Poetry, literature and audio-visual works should include not only the content of the works, but also the type, author, creation year, creation background, content introduction and so on. , and explain the name of the entry in detail.
The oldest cultural book in China.
China has a large number of books and records, many of which have great historical value and are treasures of human culture.
China's first book classification
China's first book classification catalogue was Seven Views compiled by Liu Xin in Han Dynasty. The "seven-class classification" adopted by it is the first book classification in China and the earliest book classification in the world, which is 1.545 years earlier than the first formal book classification table in Europe-Vientiane Book Classification in Guo Shina. Qilue includes compilation, six arts, hundred schools of thought, poems, art books and techniques. The Outline is a brief academic history summarizing the six strategies, so there are actually only six categories of the "seven strategies", which are further subdivided into 38 subcategories under the major categories, forming a complete classification system based on the principle of academic classification. It has a great influence on the development of bibliography, book classification and book cataloging in China.
China's first dictionary
China's first dictionary was Er Ya, which was written in the Western Han Dynasty. This book collects a rich collection of ancient Chinese words, which are classified according to the nature and meaning of words. It is divided into three volumes: upper, middle and lower, and words with the same meaning are divided into 19, explaining various words such as palace, utensils, music, heaven, earth, mountains, water, grass, wood, insects and birds. This book is actually an important material for textual research on the meaning of words and ancient famous things, and occupies a certain position in the history of Chinese.
China's first dictionary was Shuo Wen Jie Zi written by Xu Shen in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The book has 30 volumes and 9353 words (in duplicate 1, 163 words, paid-in 8 190 words). This book is the first radical arrangement. According to the glyph and radical structure, the collected words are divided into 540 parts, and there are explanatory words under each word, * * *133,441word. In the book, Xiao Zhuan is the main body, and ancient prose, calligraphy and other different forms are listed as heavy texts. According to the principle of "six books", explain the meaning of words. It took 22 years from creation to finalization, and it is the earliest philological work in China with complete system and strict radical arrangement.
China's first encyclopedia was the Yongle Grand Ceremony compiled by Jie Jin during the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1403- 1408). The book has 22,877 volumes, 60 volumes of illustrations and catalogues, and is bound into 1 1, 095 volumes. The compilation style of the book takes Hong Wuyun as the key link, rhyme as the whole word, and word as the thing. The content includes astronomy, geography, literature, art, classics, historical records, technology, agriculture, medicine, religion and all other disciplines. It is one of the precious documents in China and the earliest and largest encyclopedia in the world. This book is so voluminous that it could not be published at that time, only one book was written. A copy was re-recorded during Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. The original has been destroyed by fire, and only 200 copies have been handed down from generation to generation. 1959 Zhonghua Book Company photocopied and published 730 copies.
The largest classification book in ancient times
Integration of ancient and modern books
The largest kind of books in ancient China is the fusion of ancient and modern books. The original name of this book is The Collection of Ancient and Modern Books, which was originally compiled by Chen Menglei and others during the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, and later reprinted by Jiang Tingxi. The whole book 10004 has 40 volumes with a total of1600,000 words. It is the largest, most extensive and richest book in China. According to the collected contents, the book is divided into six parts, namely, calendar, geography, ethics, natural history, neo-Confucianism and economics, with 32 volumes, including 6 109 volumes. Each book is a reference book with certain reference value, with comprehensive examination and general introduction, including charts, biographies, art, sentences, notes and other items, and it is the representative work of China classical books.
The Spring and Autumn Annals
The earliest existing chronicle in China is the Spring and Autumn Annals compiled by Lu, a historian in the Spring and Autumn Period. The historical events in the book are arranged in chronological order, recording the 242 years of historical events in Lu Aigong from Luyin year (722 BC) to 14 year (48 BC1year). This book preserves a large number of ancient historical materials and has high historical value.
imperial collection of four
The largest series of books in China is Sikuquanshu compiled during the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. This series is divided into four parts: classics, history, books and collections. * * * compiled 4,370 kinds of works from ancient times to the early Qing Dynasty, with 79,070 volumes and 997 million words, and bound into 36,300 volumes. In addition, there are 200 volumes of "Summary of Siku Quanshu", which contains important cultural classics of China for thousands of years. It is an unprecedented series and has a certain influence in domestic academic circles. At that time, the book was written in eight letters, with more than 250 thousand copies. Only four books have been handed down. 1933, the Commercial Press selected 23 1 rare books for photocopying and publishing, and named it "The First Collection of Sikuquanshu Rare Books".
history
4. China's first biographical general history is Historical Records written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty. The book includes 12 biographies, 10 tables, 8 books, 30 aristocratic families, 70 biographies, etc. * * * 130 articles, totaling more than 520,000 words. This book records the historical facts of more than 2,000 years since the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and reflects the whole process from slavery to feudalism. The book has vivid writing, rich language and vivid characters, and also has a certain position in the history of literature. It is the greatest historical masterpiece in ancient China.
the Book of the Han Dynasty
China's first biographical chronology is Han Shu written by Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty. The book consists of 12 biographies, 8 tables, 10 chronicles and 70 biographies, 10, 12 volumes. This book records the historical facts from Emperor Gaozu to Wang Mang, including a generation, and is an important material for studying the history of the Western Han Dynasty. The author died before the book was finished. Eight Tables and Tian Wenzhi were edited by his sister Ban Zhao.
The end of tongjian chronicle
China's first historical work in the form of chronicles was The Chronicles by Yuan Shu in the Southern Song Dynasty. This book has 42 volumes. Taking historical events as the key link, it classifies the historical events of Zi Jian from 1 362 into 239 events, which began with the "three tribes divided into Jin" in the Warring States Period and ended with "Zhou Shizong went to Huainan" in the Five Dynasties. Everything is written in chronological order, independent, clear from beginning to end, and extremely convenient to read.
(Czech) Stalne; Stalne (Sweden); (British) Si Tong
China's first historical review was Shi Tong written by Liu Zhiji in Tang Dynasty, with 20 volumes and 52 articles. This paper discusses the origin, style, compilation method, official system evolution, gains and losses of history books. The author has been in the history museum for a long time and knows the advantages and disadvantages of historiography at that time. This book is the author's summary of the history before the Tang Dynasty and the crystallization of his lifelong historical research. It is China's earliest systematic and complete historical theory work.
The earliest geographical record in ancient China is Gong Yu, which was written in the Warring States Period. The book systematically introduces the geographical situation of China by the method of natural zoning, divides the whole country into nine continents, and gives a comprehensive description of the division of nine continents, mountains, rivers, soil, products and tribute. Therefore, it is the first scientific work on politics, economy, mountains and rivers and hydrogeology in China to develop the legend of water control in Yu Xia into a precious paleogeographic record.
The first book devoted to water system in China was Water Mirror, which was written in the Three Kingdoms period according to textual research. This book contains 137 rivers. Later, the outstanding geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty