How long is the cultivation history of ginger in China?

Ginger has been cultivated in China since ancient times. According to archaeological remains, a complete piece of ginger was unearthed from the tombs in Jiangling, Hubei Province, indicating that ginger was used as a funerary object during the Warring States period, indicating that ginger was widely planted before 2560.

Ginger was also unearthed in Mawangdui Han Tomb in Changsha, Hunan Province (early Western Han Dynasty), indicating that the cultivation history of ginger was earlier. According to the historical records of ancient books, there is a saying in The Analects that "ginger should not be removed". In the twenty-four years of Zuo Zhuan, it was recorded that "when a woman gets married, she cultivates hazelnuts, chestnuts and jujubes to show her piety". This was the first gift given by an ancient elder, and it was repaired and forged with ginger and laurel. Zuo Zhuan is a contemporary work of Confucius (late Spring and Autumn Period). It can be seen that in the Spring and Autumn Period, ginger was not only used as a condiment, but also as a gift for the elders.

After the Warring States period, there were more records about ginger. Biography of Huo Zhi in Historical Records written by Sima Qian in the Western Han Dynasty contains records of "Jiangnan rose, catalpa, ginger, cinnamon, etc." and "Qianjiang leek, etc." It shows that ginger has been planted on a large scale as early as BC 1 century. Since then, in the Book of Qi Yao Min, Jia Sixie of the Northern Wei Dynasty made a detailed record of the cultivation techniques of ginger, such as land preparation, sowing, shading and harvesting, and put forward the opinion that "the soil in China is not suitable for ginger, but it can only survive, and the potential is not good", and that the Central Plains region is not suitable for planting ginger, but it can only survive. In fact, there is nothing inappropriate about planting ginger in the Central Plains. As long as ginger is scientifically managed according to its biological characteristics, it is easy to cultivate successfully. In the Book of Agricultural Administration written by Xu Guangqi in the Ming Dynasty, it was recorded that "Mr. Hu Xuan said: There are so many native species in the north today that it is not suitable for Xi Yun." It means that the ginger planted in the north can not only survive, but also grow well, which refutes Jia Sixie's view that the local conditions are not suitable. Song and Wu recorded in Meng Lianglu that in the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a "Jiang Hang" in Hangzhou, which sold ginger, ginger buds and new ginger, indicating that there was a firm specializing in selling ginger products in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the sales of ginger had a new development. According to Wang Zhennong's Book of the Yuan Dynasty, "Jiang Yi cultivated fertile land and planted it in March, and covered it with silkworm excrement or rotten grass ash dung, each three feet wide, which is convenient for watering. After germination, he scooped up the old ginger. Plant it in a low shed to shade the sun, harvest it in August, and make a deep cellar in September and1October, and bury the chaff in a warm place to avoid freezing injury, so as to plant it in the next year ... "The soil selection, cultivation season, technical measures, storage methods and seed retention of ginger are described in detail, which shows that the planting level of ginger in Yuan Dynasty has made great progress and improvement.

In China, according to the cultivation history and distribution of ginger, it has been abundant in the south since ancient times. According to ancient documents, Qin's Lv's Spring and Autumn Annals (239 BC) recorded that "the beauty of harmony is the ginger of Yangpu in Shu County." Yangpu is the place name of Sichuan. It shows that Yangpu River has become a delicious vegetable at that time. Biography of Historical Records of Huo Zhi includes "Gui Jiang went out of the south of the Yangtze River" and "Shu is also fertile, and the land forgives ginger". "Bielu" in the Western Han Dynasty said "Jiangsheng Qianwei (Sichuan) Valley, Jingzhou and Yangzhou". The above areas are all in the Yangtze River basin and its southern provinces. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Jia Sixie, the author of Qi Yao Min Shu, thought that it was not suitable to grow ginger in the Yellow River basin, so ginger was still mainly produced in the south. Su Song said in the Northern Song Dynasty that "Jiang is not as good as learning Chinese, literature and Chizhou". Hanzhou is Chengdu, Sichuan, Wenzhou is Zhejiang, and Chizhou is Guichi in southern Anhui. The famous Jiangzhou mentioned here are all in the south. In the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Zhennong's book said: "Ginger can be eaten in a trough, can replace vegetables, and can also be used as medicine. Today, it is widely used in the north." This reflects that the cultivation of ginger in the north has developed slightly, but it is still not common. In the Ming Dynasty, only a few local chronicles of prefectures and counties recorded ginger, indicating that ginger began to be planted in the north at the end of the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, ginger was widely planted in the north. For example, during the Qianlong period, ginger was planted in Huoshan County, Anhui Province. The ginger originally needed in Ningyang County, Yanzhou, Shandong Province is mainly sold from the south. At the end of Daoguang, some people began to introduce and try planting. During Guangxu period, its ginger products were not only self-sufficient, but also supplied to neighboring counties. At the same time, farmers in Yixian County of Yanzhou have also planted ginger at this time, and their products are sold together with Jianghuai Chinese cabbage, which not only exchanges ginger products in different places, but also makes considerable profits. According to the Records of Laiwu County, ginger was taxed in Xuan Tong period in Qing Dynasty, which shows that the cultivation of ginger was quite developed at that time.

Chen Shuping believes that the development of ginger planting from south to north is related to its own economic value. Ginger has been an important cash crop since ancient times. Until modern times, there is still a metaphor that "ginger is a thousand beds, lotus root is a thousand evils, and its benefits are better than all kinds of gold". It can be seen that planting ginger is an agricultural operation with good economic benefits. As long as planting ginger can get more economic benefits and meet the needs of people's lives, it will continue to develop with the development of social economy.