What are the advantages and disadvantages of ancient buildings in China?

1. The load-bearing and enclosure structures are clearly defined. Like modern frame structures, China's beam-lifting wooden frame structure can form a square or rectangular column network on the plane. At the periphery of the column network, walls can be built as needed, and doors and windows can be installed between columns. Because the wall does not bear the load of the roof and floor, it gives the building great flexibility. It can be made into houses with different doors and windows, pavilions with ventilation on all sides, roofs without walls, and sealed warehouses. Between the columns in the house, lattice fans and plate walls are used as light partitions, which can be installed or removed as needed. In the history of China, there are records that prefabricated components were transported to the site for installation, and there are also records that a number of palaces were dismantled and easily rebuilt. According to the excavation of Ming wares in Han Dynasty, Chang 'an ruins in Tang Dynasty and houses in some areas in Qing Dynasty, there are ways to use beams and columns in and around the houses. After long-term practice, the wooden frame structure with lifting beam has become a common structural mode in China. As for the column net treatment of bucket wood frame, although it is not as flexible as hanging beam wood structure, it is still the same in the division of load-bearing and envelope structure.

2. It is convenient to adapt to different climatic conditions whether it is a house with a beam or a bucket frame. As long as the height of the house, the material and thickness of the wall and roof, the position and size of the window are changed, it can be widely adapted to different cold and warm climates in various regions.

It is possible to reduce the earthquake losses. Due to the characteristics of wood, and the expansion space of the brackets and tenons used at the frame joints, the damage to this structure caused by earthquake can be reduced to some extent.

4. The material supply is convenient. Although there are serious deficiencies in fire prevention and corrosion protection of wooden frame buildings in China, in most areas of ancient China, it is easier to use local materials than to build them, which can solve the problem of material supply quickly and economically. Therefore, wood structure is still widely used in general buildings, and it is also used in various beams, cantilevers and arch bridges.