The meaning and usage of Shang:
1. The original meaning is death of minors, such as Shangzhe; Shangyao.
2. War dead. For example: mourning the soul; surrendering one's body to serve the Lord, and dying one's body to mourn the country (from Bao Zhao's "Generation from Jibeimen Xing").
Explanation from ancient books:
"Tang Yun" style sheep cutting, "Ji Yun", "Yun Hui" and "Zheng Yun" corpse sheep cutting,? Music quotient. It’s also mourning for minors. "Li·Mourning Clothes Biography" Death between the ages of 16 and 19 is long mourning, death between 12 and 15 years old is middle mourning, death between eight and eleven years old is low mourning, death under seven years old is mourning without clothes, and death before three years old The moon is not in mourning.
Also in "Li·Tan Gong", the Zhou people buried the long mourners with coffins and coffins from the Yin people, the Zhou people buried the middle mourners and lower mourners with the Xiahou family's coffins, and the Yu family's tile coffins were buried without clothes. Sorrow.
Also, "Zhou Rites, Local Officials, Matchmaker" prohibits marrying mourners. "Note" Shang is under 19 years old.
It is also one of the posthumous titles. "Jizhong Zhoushu" says that if you fail to do something short, it is called Shang, and if you don't have a good family, it is called Shang.
He also died in national affairs, and the ghost without an owner is called national mourning. "Chu Ci" has a chapter "National Sorrow".
Noun:
A person who dies as a minor.
The disease is diseased but the medicine does not change, and the people who wish to live longer are now the sons of war. ——"Lu's Spring and Autumn Period·Cha Jin"
Another example: mourning uniforms (in ancient times, they were the mourning uniforms for the deceased); mourning palace.
Those who died outside; the ghosts of those who died in war without an owner are called mourning. ——"Xiao Er Ya"
It is forbidden to move people to be buried and those who are getting married. ——"Zhou · Matchmaker". Note: "It is said to marry a dead person. Nowadays, it is a right thing to marry."
To surrender oneself to serve the Lord, to die is a national tragedy. ——Bao Zhao's "Generation from Jibeimenxing"
Another example: national mourning (people who sacrificed their lives for the country and died on the battlefield).