1. Classical Chinese reading and translation of Shen Ke’s courtesy name Zigong
The translation is as follows: Shen Ke’s courtesy name is Zigong, a native of Wukang, Wuxing.
He is profound, calm and capable of doing things. When Xiao Ying, the new Marquis of Chongqing in the Liang Dynasty, served as the county guard, he was recruited as the chief administrator.
Lu Zilue rebelled, and Shen Ke resisted with merit, and was appointed as a soldier to join the army. Gaozu and Shen Ke were from the same county and were very close to each other. After Xiao Ying's death, Gaozu went south to conquer Li Bi, so he asked his wife and children to return home with Shen Ke.
Hou Jing besieged Taicheng, and Shen Ke led his troops into the forbidden provinces of the imperial court to defend, and was appointed general of the right army in accordance with the regulations and conventions. The bandits built two mountains of earth in the east and west directions to attack the city, and they also piled mountains of earth in the city to confront each other. Shen Ke was the commander of the earth mountains in the east, fighting day and night.
Because of his military exploits, he was granted the title of Marquis of Shuxing County and was granted a settlement of 500 households. He was promoted to a member of the Standing Committee of the Communist Party of China.
After the fall of Beijing, Shen Ke quietly returned to his hometown from the alley. When Emperor Gaozu was attacking Hou Jing, he sent someone to inform Shen Ke, who then raised troops in the east to respond.
After pacifying Hou Jing, Shen Ke went to Jingkou to pay homage to Emperor Gaozu, and was appointed deputy commander of the capital army on the same day. Then he served as Sima in the commander's mansion.
When Emperor Gaozu made a plan to punish Wang Sengbian, Shen Ke participated in the planning. At this time, Wang Sengbian's son-in-law Du Chong was guarding Wuxing. Emperor Gaozu sent Shizu back to the Great Wall to set up a fence to guard against Du Chong, and sent Shen Ke back to Wukang to recruit troops.
After Du Chong was pacified, Shizu attacked Zhang Biao, the governor of Shu Yangzhou, and sent Shen Ke to supervise Wuxing County. It was not until the time when Emperor Gaozu was receiving Zen, that he sent Liu Shizhi, a member of Zhongshushe, to summon Shen Ke and ordered him to lead troops into the palace to protect Emperor Liang Jing from leaving the main palace to another palace.
Shen Ke pushed open the door and went in to see Emperor Gaozu, kowtowed and apologized and said: "I, Shen Ke, once served the Xiao family dynasty. Today I cannot bear to see its demise. I am willing to die rather than accept this." Order." Emperor Gaozu praised his determination and no longer forced him. He also transferred Wang Sengzhi, the commander of the Dang army, to replace him.
After Emperor Gaozu ascended the throne, he appointed him as the prefect of Wuxing. In the second year of Yongding's reign, he was assigned to supervise Kuaiji County.
It happened that Yu Xiaoqing conspired to support Wang Ji and sent troops from Linchuan to attack Qedi. Therefore, Emperor Gaozu appointed the governor as General Zhuangwu and led his troops across Dongxing Mountain to rescue Zhou Di. When Yu Xiao heard that Shen Ke had arrived, he retreated.
After Emperor Gaozong ascended the throne, Shen Ke was appointed as a regular servant of Sanqi, the commander-in-chief of Guangheng, and other military personnel in the eighteen states. Before Shen Ke arrived at Huling, the former governor Ouyang He sent troops to defend at a dangerous place. Shen Ke was blocked and unable to advance. The imperial court sent Sikong Zhang Zhaoda to lead all armies to attack Ouyang He.
After Ouyang He was pacified, Shen Ke was able to enter Guangzhou. The state suffered from wars and famines, and everything was damaged. Shen Ke collected and resettled the refugees, comforted them, and extended his kindness. The rest of the area relied on him to be safe and stable.
In the fourth year of Taijian, the emperor recruited him to serve as the leading general. He did not return to the court until the handover between the old and new governors was completed. However, he failed to arrive on time because of the long distance, and was impeached by relevant officials and dismissed.
When the later emperor came to the throne, Shen Ke was transferred to Sanqi Changshi, Tejin and Jinziguanglu doctors due to illness. He died that year at the age of seventy-four.
As a posthumous gift to General Yizuo, the emperor ordered to reward the royal coffin, and then left the palace to mourn. All the property needed for the funeral was funded by the treasury. The nickname is Yuan.
(Excerpted from "Chen Shu Biography of Shen Ke") The original text is as follows: Shen Ke, courtesy name Zigong, was born in Wukang, Wuxing. Deep and well-organized.
