"Taishan Stone Carving", also known as "Mount Taishan Monument", is carved on all sides of the stone. In Dai Temple in Tai 'an, Shandong Province, there is only 10 left. The Stone Carving on Mount Tai was written in the 28th year of the First Emperor (2 19 BC) and is the earliest stone carving on Mount Tai. Its calligraphy is the standard seal script after the unification of Qin Dynasty. The author is Li Si, the first recorded calligrapher in the history of calligraphy in China.
"Taishan Stone Carving" was originally divided into two parts. The first half was carved by Qin Shihuang when he traveled to Mount Tai in 2 19, with the words *** 144. After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he thought that his merits were better than those of the three emperors and five emperors, and he began to patrol the mountains on a large scale and closed his doors on Mount Tai on a large scale. Mount Tai stone carving is a stone carving written by Qin Shihuang to publicize merit when he sealed Mount Tai. The second half was engraved in the first year of Qin Ershi Hu Hai's accession to the throne (the first 209 years), with 78 words. The stone carving is wide and narrow on all sides, with 22 lines, each with 12 words and ***222 words. The inscriptions on the two stone carvings were written by Li Si. The only word left in Qin Ershi's imperial edict is 10, that is, "Please die when I am ill", also known as "Taishan Cross".
Mount Tai Stone Carving is a typical seal script of Qin Dynasty. In the history of calligraphy, it is the last stage of ancient Chinese characters in China, inheriting the legacy of "Shi Guwen" and opening the seal script of Han Dynasty. The font is neat and slender, and the strokes are round, healthy and thick. It is a classic representative of Xiao Zhuan calligraphy in Qin dynasty, which embodies the artistic style of calligraphy in Qin dynasty. The characteristics of Xiao Zhuan are symmetry, balance, slightly slender and plain. There is no such problem in "Taishan stone carving". It contains elegance and beauty in symmetry, like a fairy standing in the wind, with elegant manners. Its structural features directly inherit the characteristics of "Shi Guwen", but it is simpler and more square than "Shi Guwen". It is rectangular, with smooth lines and even density, giving people a sense of dignity and stability. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang praised Li Si's Xiao Zhuan, saying that "painting is like a stone, words are like flying" and "words are rich and even, and Fiona Fang is wonderful". Li Simiao's Back of the Book in the Tang Dynasty said: "The essence of Li Simiao's seal script lies in ancient and modern times. The mountain of the king of Qin and the imperial seal, the mighty crossbow of Fu You, the Hong Zhong of Shiwan, the master of learning, are also the heritage of the country. " Although the "Taishan Stone Carving" has been damaged by hardships, it has survived and its light has always been eternal. Therefore, Li Si became the first calligrapher with traces of calligraphy in the history of calligraphy, and also the first small seal calligrapher in ancient and modern times. The "Taishan Stone Carving" in Qin Dynasty has important artistic and historical values. Lu Xun believes that the Stone Carving on Mount Tai in the Qin Dynasty is "solid in quality, from which the inscriptions in Han and Jin Dynasties are derived". At present, it is a first-class cultural relic collection.
According to records, in the fourth year of the Song Dynasty (114), the carved stone was still on the jade girl pool in Daiding, and it could read 146 words, but 76 words were lost. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, it was moved to the east of Bi Xia Temple to prevent wind erosion and rain. In the fifth year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, Bi Xia Temple suddenly caught fire, and the fire grew stronger and stronger while the wind was blowing. As a result, the Bi Xia Temple was burned in a mess, and the "Taishan Stone Carving" disappeared and its whereabouts were unknown. Many people feel sad about it. In the twentieth year of Jiaqing, the newly appointed magistrate Wang of Tai 'an liked dancing and writing. At the beginning of his tenure, he posted notices everywhere and offered a reward for finding monuments. Soon, an old man surnamed Zhao, who was over 90 years old, came to the county government with the help of his family and said to the magistrate Wang, "Magistrate, I am a bricklayer. I saw a monument when I was repairing the Jade Girl Pool at the top of the mountain. I wonder if this is what adults are looking for. " Laozhaoman described the shape and handwriting of the tablet one by one and said, "I was thrown into the jade girl pool at that time. I hope your Excellency will send someone to explore it." After listening to Zhao Weng's introduction, magistrate Wang knew that nine times out of ten it was "Taishan Stone Carving". Naturally, he was overjoyed, and he was not afraid of high mountains and high roads. He invited Jiang Yinpei, a former magistrate of a county, to go up the mountain together. Sure enough, he found a monument from the jade girl pool. After washing, the words "I fell ill and died" are vivid in my mind, and it really is an original Reese. So he built a house on the top of the mountain and a beautiful pavilion in the west of Dongyue Temple, named "Baosi Pavilion" and later changed it to "Reading Pavilion". On the day of laying the foundation stone, a grand ceremony was held to reward Lao Zhaoman. In the 12th year of Daoguang, the west wall of Dongyue Temple collapsed in a rainstorm due to disrepair. The disaster affected the "Reading the Monument Pavilion" and the Monument Pavilion was smashed and collapsed. When Xu Zonggan, a magistrate of a county, learned about it, he was busy looking for it from the ruins, so he moved the monument to the foot of the mountain and placed it in Daoyuan, Daimiao. In the sixteenth year of Guangxu, a thief saw this monument as a treasure. It was supposed to be worth 1000 dollars, so he stole it on a stormy night. After the incident, Mao, the magistrate of a county, ordered the whole city to be under martial law. After ten days, he finally found it under the stone bridge in Beiguan and moved back to Dai Temple. Now the Lisi monument is stored in the East Throne of Daimiao.