O: When pronouncing, the lips should be round and slightly tilted, the tongue should be retracted, the back of the tongue should be raised, the tongue should be centered and the vocal cords should vibrate.
E: When pronouncing, the mouth should be half open, the tongue should be backward, the corners of the mouth should be flat to both sides, and the vocal cords will vibrate.
I: When pronouncing, the mouth should be slightly flat, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the lower gum, the tongue surface should be raised and close to the upper hard palate, and the vocal cords will vibrate.
U: When pronouncing, your lips should be round, with small holes protruding, your tongue back raised and your vocal cords vibrated.
ü: When pronouncing, the lips should be round and close together, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the lower gum, the front of the tongue should be raised, and the vocal cords should vibrate.
B: When you pronounce, you should close your lips to block the airflow, and then suddenly let go of your lips to let the airflow rush out. The pronunciation should be light and short.
P: When you pronounce, you should close your lips tightly to block the airflow, and then suddenly let go of your lips to make the airflow burst into sound.
M: When pronouncing, the lips should be closed, the tongue should be retracted, the airflow should come out of the nasal cavity, and the mouth should be opened to let the vocal cords vibrate.
F: When pronouncing, the upper teeth should contact the lower lip to form a narrow gap, so that air can be squeezed out of the gap and rubbed into sound.
D: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the upper gums, and then suddenly let go after holding the airflow. The airflow should be ejected from the mouth and burst into sound.
T: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the upper gum. After holding your breath, leave suddenly, and the air will come out of your mouth.
N: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the upper gum, and the airflow should pass through the nasal cavity. At the same time, push away the obstruction of the tip of the tongue, and the vocal cords will vibrate.
L: When you pronounce, your lips should be slightly open and the tip of your tongue should be pressed against the upper gum, so that the vocal cords will vibrate and air will flow out from both sides of the tip of your tongue.
G: When pronouncing, the front of the root of the tongue should be pressed against the soft palate to block the airflow, which should break through the obstruction of the root of the tongue and make it break into sounds.
K: When pronouncing, the front part of the tongue root should press the upper soft palate to block the airflow, and the airflow should break through the obstruction of the tongue root to make it sound.
H: When pronouncing, the root of the tongue should be raised and close to the soft palate to form a narrow gap, so that air can be squeezed out of the gap and rubbed into sound.
J: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the lower incisors, and the front of the tongue should be close to the hard palate, so that air can rush out of the narrow gap and rub into sounds.
Q: When pronouncing, the front of the tongue should be attached to the hard palate, so that the airflow can break through the obstruction of the root of the tongue and rub into sound.
X: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the lower incisors, and the front of the tongue should be raised close to the hard palate to form a narrow gap, so that air can be squeezed out of the gap and rubbed into sound.
Zhang: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be upturned and pressed against the front of the hard palate. A weak airflow breaks the barrier of the tip of the tongue, squeezes out from the seam and rubs into sound.
Ch: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be tilted upward and pressed in front of the hard palate. There is a strong airflow to break the barrier of the tip of the tongue, squeeze it out of the seam and rub it into sound.
Sh: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be tilted upward and close to the front of the hard palate, leaving a narrow gap so that air can be squeezed out of the narrow gap and rubbed into sound.
R: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be upturned, close to the front of the hard palate, leaving a narrow gap. Sound should be pronounced hard, so that air can be squeezed out of the narrow gap and the vocal cords will vibrate.
Z: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the back of the upper incisors to block the airflow, so that the weak airflow can break through the obstruction of the tip of the tongue and squeeze out from the narrow gap to make a fricative sound.
C: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the back of the upper incisor to block the airflow, and the strong airflow will be squeezed out from the seam and rubbed into sound.
S: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should be close to the back of the upper incisors, leaving a narrow gap so that air can be squeezed out from the narrow gap of the tip of the tongue and rubbed into sounds.
Y: When pronouncing, the mouth should be slightly flat, the tip of the tongue should be pressed against the lower gum, the tongue surface should be raised and close to the upper hard palate, and the vocal cords will vibrate.
W: When pronouncing, the lips should be round and protrude into small holes, the back of the tongue should be raised and the vocal cords should vibrate.
Ai: When pronouncing, you should pronounce A first, and then slide to I, so that the airflow will not be interrupted and the pronunciation will be light and short.
Ei: Pronunciation should start with the sound of E, and then slide to I, so that the airflow will not be interrupted, and the corners of the mouth should be spread to both sides.
Ui: When pronouncing, the pronunciation of U should be light and short, and then slide to ei, and the mouth shape should change from round to flat.
Ao: Pronunciation should start with the A sound, then the tip of the tongue is adducted, the base of the tongue is lifted, the mouth is round, and then it is gently slid to O.
O: When pronouncing, the O is pronounced first, the lips gradually converge, the base of the tongue rises, and the mouth shape changes from a big circle to a small circle.
Iu: pronounce I first, then slide to ou, and the mouth shape should change from flat to round.
Ie: When pronouncing, you should pronounce I first and then E, so that the airflow will not be interrupted.
üe: When pronouncing, you should pronounce the sound of ü first, then slide to E, and the mouth will change from round to flat.
Say: pronounce the e in the middle of the tongue, then roll the tip of the tongue towards the hard palate, and pronounce the two letters at the same time.
An: When pronouncing, you should pronounce A first, and then the tip of your tongue is gradually raised and pressed against your upper gum to pronounce N.
En: When pronouncing, you should pronounce e first, then raise your tongue surface, press the tip of your tongue on your upper gum, and let out air from your nasal cavity to pronounce n.
In: I should be pronounced first, and then the tip of the tongue is pressed against the back of the lower incisor, and the tongue surface gradually reaches the hard palate, and the airflow is released from the nasal cavity.
Un: When pronouncing, pronounce U first, then press the tip of the tongue on the upper gum, and then pronounce N. Air leaks from the nasal cavity.
ün: pronounce the sound of U first, then lift your tongue and press it on the upper gum, so that air can escape from the nasal cavity and pronounce N.
Ang: When pronouncing, you should pronounce A first, then the root of your tongue is pressed against the upper soft palate, the airflow is discharged from the nasal cavity, and the nasal sound is followed by ng sound.
Eng: When pronouncing, you should pronounce e first, then press the gum with the tip of your tongue, and the base of your tongue will retract against the soft palate to pronounce ng, so that air can escape from the nasal cavity.
Ing: When pronouncing, the tip of the tongue should touch the gum, the surface of the tongue should be raised to the hard palate, and the nasal cavity should sound.
Ong: When pronouncing, you should pronounce O first, then the base of your tongue retracts and sticks to the soft palate, with your tongue raised, your lips rounded and your nose singing.
Extended data:
Hanyu Pinyin is a phonetic scheme for spelling standard Chinese.
Chinese Pinyin is based on Beijing phonetic system. Beijing dialect is also a typical representative of China's territory and the most populous northern dialect.
The Chinese Pinyin Scheme explains the usage and standards of Chinese Pinyin, which is the national standard of the China Pinyin Writing Scheme and the international standard stipulated by the United Nations for spelling names and special words in China. It is People's Republic of China (PRC)'s legal pinyin scheme, and it is an international standard for spelling special nouns and words about China in world literature.
On February 1958, 1 1, the Fifth Session of the First National People's Congress formally adopted the Chinese Pinyin Scheme and approved its promulgation and implementation.
"Chinese Pinyin Scheme" is a scheme for spelling Putonghua with the international Latin alphabet and phoneme syllable structure and Beijing pronunciation as the standard pronunciation.
References:
Chinese Pinyin? Baidu baike