Xiao Ying, Marquis of Xinyu in Liang Dynasty, was appointed as the general of the county and was summoned as the chief administrator. Lu Zilue did the opposite. He refused to fight and had merit, and joined the army except for the soldiers.
Gaozu and Ke were in the same county, and they were very close. After Xiao Ying died, Gaozu went south to attack Li Bi, and still sent his wife back to his hometown with Ke. Hou Jing besieged Taicheng, and Ke led his troops into Taicheng, adding the generals of the right army as usual.
The thieves raised two earth mountains in the east and west to force the city. They also built earth mountains in the city to respond. Ke was the master of the east earth mountain and refused to fight day and night. He was granted the title of Marquis of Dongxing County based on his meritorious service, with a total of 500 households in the city.
Relocated members to serve as regular attendants. The capital fell, and Kejian returned to his hometown.
When Emperor Gaozu attacked Hou Jing, he sent envoys to report his defeat, so he raised troops in the east to respond. After the thieves were defeated, they paid a visit to the great ancestor in Jingkou, and on that day he was awarded the title of Deputy of the Capital Army.
Xun is the Sima of the mansion. When Emperor Gaozu planned to attack Wang Sengbian Ke, he planned to go to Wuxing in Dugon Town, the son-in-law of Sengbian. Emperor Gaozu ordered Shizu to return the Great Wall and erect a fence to prepare a niche. He also sent Ke to return to Wukang to recruit troops and level the niche. Shizu attacked Zhang Biao, the governor of Yangzhou in the east. Supervise Wuxing County.
The great ancestor received Zen and sent Liu Shizhi, a member of Zhongshushe, to lead the troops in, because the guards respected the emperor as if they were in a separate palace. Ke Nai Paidai came in to see Gaozu, kowtowed and said in thanks: "I have come to the Xiao family with my own experience. I can't bear to see you do anything today. I will be punished by death. I will never obey your orders."
Gaozu expressed his gratitude, so he No longer forced, he was replaced by the leader Wang Sengzhi. Emperor Gaozu Jianzuo eliminated the prefect of Wuxing.
In the second year of Yongding, he moved to Kuaiji County. Hui Yu Xiaoqing planned to respond to Wang Lin and sent troops to Linchuan to attack Zhou Di. With Ke as a strong general, he led his troops across the mountains to rescue Di.
Yu Xiaoqing heard that Ke had arrived and retreated. After Emperor Gaozong ascended the throne, he added cavalry officers, governors such as Guang and Heng and other military personnel from the eighteen states.
Before Ke reached the ridge, Ouyang He, the former governor, raised his troops to resist the danger, but Ke could not advance. The imperial court sent Sikong Zhang Zhaoda to supervise all the troops to attack He. After He was defeated, he was able to enter the state.
The state suffered from military famine and the place was ruined. Ke Sui Huai An Ji was favored, and Ling Biao relied on it.
In the fourth year of Taijian's reign, he was appointed as the leading general. When the time came to return, the journey would not come at any time, and was exempted by the Secretary.
After the emperor came to the throne, he was granted the title of Disciple Cavalry Changshi, Tejin, and Jin Ziguanglu. He died at the age of seventy-four.
He presented it to General Yi Zuo and ordered him to give the secret weapon to Dongyuan. He still went out to express condolences and provided necessary funds for the funeral. His posthumous title was Yuan. Shen Ke (509-582), courtesy name Zigong, was a native of Wukang, Wuxing.
He was instrumental in putting down Hou Jing's rebellion. He was instrumental in putting down Hou Jing's rebellion.
He was granted the title of Marquis of Dongxing due to his meritorious service. Emperor Gaozong Chen Xu came to the throne, and added Sanqi Changshi, Dudu Guang, Heng, Dongheng, Jiao, Yue, Cheng, Ding, Xin, He, Luo, Ai, De, Yi, Huang, Li, An, Shi, Shuang, etc. The military officers of the Eighteen Prefectures, General Zhennan, General Pingyue Zhonglang, and the Governor of Guangzhou.
Later he became Doctor Tejin and Jin Ziguanglu. 2. Answers to the Extended Reading of Classical Chinese "Yu Wei Tu Zhong"
Original text:
When Zhuangzi was fishing in the Pu River, the King of Chu sent two officials to go ahead and said: "I would like to The territory is full!" Zhuangzi held the pole and said, "I heard that there is a magical turtle in Chu. It has been dead for three thousand years. The king hid this turtle in a turban. He would rather die to keep his bones. "Is it better to be born and drag the tail to the center?"
The second doctor Yu said: "It is better to be born and drag the tail to the center."
Zhuangzi said: "I will drag it!" The end is in the middle of the painting."
