Boyhood
Lu Xun’s youth (3 photos)
September 25, the seventh year of Guangxu (1881) (the third day of August in the Xinsi year of the lunar calendar) , was born in the Zhou family of Xintaimen, Dongchangfang, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province. His childhood name is A Zhang, Chang Gen, Chang Geng, and his scientific name is Zhou Zhangshou. [13-14]
In the 18th year of Guangxu's reign (1892), he entered Sanwei Bookstore to study under Shou Jingwu, and sketched pictures after school. Established friendship with Zhang Runshui. [15]
In the 19th year of Guangxu's reign (1893), his grandfather Zhou Jiefu was imprisoned for some reason, and his father Zhou Boyi was seriously ill again. The family property was ruined and the family took refuge in the countryside. Every time he went to quality stores and pharmacies for his father, he was looked down upon. [16]
In the 22nd year of Guangxu (1896), his father passed away. The family situation becomes increasingly difficult. I started writing a diary this year. [17]
In the 23rd year of Guangxu's reign (1897), the family held a meeting to allocate houses, and the house allocated to Lu Xun and his family was poor and small. Lu Xun refused to sign and was reprimanded by his uncles, feeling the harshness of the world. [18]
Studying hard
In April of the 24th year of Guangxu (1898), he entered Nanjing Naval Academy and changed his name to Zhou Shuren. In December, I was urged by my uncle's family to take the county exam. After passing the exam, I stopped taking the prefectural exam because my fourth brother was ill and continued to study in Nanjing. In the second year, he transferred to the Mining and Railway School attached to Jiangnan Lu Normal University to learn mining. During this period, he came into contact with Huxley's "On the Evolution of Heaven", which had a certain influence on his future thinking. In addition to reading new books, he loves horse riding and dares to compete with the bannermen's children on horseback. [19] [14] [20-22]
During Lu Xun’s stay in Japan (5 photos)
In January of the 28th year of Guangxu’s reign (1902), he graduated from Mining Road School . In March, I went to Japan to study at public expense. In April, he entered the Japanese crash course at Hongwen College. The next year, I cut my braids. After school, he likes to read books on philosophy and literature, paying special attention to issues of human nature and national character. [23-24]
In April, the 30th year of Guangxu's reign (1904), he graduated from Hongwen College. In June, my grandfather Jiefu died at the age of sixty-eight. In August, he entered Sendai Medical College and graduated. [25]
In June of the 32nd year of Guangxu (1906), he was deceived into returning to China to marry Zhu An. In June, he returned to Japan. In July, he stopped studying medicine and returned to Tokyo from Sendai. He stopped studying in school and specialized in literary translation. In the following years, he learned German and Russian in different ways. [26]
In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908), he learned from Mr. Zhang Taiyan and Binglin, became a member of the "Guangfu Society", and translated "Collection of Foreign Novels" with his second brother. Life was difficult during this period. , to support his living by proofreading manuscripts. [27]
In the first year of Xuantong (1909), two volumes of "Collection of Foreign Novels" were published.
Confused and trapped
In August of the first year of Xuantong (1909), he returned to China and served as a physiology and chemistry teacher in Hangzhou and Zhejiang normal schools and a concurrent Japanese teacher in the botany of Suzuki Guisu translate.
In August of the second year of Xuantong (1910), he served as teacher and supervisor of Shaoxing Middle School. In 1911, he wrote his first novel, the classical Chinese novel "Nostalgia". [28-30]
In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), the provisional government was established in Nanjing. At the invitation of Cai Yuanpei, the Minister of Education, he served as the chief of the first section of the Social Education Department of the Ministry of Education. In August, he was appointed as Minister of Education. From this year to 1917, he copied a large number of ancient steles, compiled epigraphic inscriptions on them, and proofread ancient books. [31-32]
In the sixth year of the Republic of China (1917), on July 7, Zhang Xun resigned in anger due to the chaos caused by the restoration. On the 14th, he returned to the ministry after the chaos was over. [33]
In January of the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918), he participated in the reorganization of "New Youth" and served as an editorial board member.
Pioneer in the literary world
Lu Xun's speech "What Happened to Nora After She Left" (3 photos)
In May of the seventh year of the Republic of China (1918), Lu Xun was the Published under the pseudonym "Diary of a Madman", the first vernacular short story written in modern style in the history of modern Chinese literature, which was published in New Youth, Volume 4, Issue 5. [34-35]
In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), he taught the history of Chinese novels at Peking University and Beijing Higher Normal School. In June, he read the Chinese translation of "The Communist Manifesto" and praised the translator. . In September, the novel "The Storm" was published. [36-37]
In August of the twelfth year of the Republic of China (1923), the novel collection "The Scream" was published; he separated from his younger brother Zhou Zuoren and moved to No. 61 Xisita Hutong. The reason for the separation is unknown. . In December, he gave a speech on "What Happened to Nora After She Left", and concurrently served as a teacher at the Women's Normal University and Esperanto School; the first volume of "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" was published. [37] [38]
In July of the 13th year of the Republic of China (1924), he went to Xi'an to lecture on "Historical Changes in Chinese Novels". Returned to Beijing in August. In November, the weekly "Yusu" was published. Lu Xun published "On the Fall of Leifeng Pagoda" in the first issue. Since then, Lu Xun has become one of the leading writers of "Yusi". [39-40]
Democracy Fighter
In the 14th year of the Republic of China (1925), the "Female Normal University Trend" further escalated. Lu Xun was arrested by the Director of Education Zhang Shizhao for supporting progressive students in their just struggle. In the same year, Lu Xun sued Zhang Shizhao to the Pingzhengyuan. [41]
In March of the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926), the "March 18th Massacre" occurred. In April, Lu Xun wrote "Dead Place" and "In Memory of Mr. Liu Hezhen" to criticize the Duan Qirui government's massacre of students. He was hunted down and took refuge in Yamamoto Hospital. During the period of refuge, I kept writing. In August, "Wandering" was published, and he went to Xiamen University to serve as a professor in the Department of Chinese Literature. Resigned in December. [37] [42]
In January of the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927), he went to Sun Yat-sen University to teach. In March, he met with Chen Yannian, Secretary of the Guangdong and Guangxi District Committee of the Communist Party of China. On April 1st, he went to Whampoa Military Academy to give a lecture on "Literature in the Revolutionary Era". On the 12th, the "April 12 Counter-revolutionary Coup" occurred. On the 29th, he resigned angrily after rescuing progressive students to no avail. In August, "The Relationship between Wei and Jin Styles and Articles, Medicine and Wine" was published. In September, he rejected the nomination for the Nobel Prize in Literature, left Guangzhou for Shanghai, and married Xu Guangping in Shanghai. In December, he had a debate with Liang Shiqiu and others about the "third type of people" and "free people." The debate between the two parties was long-lasting and had a huge impact. [43-44]
In the spring of the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), he participated in the Chinese Revolutionary Mutual Aid Association. This year he began to collect and translate a large number of Marxist works. At the same time, he began to advocate revolutionary art and the modern woodcut movement. [45]
In the 18th year of the Republic of China (1929), Xu Guangping gave birth to a son, and Lu Xun named him "Zhou Haiying". [46-47]
Those who have great achievements need to have great wisdom, great perseverance, great determination, great talent, studiousness, and environmental influences to achieve today's achievements and be remembered by future generations!