What types of supplementary articles are common in books?

There are many kinds of supplementary books, and their writing requirements, forms of expression and arrangement methods also have their own characteristics. This paper mainly introduces some commonly used and common auxiliary characters. First, the cover text and the title page text The cover text is the text that should be set on the cover, back cover and spine of the book, such as the title of the book, the name of the author, the name of the publishing house, etc. Title page text is the text that should be set on the title page, copyright page and attached pages, such as version records and book cataloging data in publications. 2. Summary of contents, author's brief introduction, preface of the masthead, postscript of the masthead, examples and cover slogans. Abstract is a brief introduction and explanation of the content and characteristics of this book. Author profile is a brief description of the author's identity. The preface to publication is an explanatory text made to readers in the name of the publisher from the perspective of editing work. Postscript is the text written by the editor after finishing the editing work. An example is to explain the content of a book and the type of text compiled. The cover slogan is placed on the text cover, back cover or waist cover of the picture, and the book is recommended. 3. Preface, preface and preface are collectively called "preface" and are independent articles placed in front of the text. The preface is also called preface, and the preface is also called introduction, preface and writing in front. The content and elements of preface and preface are basically the same, but it is customary that preface is mostly used for works with high academic value and cultural connotation, and preface is mostly used for teaching materials and deductive works. Preface can be divided into self-preface, heteropreface, substitution preface, original preface, translation preface, revised edition preface, first edition preface and so on. The preface is written by the author, which generally includes writing intention, basic content, writing style, writing background, data source, writing process, main features, existing problems, division of writing between readers and authors, and help obtained. , are not suitable for writing in the text but need to explain clearly to readers. His preface was written by others, but the department can be a "preface" and there can be multiple prefaces, which generally include the introduction of the author, the analysis of the work, the evaluation of value and the in-depth discussion of some issues. If the preface and the preface coexist, the preface should precede the preface to show respect for the author of the preface. Substitution means that the author chooses an article to replace the preface, and the word "substitution" can be enclosed in brackets after the title of the article; With substitute order, there should be no self-order or other order. The original preface generally exists only in imported books or edited books, and refers to the preface of the original author. Translation order generally exists only in imported maps. In addition to explaining the translation reasons, translation process and translation division of words, it can also introduce the basic situation of the original author, creative intention, writing background, basic content of the work, analysis and value evaluation of the work, etc. If the translation order and the original order coexist, the translation order should precede the original order to show that the translation order introduces the whole work, including the original order. The preface of the revised edition or the preface of the first edition only exists when the book is revised (not reprinted), generally because the new edition supplements the original content and modifies the original point of view, which needs to be explained in the preface of the new edition; The new preface and the old preface coexist, and the old preface should indicate the version (such as the "first edition preface"), and the new preface should precede the old preface to show that the new preface introduces the whole work including the old preface and its changes and development. The preface is not limited in length, but it is important to be meaningful. Blind self-appreciation or cheap flattery is a taboo in the preface or other prefaces. 4. Postscript and postscript are explanatory words placed at the end of the book, and their contents and elements are similar to the usual "Postscript" and "Postscript". Postscript is relative to preface, and postscript and postscript are relative to preface, introduction, preface and introduction. Postscript, postscript, preface and preface are both different and related. The preface and postscript generally explain the creative intention, basic content, compilation style, readers, etc. The postscript or supplement the shortcomings of the preface and postscript, or explain the new situation after the completion of the manuscript, or express gratitude to others for their help in the writing process. Postscript only exists in translated books. When there is no translation order or translator order in the book, it has the function of evaluating the original author and works instead of translation order and translator order. If there is a translation order or a translator's preface, the postscript focuses on the translation and proofreading process and other technical problems. Postscript and postscript should generally be written by translators, and a few are written by others. The postscript precedes the postscript of the book. 5. A table of contents, or "table of contents", is a part that represents the basic content and hierarchical structure of a book before the text, generally including the title of the text and some related auxiliary articles, and has the functions of retrieval and introduction. Books with multi-level titles should be included in at least two levels, and titles of grades 3, 4 and below should be included in the catalogue according to the actual situation. Set the contents of the directory to adhere to the principle of detail and appropriateness, and avoid tedious details. If this book is a multi-person collection, the name of the author (translator) should be added to the title of each work. If the preface, postscript and postscript are written by others, their names should also be indicated. The titles at all levels listed should indicate their page numbers in the book. The catalogue is generally written by the author, checked, revised and supplemented by the editor, but it can also be written by the responsible editor. Page numbers in the catalogue should be filled in by proofreaders after the third proofreading. 