Translation:
Zhuangzi was fishing in the Pu River. The king of Chu sent two officials to invite him (to become an official). (They said to Zhuangzi) "I want to burden you with domestic affairs!" Zhuangzi took the fishing rod and said without looking back: "I heard that there is a magical turtle in the state of Chu. It has been dead for three thousand years. The king uses brocade Wrap it in a bamboo box and store it in the hall of the ancestral temple. Would this (divine) turtle rather die and leave its bones for people to treasure, or would it rather live and wag its tail in the mud? ”
< p> The two doctors said: "I would rather live with my tail wagging in the mud."Zhuangzi said: "Please go back! I want to wag my tail in the mud." 3. Reading "Dou Wei" in classical Chinese < /p>
Sorry, there are no reading questions online. I found the biography of Dou Wei from an old Tang book and translated it by hand, hoping it could be used as a reference.
Dou Wei, courtesy name Wenwei, was born in Pinglu, Fufeng, and was Empress Taimu's father and brother. Father Chi, Taifu of Sui Dynasty. The Wei family is noble, and all Kun's brothers are also good at martial arts, but Wei is obsessed with literature and history, and is self-defeating. All the brothers looked at him and called him a "bookworm". The internal history of the Sui Dynasty ordered Li Delin to show off his talents, shoot the armor department, and worship the secretary Lang. When the rank is full, it is time to move, but to stick to it. When the secretary is more than ten years old, his studies have become more and more extensive. At that time, all the brothers used their military exploits to achieve official status, made friends with powerful people, and had many guests, while the powerful officials were idle. The brothers even said to Wei: "In the past, when Confucius accumulated knowledge and became a sage, he was still in a state of embarrassment. He has lived so late. If you follow this path, what else do you want? If you don't have a good reputation and position, it's appropriate." Wei laughed and didn't answer. . For a long time, King Xiu of Shu established a record room. He used Xiu to do many illegal things and returned to the fields after claiming illness. When Xiu was deposed, many officials in the government were convicted, but Wei Wei used his foresight to save his life. In the fourth year of Daye's reign, he moved to the imperial palace. He disobeyed the imperial decree by counting the gains and losses, and was transferred to the examination doctor. After that, he was relieved of his duties and returned to the capital. Emperor Gaozu entered the Pass and summoned the chief minister of the Prime Minister's Office to join the army. At that time, the army was founded, and the five rituals fell. Wei was a great expert in history and knew much about old rituals, imperial regulations, and state canons, all of which were determined by him. Wen Han from the Zen Dynasty was heavily involved in them. Emperor Gaozu often said to Pei Ji: "Shusun Tong cannot be added." In the first year of Wude, he paid homage to the internal history order. The imperial memorials often cited ancient edicts for discussing grace, and Emperor Gaozu was very fond of them, and they were sometimes introduced into the sleeping room, often as a kneeling mat. He also said, "In the past, there were nobles in the Eight Pillar Kingdom in the Zhou Dynasty, and I and the Duke were appointed to this position. Now I am the emperor, and the Duke is the internal history order. The original is the same but the end is different, which is unfair." Wei Xie said: " In the Han Dynasty, my family was once again a relative. As for the Later Wei Dynasty, I had three wives. Your Majesty was prosperous and returned to the queen. I was also in Qili and was in Fengfengchi. I was worried about it in the morning. " Emperor Gaozu laughed and said, "I see people from Guandong marrying Cui and Lu, but I feel so proud of myself. It's so noble to be the emperor's relative on my behalf!" When he was sick, Emperor Gaozu went to ask questions. Looking for death, the family has no wealth left, and the legacy is a poor burial. His posthumous title was Jing, and he was given the title of governor of Tongzhou and posthumously granted the title of Duke of Yan'an. On the day of the funeral, the prince and officials were ordered to go out together to see him off. There are ten volumes of collected works.
Translation: Dou Wei, courtesy name Wenwei, was a native of Fufeng Pinglu and the elder brother of Empress Taimu's stepfather. His father, Dou Chi, was once the Tutor of the Sui Dynasty. Dou Wei's family has made meritorious deeds for many generations, and several of his brothers advocate martial arts, but Dou Wei likes literature and history. He is upright and sticks to his heart. The brothers all laughed at him and called him a "bookworm". Li Delin, the internal historian of the Sui Dynasty, won the imperial examination, ranked first in archery and strategy, and became a secretary. When his official term was over, he was about to be transferred, but he stayed on and worked as a secretary for more than ten years, and his studies also made progress. At that time, Dou Wei's brothers all became high-ranking officials through military merit, and they made friends with high-ranking officials and dignitaries. Their family was filled with guests, but Dou Wei's official career was leisurely. The brothers laughed at him even more and said, "Confucius studied and became a sage before, but he was still very embarrassed at that time. What do you want to do after learning from him? The official position is not high, it is normal." Dou Wei smiled and did not answer. King Xiu of Shu came to Shu and was demoted to the office of reporter. Because Xiu did not abide by the law, he resigned and returned to his hometown on the pretext of illness. After Xiu was demoted, most of the officials who accompanied him were convicted. Only Dou Wei had the foresight to save himself.
