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Literally speaking, it is difficult to understand and may even exclude the meaning of "returning to heaven". If we scrutinize it carefully, we can easily find that the Shang clan reflected by the former is the totem of birds and has the custom of worshipping birds. The latter shows that people are still in the matriarchal society in the abandoned era, and people only know their mothers but not their fathers. "Falling from the sky, stopping all the mentions" seems to indicate that Du Ren should come to all the mentions from a highland and suddenly appear in front of the local people. Clothing, living habits and so on are all different.
Moreover, in the southern Yi literature, "Tian" or "Tian" has a foreign meaning. The Yi literature "Southwest, Tianliang Section" records: "Ten generations of Mu, ten generations of Mu Kaoza, seven generations of Mougenot, eight generations of Mu Woheng, nine generations of Mu, and eleven generations of Mu Momo intermarried with Heaven during this period. It also reads: "Wu passed on the Wu lineage and spread it to Ejiao Wu; At first glance, it spread to the lineage and to the building; Wax passed from waxy blood to goose; ..... from silent bloodline to Muad. Tian Jun Chuan ordered: thirty cows a day, thirty coppers a day and thirty silks a day as rent. Then one day, Heaven and Man acted as servants and came down to collect the rent. Heaven here refers to foreigners. The heavenly army is the leader of a foreign country, and heaven and man are foreign people.
For the nationalities in northeast Yunnan, Duyu is a foreign nationality, and Duyu from other nationalities arrived in northeast Yunnan. With strong force, it conquered local tribes and opened to the north. Therefore, it is possible that "when Zhu mentioned that Liang's daughter swam to Heyuan, Yu Yuezhi, she thought it was a princess." The two tribes formed an alliance. Later, under the leadership of Du Yu, the tribal alliance conquered Shu and established Shu.
Where did the Duyu nationality originate? Combined with archaeological data, it seems that they should come from Liangshan area, close to northeast Yunnan, and their ethnic group should also be Pu nationality. "Pre-interpretation of Du in the Spring and Autumn Period" said: "Puyi has no monarch and no president, and all cities gather together, so it is called Baipu." There are many tribes of Pu clan, which are scattered in the west and south of China. Puzu is the earliest indigenous people in Liangshan area. They are engaged in agricultural production and have a pioneering farming culture. The local Yi people call it "Su Pu Dance". According to the records of the old Yi books, when the Yi ancestors first moved to Liangshan, Su Puwu had already settled here. Yi people raise cattle and sheep, while Wu Wu grows crops, which is consistent with Du Yu's record of "teaching people to plow the fields" after Shu in Huayang Guozhi, which proves that Du Yu is one of Wu Wu.
After Du Yu was defeated by Master Roshi, he had to "retire to the Western Hills". According to Mr. Wang's textual research, Xishan is now the area around Anning River and Xiaoxiangling Mountain. Located in the west of Leshan, the capital of Shu. Mr. Guan Ronghua further pointed out: "Today, the black man in Liangshan (Nuohuo) is behind the Du Yu tribe in ancient Shu. A branch of the Du Yu tribe once went south along the Minjiang River Valley to the south of Sichuan, to the north of Qianxi, to the northeast of Yunnan, and then to Liangshan from the northeast of Yunnan-this was the early Spring and Autumn Period around 600 BC, after Du Yu, the founder of Ming Dynasty. " From the discussion of Mr. Chen and Mr. Guan, it can be seen that the route of Du Yu tribe's defeat and escape in those days was to expand northward and conquer Shu. Du Yu "taught people to farm", but the agriculture in ancient Shu did not start from Du Yu's era. Shan Hai Jing says "Uncle is the ancestor of heaven", and uncle and Du Yu may be the same person. Combined with archaeological data, it can be seen that agricultural production began in Chengdu Plain as early as the late Neolithic Age. By the time Du Yu replaced King Yufu, the agriculture in ancient Shu had developed to a considerable scale. According to the unearthed archaeological data, in 1998 and 1999, the Sino-Japanese joint archaeological investigation team carried out archaeological excavations on the Tancheng site in Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province, and found rice silicate in the ash pit in the later stage of the site. A large number of straw remains were also found in the braised soil blocks of Sanxingdui site in Guanghan. It shows that rice was planted in Chengdu Plain in the late Neolithic period.
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In the archaeological excavation of Sanxingdui site, a large number of wine vessels were unearthed, such as cups, cups, spoons, pointed lights and so on. There are many kinds, and wine-making needs rich grains. The excavation and excavation of a large number of wine vessels fully reflected the surplus of agricultural production in ancient Shu. Du Yu's "Teaching People to Cultivate Farms" proves that Du Yu (a nation) has a higher agricultural production technology than Shu. After Du entered Shu, he advocated agriculture and prospered Shu with agriculture, which further promoted the social development of Shu. Make it a great country with strong national strength, prosperous agriculture and people living and working in peace and contentment. Shu Zhi of Huayang Country: "Zanxie is the main entrance, Xiong Er and Lingguan are the back households, Emei is the battlements, Jiang, Qian, Mian and Luo are the pools, Wenshan is the animal husbandry, and there are gardens in the south". In real life, Du Yu is not a tribe that worships cuckoos. "Biography of the King of Shu" records: "The first name of the King of Shu was Can Cong, and the descendants were Guan Bai and Yu Fu. These three generations are hundreds of years old. " Some people say that "Wang Diji is over 100 years old". Whether it is "over 100 years old" or "several hundred years old", it can't be the real life span of several generations of Shu kings, but only the time when their dynasties ruled Shu. It also proves that "Guan Bai", "Yu Fu" and "Du Yu" are not the titles of real emperors, but should be the honorifics of ancestors. According to legend, Du Yu's ancestor was the cuckoo. However, there is no written record of Du Yuren worshiping Du Fu in Historical Records. In Huayang National Records, it is only said that Du Yu was renamed Pubei after he proclaimed himself emperor. According to experts' research, Pubei is a kind of osprey, the same as a fisherman, and Pubei is far from cuckoo.
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According to Shuo Wen Jia Bu, "... the king of Shu committed adultery with his wife and died of shame. He was a bird of Zigui, and the people of Shu heard the song of Zigui. They all say that they are in line with the emperor. " "Sichuan Tongzhi" Volume 20 1 said: "After Wang Di fled, he wanted to die again and become a cuckoo." This strongly disproves that Du Yu did not call himself Du Fu when he was in office. Only after the loss of power and country, "Ascending to the West Mountain to hide" was called "cuckoo". The reason why Shu people turned Du Yu into a cuckoo is because cuckoo is related to agricultural production. As we all know, cuckoo, also known as cuckoo, is a beneficial bird in agriculture and forestry. Shi Kuang's "Bird Classic" says: "The cuckoo goes out of Shu, and it sings at dusk in spring, and the family waits for it to promote agriculture." During Du Yu's reign, advanced agricultural production technology was spread, which created the farming civilization of ancient Shu, and it was easy for later generations to associate Du Fu with Du Yu. Secondly, cuckoo's singing has a melody of "four tones and one paragraph", and its voice is sad and moving, just as Li Bai said in the poem "Seeing Rhododendron in Xuancheng": "Shu once heard of Rhododendron, and Xuancheng also saw Rhododendron. One is called, one is ileum, the other is broken, and I remember it on March 3. " After Du Yu's death, Shu people sympathized with the losers and turned them into cuckoos to express their nostalgia for Du Yu. Seeing the emperor as a cuckoo has also become a fairy tale handed down from generation to generation by Shu people.