The Zhou Dynasty is divided into two periods: the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046-77 1) and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (770-256). ?
The Western Zhou Dynasty was established by Ji Fa, Zhou Wuwang, with Haojiang (Zhou Zong) as its capital (now southwest of Xi, Shaanxi); Zhou Chengwang five years, the construction of the capital city of Luoyi (Chengzhou) (now Luoyang, Henan); In 770 BC (the first year of Zhou Pingwang), Pingdong moved its capital to Luoyi (Chengzhou) (now Luoyang, Henan), and the Zhou Dynasty in this period was called the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. History books also refer to the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty as two weeks.
Zhou Nanwang listened to Chu Xiaolie's words and called six countries to send troops to attack Qin in the name of the Emperor of Heaven, but failed because of the non-cooperation of the six countries. In 256 BC, Luoyang City fell, Zhou Nanwang was killed, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty perished.
Before the demise of Shang Dynasty, Zhou tribe originated from Huaxia (Han nationality). Due to the intrusion of northwest nomadic tribes such as Rong and Di, Gu Gongfu, the leader of Zhou people, led the Zhou people to settle in the lower plain of Qishan. Living in the Weihe River valley, his ancestor Ji abandoned his son, which is called "Hou Ji" of the agricultural god.
Ancient Chinese characters are still used for writing, tortoise bones and ox bones are still the main notes in folk records, and emerging brocade and silk are the main notes in the royal family. Zhou Wang was the "master of the world" in the enfeoffment system of Zhou Dynasty (the founding of the People's Republic of China).
According to the "Zhou" system, princes of great powers can sometimes serve as royal officials, such as Wei Kangshu as Zhou Sikou at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty and Zhou Situ at the end of the Western Zhou Dynasty. The official system set by the vassals in their feudal countries was roughly equivalent to that of the royal family, and the army became the master of their respective sides. ? [87]?
Zhou had great power over the vassals, who could still obey the tribute. In the thirteenth year of Zuo Zhuan, it was said: "In the past, emperors paid tribute in classes, while the emperors paid tribute in columns, and the weekly system was also established." In addition to gunnar, you need to make a pilgrimage to report on your work and send troops to sign it. The Emperor of Zhou had the right to interfere in the internal affairs of the vassal state, and sometimes sent envoys to the vassal state to supervise the state, which together with the vassal state was called "the vassal supervised the state". ?
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, the Emperor of Zhou was able to command the princes and enter the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The authority of the Zhou royal family declined, and most governors failed to fulfill their obligations to the royal family. The royal family itself was attached to the great powers such as Jin, Zheng and Wei at that time, not to mention ordering the princes. The oath and the "pat on the shoulder" also made Zhou's only majesty lost.
But in name, the governors of various countries are still vassals of Zhou Wang. Except Chu, there is no move to become a king. Putting forward that respecting the king and resisting foreigners is more for one's own national interests, but it also makes Zhou look up slightly.
Most of the monarchs of the five tyrants also acted under this slogan, that is, they respected the king on the surface, but actually expanded and merged. After entering the Warring States period, most countries have merged, and there are only more than 20 vassal States in the Zhou Dynasty, the largest of which is the Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period. During the Warring States Period, besides Wei Huiwang and Qi Weiwang, there was another move to the Zhou Dynasty, but it was also a show. The monarchs of other vassal states never laid hands on the Zhou Dynasty again.
The Zhou Dynasty was the heyday of bronzes in the history of China, including Xia, Shang and Wednesday dynasties, which lasted about 1600 years. Bronzes in this period are mainly divided into ritual vessels, weapons and miscellaneous vessels. Musical instruments are also mainly used for sacrificial activities in ancestral halls. Ritual vessels are used in ancient rituals, or in temples, or for feasting and washing, and some are sacrificial vessels.
Bronze ritual vessels are sacred to some extent, so they can't be used in ordinary life occasions. Among all bronzes, the number of ritual vessels is the largest and the production is the most exquisite. Ritual vessels can represent the highest level of Chinese bronze production technology. The types of ritual vessels are cookers, food containers, wine containers, water containers, statues and so on. Bronzes in the Zhou Dynasty are the most beautifully decorated, and there are many kinds of decorations.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhou Dynasty