In the fourth year of Daye (era), he was promoted many times and became a member of the Internal Affairs Bureau. Because his admonitions offended the emperor, he was transferred to the Kao Gong Doctor. Later, because some things could not be done, he returned to the capital. Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty entered Hulao Pass and summoned and supplemented the records of the Prime Minister's Office to join the army. At that time, wars were going on one after another, and all rules and regulations were broken. Dou Wei was knowledgeable and knew the previous rules and regulations, so he re-designated them, and Wenhan of the Zen Dynasty also participated in most of them. Emperor Gaozu of the Tang Dynasty said to Pei Ji many times: "There is no one better than Shusun Tong." In the first year of Wude (reign name), he made the internal history order. Wei Dou had a dignified appearance and quoted scriptures when he played. Tang Gaozu admired him very much and sometimes took him to the bedroom and often sat and chatted with him. The emperor once said: "In the past, there were eight pillars of the country in the Zhou Dynasty, and I was almost the same as yours. Now I am the emperor, and you are the internal history order. They are basically the same, but the level is different." Dou Wei thanked the emperor, He said: "My family was the emperor's in-laws in the Han Dynasty. In the Later Wei Dynasty, we became the emperor's in-laws three times. Your Majesty, you are highly virtuous and respected, and you are more respected than the empress's family. We are about to become in-laws, and our official position is so high, we will be afraid sooner or later." "Tang Gaozu said with a smile: "I want the Guandong people to marry Cui and Lu Wei, and become a high-ranking official. When you become rich, you will start to be proud. You have been the emperor's in-laws for generations, aren't you very prominent?" When Dou Wei was seriously ill, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty went to visit him personally. Dou Wei died soon after. His family did not have much money, and his last words were simply to hold a funeral. The imperial court gave him the posthumous title of Jing Jing, posthumously named him the governor of Tongzhou, and posthumously named him the Duke of Yan'an. On the day of the burial, the emperor ordered the prince and all the civil and military officials to go out to see him off. He has ten volumes of collected works. 4. Yin Yunji’s classical Chinese reading comprehension answers
Translation
During the Zhengde period of Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty, Yin Yunji (born in Shouzhang, courtesy name Jinfu) was appointed magistrate of Qingjiang County. County citizen Zhu Kai died in the west corridor of the Confucian Temple. We don’t know who the murderer was, but there was an anonymous letter saying: "It was someone who killed Zhu Kai." Someone had an old grudge with Zhu Kai, and everyone thought it was probably him. . Yin Yunji said: "The real culprit is blaming someone else to mislead our investigation. Who among Zhu Kai's neighbors is close to him?" They all replied, "Yao's surname is a subordinate official." Yin Yunji gathered all the subordinate officials in the court hall. He said: "I need someone who can write well. Please submit your handwriting." Among the officials, Yao Ming's handwriting most resembled the handwriting of an anonymous letter. Yin Yunji asked him: "Why did you kill Zhu Kai?" Yao Ming was shocked. , had to confess and said: "Zhu Kai was going to Suzhou to do business. I was greedy for his property, so I killed him."
Notes
① Suspended treatment: Delay in solving the case.
②玎: close. 5. Classical Chinese reading Chen Dengyun, courtesy name Conglong, from Tangshan
Chen Dengyun’s full text translation:
Chen Dengyun, courtesy name Conglong, from Tangshan. In the fifth year of Wanli (1577), he was awarded Jinshi status and was appointed magistrate of Yanling County. With the best political performance, he was promoted to censor. After leaving Liaodong, Shangshu stated ten countermeasures to stabilize the border, and also requested that the establishment of a reward system for first achievements be accelerated. Later he was changed to governor of Shanxi.
