I have learned that Ji Xiang has the talent to take the world, but has no concern for taking the world; Cao Cao has taken care of the world, but not the amount of it (3); Liu Bei (4) has taken the amount of the world, not the talents of the world. So, three people will accomplish nothing in the end. And the husband does not abandon, can not win the world; I can't bear it. Nothing is difficult in the world. That is, the old place doesn't take things, and the city doesn't attack things, winning things and losing things. If you don't like it when you come, you won't be angry when you leave. If you think about what the world is doing, you can help others.
Oh! There is no doubt that Ji Xiang had the talent to win every battle, but he died at the foot of the note. I saw him fighting with the stag. I saw that he didn't think long and didn't have much, so I don't blame him for finally dying. When Ji Fang crossed the river, Pei Gong began to organize his troops to pass. At this time, if he leads an army to the state of Qin and uses it in the front line, he can rule the world according to Xianyang. I don't know about this. I'm just fighting for the life of General Qin. Because I am a giant deer, I still wandered in Henan and Xin 'an, and went to Hangu, and then I repeatedly entered Xianyang for several months. Because the husband and the Qin people have been enemies of Anpeigong and ⑦, they are not strong and are ministers. Therefore, although the family moved to Peigong Hanzhong and died in Pengcheng, so that Peigong had to pacify Sanqin, then the general trend of the world was in Han, not Chu. Although Chu wins, what's good about it! Therefore, the deceased under the ominous sign is also the battle of the giant deer.
Or: "Although, can you enter Qin?" He said, "When Xiang Liang died, he said that Chu was ill-considered, so he moved troops to attack Zhao, and he treated Chu lightly, so that he would destroy the giant deer. Sincerely, a dying person can easily attack his weak teacher. And the defense of the Qin dynasty, and the defense of Pei Gong, okay. Pei Gong's key problem is to attack it with books, ok? Pei Gong attacked it with Qin's defense, and Pei Gong attacked it with Qin's defense, so he died of Qin's defense, so he could not enter? "
Or: "Qin can enter, like saving Zhao?" He said: "When the tiger caught the deer, he fought for his son according to his point. The tiger returned safely without the deer, but when he came back, the deer was broken." Pet-name ruby so-called attack it will survive. If you enter the customs, Wang Li and Yu Hui will release Zhao to save themselves. According to the evidence, Zhao and Zhuangke rescuers climbed behind the wall no less than ten times, and they would cover it. Resolving the siege of Zhao in one fell swoop is also a contribution to the state of Qin. During the Warring States Period, Wei conquered Zhao and saved Zhao. Tian Ji led the troops across the girder and Wei was defeated by Zhao. Peter Yi Song knew soldiers, but he didn't reach this point. He refused to enter Anyang, saying that he would wait for Qin. I'm afraid the Qin dynasty is not ours, and Pei Gong was locked up first. Book meaning is lost. "
Therefore, those who take the world often take care of it first. Zhu Gekongming {1 1} abandoned Jingzhou and went to Xishu. I know there is nothing he can do. Besides, he didn't see great danger, and he thought that the man with the sword gate closed {12} could not die. I have tasted the danger of defending Shu, and I can't defend it, and I can't do it. I work hard {13} and never give it to me, so how can I control the Central Plains? If my husband, the ancient capital of Qin and Han dynasties, has thousands of miles of fertile soil and rivers and mountains, he can really control the world, but he can't take measures such as sword gate closure, and then he says it's dangerous. Today, the rich will live in a city with four links and five connections, so that their wealth {14} will be separated from the world, and then they can collect the benefits of the world. {15} with a young husband will get a gold urn {16} and hide it in various houses, but refuse to keep it {17}. Oh! Seek not to lose money, not to make money. The thief arrived, robbed and took it. How can he get anything?
