiding worries everywhere". "However, he often sends meals to people", and finally he got a small official who led the government to join the army. During this period, he wrote poems such as "Car Shop" and "Two Ways", criticizing current politics and satirizing dignitaries. The book "Singing 500 Words from Beijing to Fengxian" is particularly famous, which indicates that his understanding of the political and social reality of the imperial court has reached a new height after ten years of hard life in Chang 'an.
During the period when the thief was arrested as an official (45 to 48 years old):
When the Anshi Rebellion broke out and Tongguan fell, Du Fu abandoned his family and went to Suzong alone. He was captured by the Anshi Rebellion and taken to Chang 'an. In the face of chaos in Chang 'an, he heard the news that the loyalist troops were repeatedly defeated, and wrote poems such as Moonlit Night, Spring Hope, Ai Jiangtou and Sad Chen Tao. Later, he fled to Fengxiang and became a scavenger. Because of the suggestion, Shangshu was demoted to be the prime minister of joining the army. Later, he recorded his experiences in the form of poems and became his immortal works, namely "Three Officials" and "Three Farewells".
Wandering southwest (48-59 years old):
With the collapse of Xiangzhou loyalist and the famine of Guanfu, Du Fu abandoned his official and fled to Chengdu with his family via Qin Zhou and Tonggu. With the help of Yanwu, he lived a relatively stable life. When he entered the DPRK, Shao Yin and the warlords in the middle of Shu learned about the uprising, and he went to Zizhou and Langzhou. Then go back to Chengdu. After Yanwu's death, he drifted again, lived in Kuizhou for two years, drifted to the same lake and died on the Xiangjiang River. During this period, his works include Heart on the Water Threshold, Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night, Autumn Wind Breaking the Cottage, Sick Orange, Climbing the Building, Shuxiang, The Yellow River was Recovered by the Imperial Army, Showing the Waves Again, Ascending the Mountain, Qiu Xing, Three Jueju and Sui Yan.