Back in the capital, it happened that the court ministers were debating the matter of establishing a prince. Chen Dengyun believed that the imperial concubine's family was secretly causing trouble because of the delay in making a decision in the court meeting. In June of the 16th year of Wanli (1588), Shang Shu impeached the concubine's father, Zheng Chengxian, because of a disaster. He said: "Zheng Chengxian harbored evil intentions and coveted the crown prince. He interacted with eunuchs every day to discuss countermeasures, and he made extensive friends with mountain men, magicians, Taoist priests, and monks. When His Majesty severely punished the imposters in the examination room, Zheng Chengxian's wife often threatened to expose the matter herself, using it to intimidate the nobles and use clever words to deceive the court officials. Not only Hui'an was plotted by them, but also the Central Palace and the Queen Mother's family. Be careful to avoid their sharp edges. Your Majesty has been ruling the country for a long time. This is the result of the favorable government. Zheng Chengxian always tells people that he thinks it is the result of not establishing a prince. He has been planning for a long time and he will not be able to do anything in the future. "What about coming out? If you don't uphold the principles of the court and make upright decisions, even if you don't go to court every day, don't play music, wear white clothes, and stop the punishment, I'm afraid the emperor will not agree. Changes in the sky are irresistible." Shu Shang, the imperial concubine and Zheng Chengxian both said. After losing his temper, his colleagues also thought that Chen Dengyun was in danger, but the emperor kept the memorial.
Much later, he impeached Lu Guangzu, the official minister, Feng Shike, the deputy envoy of Sichuan Tixue, Li Lai, the governor of Yingtian, Wang Zhixiang, the governor of Shuntian, Han Shineng, the minister of the Ministry of Rites, Luo Wanhua, the minister of Nanjing. Tai servant Qing Xu Yongjian. All the high officials in the imperial court were afraid of him. At that time, it was time to take the examination for academic subjects, so Chen Dengyun wrote in a book: "Recently, the imperial censors were afraid of sexual harassment before Renwu, and the upright ones became gentle; after Renwu, they were restrained by emotion, and the upright ones became flattering. Is it possible in the meantime? There are no upright people, but they are vulnerable to being attacked and have no place to stay. In the past twenty years, only one or two people have been promoted to Beijing officials with integrity, cultivating party members and begging for mercy, like the so-called "Seven Jackals". "Eight Dogs", censors account for half of them. Taijian is the one who regulates right and wrong for the world, and if he tramples on people like this, how can we expect him to handle things honestly and eliminate traitors for the country regardless of his feelings? What a scum! Rather than being demoted due to misuse, it is better to carefully examine the candidates." So I presented several things to the emperor.
Served as the patrol commissioner of Henan. There was a great famine that year, and people ate each other. Deputy envoy Cui Yinglin saw the people eating goose droppings in the lake, so he brought it to Chen Dengyun, who then sent it to the court. The emperor immediately sent the temple chief Zhong Huamin to distribute treasury silver to help the people. Chen Dengyun visited the local area three times and was strict in governing. According to regulations, he should be promoted to a capital official. However, he was repeatedly detained by the palace and refused to be promoted, so he claimed to be ill and returned home.
He died soon after. 6. Reading answers to the classical Chinese biography of Wang Fu
Wang Fu, whose courtesy name was Chuyang, was from Gu'an. In the seventh year of Zhengtong (1442), he passed the imperial examination. The Criminal Division was assigned to Shizhong. He has a loud voice, a beautiful appearance, and is good at expressing his ideas. Promoted to General Political Councilor. He also invaded the capital first and invited ministers to go out to meet the emperor. No one dared to go, so Wang Fu asked to go. So he was promoted to Youtongzheng, acting as Minister of Rites, and went with Zhao Rong from Zhongshushe. The enemy showed their swords and threatened them, but Wang Fu and others were not afraid of this. After returning, he still served as general affairs officer and was promoted to general affairs envoy.
In the first year of Chenghua (1465), Yansui's general officer reported that he was pursuing and attacking the Hetao tribesmen, and the emperor issued an edict to reward them. Wang Fu believed that it was inappropriate to travel seven hundred miles to fight, and was worried about provoking disputes in the hope of unexpected success. He asked for an edict to warn Xiaoyu. The emperor thought he was right. Promoted to Shangshu.
Chen Jue, who lives in a rich family, was originally a painter. When he died, his nephew Chen Xi asked to inherit Baihu. Wang Fu said: "Although hereditary inheritance is an order of the late emperor, it is not a military achievement and should not be allowed." So he stopped.
Maoli children invaded the border, and the emperor ordered Wang Fu to return to the capital to inspect Shaanxi's border guards. From Yansui to Gansu, he observed the terrain and said: "Yansui starts from the bank of the Yellow River in the east and ends at Dingbianying in the west, lingering for more than 2,000 miles. The dangerous passes are all inland, and there are no barriers outside the border. They can only be reached by forts. Defense. Instead, the army is stationed inside, but the people live outside. Once the enemy enters, the people have been plundered before they move in. In addition, when they reach Qingyang from the southwest, they are more than 500 miles away, and the beacon fire cannot be connected. When it arrives, the people don't know yet. Please move the 19 forts such as Fugu and Xiangshui to important places close to the border, and every 20 miles from Anbianying to Qingyang, and from Dingbianying to Huanzhou. Build one pier, totaling thirty-four, and build trenches and walls according to the terrain to make it easier to defend and resist." After the memorial was presented, the emperor followed his advice.
