The full text and translation of "Spring and Autumn" are as follows:
Original text:
In the early days, Duke Wu of Zheng married Yu Shen, named Wu Jiang, and gave birth to Duke Zhuang and Uncle ***. part. Zhuang Gong was born in Wansheng, which frightened the Jiang family, so he was named Wansheng, so he was evil. I love Uncle Duan and want to establish him. I urgently ask Duke Wu, and he gives me permission. When Duke Zhuang ascended the throne, he asked for control. The duke said: "Zhi is the city of Yan. Uncle Guo is dead. Tuo is the only one who lives." If you invite an envoy to the capital and live there, he is called the uncle of the capital. Ji Zhong said: "A capital with more than a hundred cities is a harm to the country.
Under the system of the previous kings, the capital was only one of the participating countries, one of the five for the middle, and one of the nine for the small. Today, the capital cannot be conquered. If you don't control it, you will be in trouble." The duke said: "Jiang wants it, how can we avoid harm?" He said to him: "Why does Jiang hate it? It would be better to take care of it as early as possible, so as not to grow the vines. The vines are difficult to control. The vines cannot be removed, even if they are favored by the king. "Brother?" The public said: "If you do too much injustice, you will be killed yourself. I will treat you like a aunt."
Now the uncle ordered Xibi and Beipi to come to him. Prince Lu said: "The country is in dire straits, what should you do as a ruler and general? If you want to be with your uncle, I will ask you to do something for him; if you can't, please get rid of him. This will not win the hearts of the people." The public said: "No need, I will get there myself." The uncle took them back as his own town, and moved to Linyan. Zi Feng said: "That's right, a good general will win many people." The Duke said: "Unrighteousness, lack of affection. Thickness will lead to collapse."
The uncle has gathered together, repaired the armor and soldiers, equipped the soldiers and rides, will attack Zheng, and the lady will start it. When the public heard about it, he said: "It's OK." Mingzi Feng Shuai's chariot was driven by two hundred people to the capital. Uncle Duan rebels in Beijing. Duan entered Yan. The public attacked Zhu Yan. In the Xinchou month of May, my uncle ran away to Japan.
Translation:
At first, Duke Wu of Zheng State married a wife from Shen State and was called Wu Jiang. Wu Jiang gave birth to Duke Zhuang of Zheng and Uncle Duan. Duke Zhuang of Zheng was born with reverse birth, and Mrs. Jiang was afraid of dystocia, so she named him Huansheng. She disliked him because of this. The Jiang family loved Uncle Duan and wanted to make him the prince. She repeatedly requested Zheng Wugong, but Zheng Wugong did not agree.
When Duke Zheng Zhuang succeeded to the throne, the Jiang family requested that the place be enfeoffed to Uncle Duan. Duke Zhuang of Zheng said to her: "Zhi, that is a dangerous place. The king of Dongguo died there." You can choose any other place you want, I will obey your orders. The Jiang family also requested for Uncle Duan to use the capital as a fiefdom, so that Uncle Duan could live there and be called Taishu of the capital.
Ji Zhong said to Duke Zhuang of Zheng: If the city wall exceeds the height of a hundred pheasants, it will be a disaster to the country. According to the system of the former kings, the largest fiefdom of a high official could not exceed one-third of the capital of a marquis or uncle, a medium-sized fiefdom could only be one-fifth of the capital, and a small fiefdom could only be one-ninth. Now the capital's fiefdom is illegal and violates the system of the previous kings. You, the king, will not be able to bear it.
Zheng Zhuanggong said: This is what Jiang wants. How can I avoid the disaster? Ji Zhong said to Zheng Zhuanggong: How can the Jiang family's requirements be met? It is better to arrange a place for Uncle Duan as soon as possible and not let him develop. If it develops, it will be difficult to deal with. You can't get rid of the spreading weeds, let alone your beloved brother, the king. Zhuang Gong said: If you do too much injustice, you will definitely bring about your own destruction. Just wait for his destruction.
Soon, Uncle Duan ordered the western and northern border areas of Zheng to accept the joint jurisdiction of him and Duke Zhuang of Zheng. Prince Lu said to Duke Zhuang of Zheng: A country cannot accept the control of two people. How will you deal with it, my king? If you want to give up the throne to Uncle Duan, then I will ask to serve him; if you don't want to give up the throne to him, then please get rid of him, so as not to make the people have second thoughts.
Zheng Zhuanggong said: There is no need to take care of it, he will encounter trouble on his own. Uncle Duan also took over the western and northern border areas jointly governed by him and Duke Zheng Zhuang, extending to Linyan. Young Master Lu said to Duke Zhuang of Zheng again: This is great. Uncle Duan has strong power and can get the support of many people. Duke Zhuang of Zheng said: He does not practice morality and does not unite people. His strong power can only promote his collapse.
Uncle Duan strengthened the city defense of the capital, gathered grain and grass, repaired armor and weapons, equipped infantry and chariots, and prepared to attack the capital of Zheng. Mrs. Jiang will open the city gate for him. Duke Zhuang of Zheng found out the date of Uncle Duan's attack on the capital and said: Now we can attack Uncle Duan.
So, he ordered his son Lu to be the commander-in-chief and led 200 chariots to launch a crusade against the capital. The people in Beijing all betrayed Uncle Duan. Uncle Duan fled to Yandi. Duke Zhuang of Zheng sent troops to Yan to attack him. On Xinchou day in May, uncle Duan fled to the country.
Introduction to the work
"Spring and Autumn" is a literary work of ancient Chinese history. It is also called "Spring and Autumn Classic", "Lin Classic" or "Lin History", etc. Later, many works appeared that supplemented, explained, and elucidated the history recorded in "Spring and Autumn", which were called "Zhuan". The representative works are "Zuo Zhuan", "Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan", which are called "Three Biography of Spring and Autumn Period".
The language used to record events in "Spring and Autumn" is extremely concise, but almost every sentence contains a connotation of praise and criticism, which is called "Spring and Autumn Writing Style" and "Small Words and Great Meanings" by later generations. It is one of the "Six Classics" of ancient Chinese Confucian classics. It is my country's first chronological history book and the national history of Lu during the Zhou Dynasty. The existing version is said to have been revised by Confucius.
It was reported in February 2019 that more than 5,200 slips were unearthed from the tomb of Haihunhou. After interpretation by experts, they discovered Confucian classics including the Spring and Autumn Annals and their teachings.