be filled/suffused/brimming with
① Ji Xiang: Yu Zi, Xia Xiang (now Suqian, Jiangsu). When I was young, I evaded the enemy of Wuzhong with my uncle Xiang Liang. Later, he entered the customs and became the overlord of Chu, competing with Liu Bang for the world. In 202 BC, he was trapped and committed suicide. 2 consideration: thinking, planning. 3 quantity: quantity, quantity. ④ Xuande: Liu Beizi Xuande was born in Zhuoxian County, Zhuo Jun (now Hebei Province). ⑤ Xu Zhihou: It means "take the initiative to attack". Xu, take your time. Only if you succeed can you succeed. Dick, yes. Economy and success. 7. Hatred: This means confrontation. 8 mortal land: a warrior who is willing to sacrifice and not afraid of death. Military ambition: the art of war. Attending defense: refers to the place that can be defended. {1 1} Zhu Gekongming: Zhuge, compound surname. Zhuge Liang, also known as Kong Ming, was born in Langxie Yang Du (now Yinan, Shandong Province). A famous politician and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. {12} Sword Gate: Sword Gate. In today's Jiange County, Sichuan. {13} Caution: Caution. {14} Finance Department: property currency. Cloth, an ancient coin. {15} Little husband: Contrary to the concept of a gentleman, it refers to a person who has no ambition and does nothing. {16} gold embroidery (DuDu): gold box. {17} Denied: Closed defense. Refuse, refuse, resist.
The ninth chapter of the Complete Book mainly discusses the reasons for Xiang Yu's failure from the strategic perspective of military strategists' use of troops. Since the publication of Biography of Xiang Yu by Sima Qian, the Taishi Duke, Xiang Yu has left people with a heroic image that was once all-powerful but ended in failure. The world often praises his courage, regrets his experience and sympathizes with his fortitude. But in this article, Su Xun does not think that Xiang Yu's mistake is to use force. He thought that Xiang Yu had military talent, but he lost the world because of lack of comprehensive thinking and strategy and strategic mistakes.
In the first paragraph of the article, the argument is put forward, pointing out that although Xiang Yu "has the talent of taking the world", he "has no concern for taking the world" and thus failed. Comparing Xiang Yu with Cao Cao and Liu Bei, he thinks that Cao Cao "has the concern of taking the world, but not the quantity of it" and Liu Bei "has the quantity of it, but not the talent of it", so neither of them succeeded. After gradually analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the three men and the reasons for their failure, Su Xun came to the conclusion that only giving up can win the world, and only thinking can win the world, and put forward his strategic policy, which should be: "Take it from the ground, attack it from the city, win over things, avoid losing it", so as to succeed.
When discussing the reasons for Xiang Yu's failure, the author did not directly explain it, but adopted the means of restraining first and then promoting. He first praised "Ji Xiang's invincible talent", and then turned to sum up: "There is no doubt that he died in the next place." Taking the Battle of Julu as an example, this expresses Su Xun's point of view: It is because of Xiang Yu's lack of thinking and planning that he lost the best opportunity to control the world and led to his tragic death.
Finally, Su Xun did not confine himself to Xiang Yu, but talked about the topic of "taking the world, we must prevent it first" and discussed what kind of terrain is conducive to controlling the world. It also explains the difference between "rich people" and "little husbands". The former "lives in the capital of four links and five reaches, making its wealth all over the world, and then receiving the benefits of the world." The little husband "got the gold casket, hid it in the houses and refused to keep it", and when "the thief came to rob it", instead of keeping it, he lost it. On the surface, these topics seem to have nothing to do with Xiang Yu's affairs. In fact, they are summing up the full text and taking care of the arguments revealed in the first paragraph. The contrast between the rich and the young husband is also used to illustrate Xiang Yu's lack of strategy and knowledge, and also to take care of Xiang Yu's conclusion that he doesn't care about the world at the beginning of the article.
This paper is a typical total score structure, starting with an argument and then discussing it layer by layer. Citing historical facts and allusions as evidence makes the argument more sufficient. The questions inserted in the article are not only unobtrusive, but also thought-provoking, making the article more profound and logical. At the same time, the metaphor of "tiger catching deer" and "little husband hiding gold" is concise and vivid, which not only helps to reason, but also adds a lot of color to the image of the article.
Posterity review
Mao Kun's Notes of Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties? Notes on Su Wen's Official Documents (Volume 7): "Su and his son often talk about success or failure after the event, not their arrival, but their outstanding writing, which is close to the strategy of the Warring States. "