Wang Fu was reassigned to the Ministry of Industry. Wang Fu strictly abides by the laws and regulations, and his reputation is better than that of the Ministry of War. At that time, the Zhongguan asked for the construction of a corridor to the northwest of the imperial city, and Wang Fu proposed to slow down the matter. Gao Fei also said that disasters are frequent and it is not appropriate to force tens of thousands of people to do useless things. The emperor did not allow it. The lieutenant-general leading the Tengxiang Fourth Guards requested to be given cotton jackets and shoes and trousers. Wang Fu insisted not to allow it, saying: "The imperial court made these things originally for the soldiers on the expedition, so that they could set off today without having to bother to sew them. The Beijing army supplies cloth and cotton for winter clothes every year. This is an established system. How can it be done?" Can it be changed?" After Daying Dharma King Keshiba passed away, Zhongguan asked to build a temple and a pagoda. Wang Fu said: "The Great Merciful Dharma King only built pagodas and not temples. This system should not be established now." So he only ordered the pagodas to be built and sent 4,000 soldiers to serve him.
Wang Fu likes ancient books and studies. He abides by the rules of integrity and restraint. He does not have city government when interacting with others. He works as an official and has a general knowledge. He has served in the Ministry of Industry for twelve years. When he encountered disasters and mutations, the admonishers said that he was old. Wang Fu asked to retire. The emperor doesn't allow it. Two months later, the admonishment officer impeached Wang Fu again. The emperor then sent a decree ordering him to resign and return home. After his death, he was given to the crown prince as his Taibao, and was given the nickname Zhuang Jian. 7. Extracurricular classical Chinese reading and answers, Pound Zi Ling Ming
Pound Zi Ling Ming, a Taoist from Nan'an.
He was a minor official in the county, and he was given the title of Marquis of Guannei to four other people including Zihui, each with a hundred households in the city. Hui Yonglie has a paternal style, and his official rank is lieutenant general, and he is granted the title of marquis.
Annotation: Pound's biography Pound's courtesy name was Lingming, and he was a native of Naodao, Nan'an County. When he was young, he served as a county official and a state official.
During the Chuping period, he followed Ma Teng to attack the rebellious Qiang and Di people. He made many meritorious deeds and was gradually promoted to the rank of captain. During the Jian'an period, Cao Cao conquered Yuan Tan and Yuan Shang in Liyang.
Yuan Tan sent Guo Yuan, Gao Gan and others to plunder Hedong County. Cao Cao ordered Zhong Yao to lead the generals in Guanzhong to attack them. Pang De followed Ma Teng's son Ma Chao to resist Guo Yuan and Gao Gan in Pingyang. Pang De served as the vanguard and attacked Guo Yuan and Gao Gan. They won a complete victory and killed Guo Yuan himself.
He was appointed as Zhonglang General and made the capital Tinghou. Later, Zhang Baiqi rebelled in Hongnong County, and Pang De once again accompanied Ma Teng to conquer the enemy, defeating the enemy between the two mountains.
Every time he went to battle, Pang De always captured the enemy's position and drove them back. He was the most courageous among Ma Teng's troops. Later, Ma Teng served as a guard, and Pang De remained under Ma Chao.
Cao Cao defeated Ma Chao in Weinan, and Pang De fled with Ma Chao into Hanyang County and defended Jicheng. Later, he ran to Hanzhong with Ma Chao and defected to Zhang Lu.
Cao Cao pacified Hanzhong, and Pang De surrendered with his troops. Cao Cao had long heard about Pang De's bravery and appointed him General Liyi. He was also granted the title of Marquis of Guan Guan Pavilion, with a settlement of 300 households.
Hou Yin, Wei Kai and others occupied Wancheng and rebelled. Pang De led his men and Cao Ren to capture Wancheng, killed Hou Yin and Wei Kai, and then stationed south in Fancheng to attack Guan Yu. The generals in Fancheng were suspicious of Pang De because his brother was in the Shu army in Hanzhong.
Pang De often said: "I have been favored by the country and will die for the country. I will attack Guan Yu personally. If I don't kill Guan Yu from now on, Guan Yu should kill me."
< p> Later he personally fought with Guan Yu and shot Guan Yu in the forehead. At that time, Pang De always rode a white horse. Guan Yu's soldiers called him General White Horse and were all afraid of him.Cao Ren asked Pang De to camp ten miles north of Fancheng. It rained heavily for more than ten days and the Han River overflowed. The water in the plains of Fancheng was five to six feet deep. Pang De and his generals went up the embankment to hide from the water. Guan Yu Attack by boat, surround them on all sides and shoot at the embankment with bows and arrows. Pang De was wearing armor and holding a bow, and his arrows were all fired.
