Four classics of traditional Chinese medicine: medical three-character classics, Hu Ling pulse, medicinal songs and tangtou songs.
Chinese medicine has four major classics and four minor classics. Among them, "Four Classics" generally refer to Huangdi Neijing, Difficult Classics, Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Shennong Materia Medica, which are four landmark works of great significance to TCM theory and clinic. Beginners of traditional Chinese medicine can naturally read and recite, but these four books have been written for a long time, which is often difficult for some fans who have no foundation in traditional Chinese medicine to learn.
"Four Small Classics" refers to four works: Three-character Classics of Medicine, Fu of Medicinal Nature, Tang Tou Ge Ji and Hu Ling Pulse Classics. Some people say that "Song of Medicinal Nature" contains 400 flavors instead of "Fu of Medicinal Nature", but in any case, "Four Classic" is famous as an enlightening reading for people to learn Chinese medicine for the first time.
In ancient China, medical education was mostly apprenticeship. Many famous doctors in history are apprentices. Under the guidance of the master, apprentices start from the simplest work until they start their careers. The "mentoring system" of traditional Chinese medicine has obvious advantages and is naturally more widely known.
Before the rise of modern Chinese medicine education, many Chinese medicine practitioners were enlightened by reciting the "Four Little Classics". The older generation called reciting the "Four Little Classics" a "child's play", which, as the name implies, is something they must master from the beginning of learning Chinese medicine knowledge. The "Four Xiaojings" can not only play an important role in the Enlightenment of ancient Chinese medicine in China, but also play its role in the research of modern Chinese medicine.
The "Four Xiaojings" are the enlightening reading materials of Chinese medicine. The important feature of China's ancient enlightenment books is that most of them rhyme fluently and are easy to remember, and most of them appear in the form of songs or poems, and the "Four Classic" is no exception.
A, "medical three-character classics"
San Zi Jing is a medical enlightenment work written by Chen Xiuyuan, a physician in Qing Dynasty. The book is divided into four volumes with 2345 words. The Three Classics of Medicine, edited by Chen Xiuyuan, imitates the format and concept of the Three Classics of Medicine, and is an enlightening book for children edited by Wang Yinglin in Song Dynasty. In his introduction to the book, he said: "A boy got three classics first, and he wanted to recite them and knew how to do it. At the beginning of studying medicine, I didn't decide what books to give first. For example, when I misread the half-character compass, I entered the realm of ghosts and gods, so I had an engraving of the three-character classic. "
This book begins with the origin of medicine, stating that "medicine begins with Huang Zhi essence", and then goes to some basic medical knowledge and clinical practice. It is concise and concise, and gives readers a general understanding of Chinese medicine. At the same time, Chen Xiuyuan's thought of respecting Neijing and Fa Zhong Jing is well reflected in this book. In this enlightening reading, the author also emphasizes the importance of learning some basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine. At the same time, the book also introduces the common miscellaneous diseases and diseases in internal medicine and gynecology, and systematically analyzes the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, syndrome differentiation and treatment, as well as various types of treatment methods and drugs, which is also of guiding significance to clinic.
The second is "Fu of Medicinal Nature" and "Four Hundred Flavors of Medicinal Songs"
Medicinal Fuzi is the abbreviation of auxiliary medicinal Fuzi of Pearl Capsule. The original book Yao Fu was not written by the author. There is still much controversy about who its original author is. Some people say that the author lived in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties and there were no other authors. This is a good book for the enlightenment of Chinese medicine. In the form of prose, this book integrates the sexual and taste functions of traditional Chinese medicine. According to their properties, 248 commonly used Chinese medicines are divided into four categories: cold, hot, warm and flat, including 66 cold medicines, 60 hot medicines, 54 warm medicines and 60 flat medicines. The full text is written in rhyme, which is easy to remember and easy to understand.
The book "Song of Four Hundred Flavors of Medicine" was written by the Ming Dynasty physician Gongzi. This book introduces the nature, taste, efficacy and indications of 400 commonly used Chinese medicines in the form of four-character poems. Although it is called "Four Hundred Flavors", there are actually 393 herbs, because some traditional Chinese medicines are repetitive (such as Mume and Taxilli), and each herb introduces its nature, taste, efficacy, indications, processing methods and compatibility taboos. In addition, the author Gong Tingxian has a 240-grass Song Kuo in another book. If you are interested, you can also consider taking a look.
Third, "Tang Tou Ge Ji"
Tang Tou Ge Ji was written by Wang An in Qing Dynasty and published in A.D. 1694. Although some people object that the Collection of Songs of Tang Tou was compiled by a group, even so, Wang An undoubtedly participated in the compilation. This book selects 320 prescriptions commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine and compiles 202 prescriptions, which are divided into tonic, publishing agent, attacking agent, emetic, blending agent, exterior-interior agent and nourishing agent.
In the book, the medication and functional indications of the prescription are sorted out and summarized in the form of seven-character poems. Although the level tone is not as strict as the real seven-character poem, it is as easy to read as possible. However, due to the time and geography problems of the author Wang Ang, modern people find it inconvenient to recite and remember. At this time, we can consider some folk songs written by modern people.
Fourth, "lake vein"
Pulse on the Lake was written by Li Shizhen, a doctor in the Ming Dynasty. It occupies an important position in the development history of China's pulse science and has a great influence on later generations. It is a must-read book when we study pulse. Pulse science has always been attached great importance by Chinese medicine, and it is also the most worrying thing for beginners. Wang Shuhe in the Jin Dynasty once said that "it is difficult to understand when the heart is there", and the reason is that it is impossible to distinguish some similar pulse conditions because there is no in-depth understanding of pulse science. On the basis of the twenty-four pulses in the Pulse Classic, he described three kinds of pulse conditions, which increased the number of pulse conditions in traditional Chinese medicine to twenty-seven, namely, floating, sinking, late, counting, slippery, astringent and astringent. The pulse condition and main symptoms are discussed in detail, and the difference of similar pulse conditions is expounded. When Li Shizhen described the pulse condition in Xing Shi, he discussed the morphological characteristics of the pulse condition in a visual way, which was vivid and easy for readers to understand. At the same time, he also corrected some mistakes made by predecessors in the book, which greatly promoted the development of pulse science in China.
When studying traditional Chinese medicine, enlightenment books are very important. Good enlightening books can prevent us from going astray in the study of Chinese medicine and lay a solid foundation for the future clinical practice of Chinese medicine. Our ancestors left us such excellent enlightenment books as "Four Books and Five Classics", so we should make good use of them.
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