6. Annotation is a description of the contents or words of a book in short words. There are many kinds of annotations, and there are similarities and differences in different situations: some explain words, symbols and foreign languages, some explain the sources of materials and quotations, some modify, sort out and supplement the contents of words, and some comment and explain. Notes or annotations attached to the text (the text description in the text or the explanation attached to the citation source is printed in the text, and the word level or font is often different from the text and separated by brackets) are regarded as an integral part of the text in this book, while other types of annotations are classified as supplementary text. The following are some common main forms of comments. 1. Footnote. Also called "margin note" and "end note". It either explains the text in the text and explains the source of the quotation, or modifies, supplements and explains the content in the text. Footnotes with references to sources should include some basic descriptive items, as shown in Section 5 of Chapter 8 of this book. 2. Remarks at the end of the article. Its contents are the same as footnotes, which are printed after a certain part of the text of the book (according to the nature of this part, it can be divided into "note after paragraph", "note after chapter" and "note after article") or after the whole text (that is, "note after book"). The text of comments is coded in sequence, and the sequence code of comments at the end of the text must be consistent with it. 3. Repeat notes. This kind of annotation is common in the annotation of ancient books. A word has been annotated in the last article. If it appears again, please refer to the comments on the previous page. Or according to the usage differences of the word in different places, each has its own emphasis and echoes each other. 4. Translate notes. The first meaning refers to the annotation and translation of ancient books; The second meaning refers to the comments added by the translator in the translation. 5. self-note. This is a note added by the author of this book. 6. Original notes. This is part of the original author's comments in ancient books, translated works and multi-person collections. 7. Editor's note. This is a comment added by an editor or publisher during the selection or editing process. The classification principles of various annotations are not consistent, and the contents they contain are not the same, so there will be overlaps in actual performance (for example, footnotes and later annotations can often be self-notes, editor's notes and translator's notes). Seven. Appendix This is all kinds of materials attached to the text of a book, which are not directly related to the text or related to the content of the text but are not suitable for inclusion in the text. In a narrow sense, it includes articles, documents, charts and other related materials that supplement the main content; In a broad sense, it also includes references, translation tables, indexes, chronologies of major events and so on. Appendices can be completed by translators or edited as needed. The appendix should be concise, reliable, novel and practical. 8. References This is a list of references and quotations. When the source of quotations cannot be indicated one by one in the footnote, these references and quotations are listed after the text of the book or after each part. The fifth section of chapter 8 of this book introduces in detail the basic content items that should be included. References are generally completed by the author. The principle of listing references is concise and practical, and the listed documents should be those of practical value that the author has read. The publication of references not only reflects the requirements of academic norms and respect for the original authors, but also provides convenience for readers to consult and study. 9. Index index, also known as "introduction" and "overview", is a retrieval tool that arranges special items or multiple items in books in a certain order. Index is an indispensable part of dictionaries, and academic works and reference books should also be equipped with indexes. According to the title, it can be divided into subject index, person name index, place name index, word index, author index, document index, stroke index, comprehensive index, citation index and so on. According to the printing form, it can be divided into back index, single volume index and so on. The arrangement order is usually alphabetical order, stroke order, radical order, phonetic order, classification or theme order. Indexing is sometimes done by authors, but experienced editors or other relevant publishers can do better. The principle of indexing is that the entries are complete and concise, the arrangement is scientific and standardized, and it is easy to retrieve. The index should be placed before the postscript or postscript, and before the publication postscript. X. Chronology of Major Events A chronology of major events is a table that records major events in chronological order, with both reference and retrieval functions. The chronology of events attached to a book is mostly related to the basic content of the book, and a few provide a comprehensive background. The chronology of major events is generally completed by the author. The compiling principles are comprehensive, detailed, appropriate, concise and helpful for reference. XI。 Noun explanation Noun explanation is the explanation of some special terms in the text, which is mostly used in social sciences, popular science books and translation books. It is usually written by an author or editor. The principle of writing is conciseness. Twelve. Translation comparison table Translation comparison table is a table that lists the original translations of Chinese and foreign names, place names, things names and other proper nouns, and has the functions of reference, retrieval and explanation. Generally translated works, reference books and other books that involve more foreign things are often accompanied by a translation table at the end of the text. It can be sorted by Chinese characters or foreign languages. Translation tables can be compiled according to standard publications and supplemented by translators or editors according to specific circumstances. Thirteen, in addition to the above other auxiliary text, belongs to the book auxiliary text and slogan page text, introduction page text, inscription page text, errata, etc.