General Dong Heng, subordinate general Dong Chao and others wanted to surrender, but Pang De executed them all. The battle lasted from early morning to past noon. Guan Yu attacked more urgently. When he ran out of arrows, he got close to fighting hand to hand.
Pang De said to the governor Cheng He: "I heard that a good general is not afraid of death and does not live an ignoble life, and a martyr does not sacrifice his life to survive. Today is the day I die."
He went into battle angrier and more courageous, but the situation became too strong and the soldiers all surrendered. Pang De and his subordinates, a general and two captains, bent their bows and set arrows, and took a small boat to return to Cao Ren's camp.
Because the boat capsized and his bow and arrows were lost, Pound held the boat and sank into the water alone, and was captured by Guan Yu. Pound stood without kneeling. Guan Yu said to him: "Your brother is in Hanzhong. I want to use you as a general. Why didn't you surrender early?" Pang De scolded Guan Yu and said, "You kid, what do you mean by surrender? The king of Wei led hundreds of powerful troops. Wan, the world is powerful.
Your Liu Bei is just a mediocre person, how can he be an enemy of the King of Wei! I would rather be a ghost of the country than a traitor general." So he was killed by Guan Yu.
Cao Cao was very sad after hearing about his death. He shed tears for his death and named his two sons as princes. Cao Pi ascended the throne and sent an envoy to Pang De's mausoleum to deliver his posthumous title.
The edict said: "In the past, Xian Zhen sacrificed his life for the country, and Wang Chu died on a hunger strike and died as a martyrdom. People of previous generations praised them. Pang De was brave and resolute, and went into danger to make a name for himself. People praised him at that time. , His righteousness was very noble at that time, so people remembered him and gave him the posthumous title of Zhuanghou."
He also gave his son Pang Hui and four others the title of Guanneihou, each with a hundred cities. household. Pang Hui was brave and strong in the style of his father. He rose to the rank of lieutenant general and was granted the title of lord. 8. Answers to Xu Du, whose courtesy name is Xiaojie, in classical Chinese.
Translation is available for reference:
Xu Du, whose courtesy name is Xiaojie, was born in Anlu. He has lived in the capital for generations. When I was young, I was free and easy, not stuck in small details. When he grew up, he grew up tall and liked drinking and gambling. He often sent servants and people with lowly professions to cause trouble. Xiao Jie, the internal history official of the Liang Dynasty, went to the county. Xu Du followed him and led his soldiers to conquer various caves. He was famous for his bravery. Gaozu conquered Jiaozhi and recruited him with generous gifts, so Xu Du surrendered to Gaozu.
During the Hou Jing Rebellion, Emperor Gaozu conquered and pacified Guangzhou, pacified Cai Luyang, and defeated Li Qianshi. Most of the plans came from Xu Du. Xu Du also commanded the soldiers and achieved military exploits in every battle. Returning to Baimao Bay, Emperor Liang Yuan appointed him General Ningshuo and governor of Hezhou. After Hou Jing was pacified, his military exploits before and after were recorded, and he was promoted to Tongzhi Sanqi Changshi, and was granted the title of Marquis of Guangde County, with a settlement of 500 households. Later he moved to serve as a regular attendant of Sanqi.
When Emperor Gaozu was guarding Zhu Fang, Xu Du served as General Xinwu and Prefect of Lanling. Emperor Gaozu sent King Hengyang Xian to Jingzhou, and Xu Du led his troops to follow him. Jiangling fell, Xu Du took a small road and returned eastward. When Emperor Gaozu pacified Wang Sengbian, both Xu Du and Hou An were in the navy. In the first year of Shaotai (555), Emperor Gaozu went east to attack Du Gong and served Emperor Jing as he came to Jingkou. Xu Du was in charge of the palace guards and took charge of the affairs left behind.
Xu Sihui, Ren Yue and others came to invade, and Gaozu and Emperor Jing returned to Kyoto. At that time, the enemy had occupied Stone City, but the city residents were all on their way south, far away from the imperial court. They were worried about being pursued by the enemy, so they sent Xu Du to lead his army to guard Yecheng Temple and build forts to block the enemy. The enemy troops all mobilized and launched a massive attack, but failed to capture it. Gaozu soon rescued Xu Du and defeated Ren Yue and others. The next year, Xu Sihui and others led the Northern Qi army across the river, and Xu Du followed the army to defeat the enemy at Beijiaotan. According to meritorious service, he was appointed General Xinwei, governor of Yingzhou, and concurrently served as prefect of Wuxing. Soon he was promoted to the general of Zhenyou, the general of the leading army, the general of the south Xuzhou along the river, the general of Zhenbei, and the governor of south Xuzhou. He was given a piece of propaganda.
Zhou Wenyu, Hou Andu and others went west to attack Wang Lin, but were defeated and imprisoned by Wang Lin, so they appointed Xu Du as the commander-in-chief of the former army and guarded Nanling. After Shizu succeeded to the throne, he was moved to the third division of Shizhong, General of Zhongfu Army, and Kaifu Yitong, and was promoted to Duke. Before the ceremony and conferment, he was appointed as envoy Chijie, Sanqi Changshi, Zhendong general, and Wujun prefect. In the first year of Tianjia (560), one thousand households were added to the city. Upon expiration of his term of service, he was appointed as Shizhong and General of the Chinese Army. He served as the envoy to control the military affairs of the nine counties of Kuaiji, Dongyang, Linhai, Yongjia, Xin'an, Xinning, Xin'an, Jin'an and Jian'an, the general of Zhendong, and the prefect of Kuaiji. Before taking office, Taiwei Hou died in Xiangzhou, so Xu Du replaced him and was transferred to various military positions in Xiangzhou, Yuanzhou, Wuzhou, Bazhou, Yingzhou, and Guizhou, general of Zhennan, and governor of Xiangzhou. Upon expiration of his term of service, he will be appointed as a servant and general of the Chinese army, and his etiquette and propaganda will remain unchanged.
When Shizu passed away, Xu Du received an imperial edict in advance and led fifty armed soldiers into the forbidden area of ??the palace. The deposed emperor ascended the throne and was promoted to Sikong. Hua Jiao occupied Xiangzhou and rebelled, leading the Northern Zhou army to Chaokou. Confronted with the dynasty's army, Xu Du was promoted to the rank of Envoy Chijie, Chariot and Cavalry General, commanded the infantry, went from Ancheng County via Ling Road to eastern Hunan, attacked Xiangzhou, and captured all the enemy's family members left in Xiangzhou before returning. . In the second year of Guangda (568), he died at the age of sixty. He was promoted to Taiwei and given to 20 Banjians, with the posthumous title Zhongsu. In the fourth year of Taijian's reign, he was ordered to enjoy the temple court of Emperor Gaozu. His son Xu Jingcheng succeeded him.
9. Classical Chinese reading, Fan Zhengci ruled Raozhou
Fan Zhengci was a person in the middle period of Taipingxingguo (it seems to be a reign name of the Song Dynasty, for example: the second year of Taipingxingguo), because Raozhou There were many unanswered lawsuits and he was sent there as Zhizhou (zhizhou: official position).
After he arrived, he judged and solved all the cases overnight. 63 local officials were suspended due to prison flooding (long-stalled cases that kept prisoners trapped in prison for a long time). Fan Zhengci ordered the officers and soldiers of Liuzhou to send these people to the capital (seemingly to be exiled). There was a man named Wang Xing who was nostalgic for his hometown and was afraid of going to the capital. Fan Zhengci deliberately injured his foot. Kill him with a strict order (that is, kill him as a warning to others).
Wang Xing's wife appealed, and Song Taizong summoned Fan Zhengci and asked him to explain the matter in the lobby. Fan Zhengci said sternly: "The counties in the southeast are rich, prosperous and prosperous. , people's hearts are more likely to fluctuate, and Wang Xing dared to cause trouble and incite people's hearts. If this situation gets out of control, then I will have no room to deal with crimes."
The emperor appreciated his bold decision and specially gave him a chance. He was transferred and asked to go to Jiangnan to be the deputy transfer envoy (deputy transfer envoy: official position). There was a man named Gan Shao from Raozhou who was captured by a group of thieves. The state captured 14 of them, beat him up and sentenced him to death.
Fan Zhengci asked them step by step, and all 14 people cried. Fan Zhengci found out that the case was not true and ordered them to be moved to other places for questioning.
Later, someone reported to him the location of the thieves. Fan Zhengci secretly summoned the army to arrest them unprepared (cover-up: to arrest them unprepared). The thieves noticed his movements and ran away. Fan Zhengci immediately chased them on horseback for 20 miles out of the city.
The thief controlled a bow and sword and held a gun (the name of the weapon) and forced him towards Fan Zhengci. Fan Zhengci yelled and whipped him with a whip, hitting the thief's two eyes and causing him to fall to the ground. , the remaining thieves dispersed across the river and fled. The man who was injured by his whip was still alive, and the stolen goods he had abandoned were found beside him. He was sentenced to death according to his crimes, and all 14 people who were wrongly accused were released.
This is a matter in my hometown. Most people in the county don't know about it.